CBSE Class 10 English (Lang & Lit) Question Paper 2025 Solved Code 2-1-3

SECTION A

1(i). [1 mark] What is the tone of the writer in the given lines ? Rationalise your response in about 40 words. "Saffron is being used since ages in various foods made for the royals and the elite as it contains medicinal properties."

Answer :

The tone is informative and objective. The writer presents factual information about saffron's historical use among royals and its medicinal properties without showing personal feelings or bias. The language is straightforward and neutral.

Teacher's Note:
Tone must be identified as informative, objective, or formal - not emotional or biased.
Rationalization should explain why the language is factual and neutral, not opinion-based.
Look for absence of emotional words or personal judgment in the passage.

1(ii). [1 mark] Which of the following statements best describes the comparison made in the sentence ? "Just like gold is among the most valuable metals in the world, saffron means the same in the world of spices."
(A) Gold and saffron have similar physical properties.
(B) Gold and saffron have equal monetary value.
(C) Saffron is considered the most valuable spice, similar to how gold is valued among metals.
(D) Gold and saffron are both rare commodities in the global market.

Answer : (C) Saffron is the most valuable spice, just as gold is valued among metals.

Teacher's Note:
The comparison is about value and status, not physical properties or monetary equivalence.
The key is understanding "means the same" refers to prestige and worth in their respective categories.
Do not confuse with actual price equality between the two commodities.

1(iii). [2 marks] List any two points why saffron is revered across the globe.

Answer :

Point 1: Saffron has been used since ancient times in foods prepared for royals and elites, and it forms the backbone of many iconic dishes worldwide.

Point 2: Saffron possesses strong aroma, unique flavour, and valuable medicinal properties that make it highly prized.

Teacher's Note:
Accept any two valid points from the marking scheme - historical use, medicinal properties, aroma/flavour, or labour-intensive harvesting/high value.
Each point should be clearly stated as a separate sentence.
Do not list points without explanation - develop them into complete sentences.

1(iv). [1 mark] Fill in the blank from the given options : In the phrase 'backbone of several iconic dishes', the word 'iconic' refers to __________.
(A) delicately cooked
(B) widely recognized
(C) peculiar and rare
(D) strange and infamous

Answer : (B) widely recognized.

Teacher's Note:
"Iconic" in this context means famous or well-known, not physically rare or strange.
Think of iconic dishes as dishes that are famous and instantly recognizable worldwide.
Avoid confusing iconic with peculiar or strange.

1(v). [2 marks] Complete the sentence appropriately : Saffron has a labour-intensive cultivation process which involves __________.

Answer :

Saffron has a labour-intensive cultivation process which involves hand-picking of the flowers and drying the stigmas over charcoal fires. This process requires forty hours of labour per kilogram of saffron produced.

Teacher's Note:
Accept any two processes or labour-related details from hand-picking, drying, spreading on trays, or the forty-hour labour figure. Do not accept vague answers like "hard work" without specifics. The answer must show understanding of why saffron is expensive.

1(vi). [1 mark] State whether the following statement is True or False : According to historians, saffron was first used in the kitchens in Iran.

Answer :

True

Teacher's Note:
This is a direct recall question from the text. Iran is mentioned as the first place where saffron was used in kitchens according to historians. No explanation is required for a single-mark True/False question.

1(vii). [1 mark] Which of the following statements best describes the reason for saffron's high retail value ?
(A) Due to its magical or mystical properties.
(B) Because it can only be grown in specific regions.
(C) Due to its labour-intensive cultivation process and its relatively low yield per plant.
(D) Because traders, conquerors, and world explorers hoard it.

Answer : (C) Labour-intensive cultivation and low yield make saffron costly.

Teacher's Note:
Option C is the most complete and accurate reason - it combines both effort and scarcity. Options A and D are vague or unsupported by science. Option B is too narrow since many regions grow saffron but few make it profitable.

1(viii). [1 mark] Support the writer's view with evidence from the text that saffron is often adulterated.

Answer :

The writer provides evidence that saffron is often adulterated because of its high price. Beetroot and pomegranate are used to enhance the red colour, while silk fibres, oil, and wax are added to increase bulk. Additionally, powdered saffron can be mixed with turmeric and paprika.

Teacher's Note:
Provide at least two specific examples of adulterants mentioned in the text - name the fake materials actually used. Explain why adulteration happens: the high price makes it worthwhile for sellers. Generic statements like "it gets mixed with other things" will not earn full marks.

2(i). [2 marks] What does the phrase 'luxurious qualities' in paragraph (2) tell you about the silk fabric ? Write in 40 words with evidence from the text.

Answer :

The phrase 'luxurious qualities' shows that silk has a soft and smooth texture that feels comfortable when it touches skin. The text also mentions that silk can absorb and release moisture, making it pleasant to wear in different weather conditions.

Teacher's Note:
Include at least two qualities - softness/smoothness and comfort, or moisture absorption. Use words directly from the text to show evidence. Stay within 40 words - around 35-45 is acceptable.

2(ii). [1 mark] Select the option that is true for the assertion and reason given below.
Assertion : Silk production requires careful selection.
Reason : Long and uniform silk fibres give silk a glossy appearance.
(A) Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(B) Both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(C) The assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(D) The assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Answer : (A) Both are true, and the reason correctly explains why careful selection is needed.

Teacher's Note:
The assertion is about the process (careful selection needed), the reason explains the result (glossy appearance from uniform fibres). Recognize that the reason logically supports why selection must be careful. This is a direct cause-and-effect relationship.

2(iii). [1 mark] Justify the following statement : Silk whispers luxury! Its price reflects not just its rarity but the value of the meticulous process behind its creation.

Answer :

The high price of silk reflects its rarity and the hard work involved in making it. Silk production is labour-intensive and requires specialized knowledge and expertise. Limited production due to natural factors, combined with careful selection for quality, makes silk valuable and expensive.

Teacher's Note:
Pick one reason from the marking scheme - labour-intensive work, limited supply, specialized expertise, or careful selection. One clear point is enough for 1 mark. Use the word "justify" to mean "explain why the statement is true".

2(iv). [1 mark] According to the passage, mention the top two countries that produce silk.

Answer :

China and India are the top two countries that produce silk.

Teacher's Note:
Both countries must be named together to get full marks. The passage directly states this - do not add extra details. Keep the answer short and factual.

2(v). [1 mark] "Factors like climate, availability of quality mulberry leaves and time required by silkworms to complete their lifecycle are important factors for the production of silk." State any one inference that can be drawn from this.

Answer :

The production of silk is limited or expensive because many conditions must be met at the same time - the right weather, good mulberry leaves, and enough time for the worms to grow fully.

Teacher's Note:
Accept any valid inference about production being limited, costly, or difficult due to the multiple conditions needed. Do not accept vague or off-topic responses. The student should link the factors mentioned to a real consequence.

2(vi). [1 mark] Complete the following with a suitable reason from the text : Though silk is considered one of the strongest fibres, it is __________.

Answer :

Though silk is considered one of the strongest fibres, it is easily damaged when wet, as it loses 20% of its strength in water.

Teacher's Note:
Any one reason from the text is acceptable - weakening when wet, poor elasticity, sunlight damage, or insect attack when dirty. The answer must complete the sentence meaningfully and match the text exactly.

2(vii). [1 mark] Based on the given text, mention the states which produced the most and the least amount of raw silk in India in the year 2021.

Answer :

Karnataka produced the most raw silk in India in 2021. Uttar Pradesh produced the least.

Teacher's Note:
Both states must be named correctly for full marks - one for most, one for least. Check spelling carefully. These are factual answers from the text's data.

2(viii). [1 mark] Complete the sentence suitably. 104 kgs of mulberry leaves eaten by 3000 silkworms results in __________.

Answer :

104 kgs of mulberry leaves eaten by 3000 silkworms results in the production of 1 kg of silk.

Teacher's Note:
The answer is a direct fact from the text - the conversion ratio of leaves to silk output. Do not add extra information or change the quantity given.

2(ix). [1 mark] With reference to the given passage, give one reason why silk production is considered labour-intensive.

Answer :

Silk production requires specialized knowledge and skilled craftsmanship by trained artisans.

Teacher's Note:
Key term: "specialized knowledge" or "expertise" or "skilled craftsmanship" must be mentioned. Do not confuse labour-intensive with time-consuming alone - the marking scheme asks for the skill/expertise angle specifically.

SECTION B

3(i). [1 mark] Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the brackets, for the given portion of a letter. 'Thank you for ________ (consider) my application. I look forward to working in your organization.

Answer :

Considering

Teacher's Note:
Use the gerund form (verb + ing) after "for" in this context. "Considering" is the -ing form needed here. Common mistake: writing "consider" (base form) or "to consider" (infinitive).

3(ii). [1 mark] Read the given sentence. Identify the error and supply the correction in the sentence. Ninety-seven percent of the Earth's water is salty ocean water and another two percent is trapping in the Earth's ice caps and glaciers.

Answer :

Error: trapping
Correction: trapped

Teacher's Note:
The verb must be in past participle form ("trapped") not present participle ("trapping") because "water is trapped" describes a completed state. Watch for passive voice structures and verb form agreement.

3(iii). [1 mark] Yukti and Sanjay had a conversation about going to a restaurant. Report Yukti's question. "Does this restaurant serve good South Indian food ?"

Answer :

Yukti asked Sanjay if/whether that restaurant served good South Indian food.

Teacher's Note:
In reported speech, change "does" to "served" (past tense). Change "this" to "that" (shift of reference). Use "if" or "whether" to report the yes/no question. Keep the order: asked + person + if/whether + reported question.

3(iv). [1 mark] Read the dialogue between Amit and his sister Ananya, regarding her travel to the railway station. Amit : Are you sure you can manage to go to the railway station on your own ? Ananya : Oh yes! I have already booked a cab. Select the correct option to report the above dialogue. Amit asked Ananya ________ to go to the railway station on her own. Ananya replied in the affirmative and said that she had already booked a cab.
(A) if she is sure she can manage
(B) if she was sure she could manage
(C) if she surely can manage
(D) if she was sure to managing

Answer : (B) if she was sure she could manage

Teacher's Note:
Reported speech requires backshift of tense - present changes to past, can changes to could. The structure is "asked + object + if/whether + clause". Option (A) keeps present tense (wrong). Option (D) uses incorrect gerund form "managing".

3(v). [1 mark] Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option, to complete the sentence taken from a book about 'Birds'. Each year, thousands of birds ________ (migrate/immigrate/emigrate) southwards to avoid the harsh winter, embarking on an incredible journey that spans thousands of miles.

Answer : (A) Migrate - birds move to a new place seasonally.

Teacher's Note:
Migrate means to move from one place to another. Immigrate means to come into a country. Emigrate means to leave your own country. The sentence describes birds moving south, so migrate is correct.

3(vi). [1 mark] Identify and correct the error in the given line taken from an agency's advertisement. Tell us much about your project and we'll select suitable candidates for you to hire.

Answer :

Error: much

Correction: more / something

Teacher's Note:
"Much" is used with uncountable nouns in negative or question form. Here the sentence is positive and asks for a quantity, so "more" or "something" fits better. The corrected sentence: "Tell us more about your project..."

3(vii). [1 mark] Select the option that identifies the error and supplies the correction for the following line taken from an article about growing obesity. Obesity in teenage children is a major concern between parents today.
(A) teenage | teenagers
(B) concern | concerns
(C) between | among
(D) today | now

Answer : (C) between should be among

Teacher's Note:
Use "between" for two things, "among" for three or more. Here "parents" is plural (many people), so "among" is correct. The phrase should be "among parents" not "between parents".

3(viii). [1 mark] Complete the given narrative with the correct option to fill in the blank. Yesterday, Tanu walked to the park and ________ a breezy evening.
(A) to enjoying
(B) will enjoy
(C) enjoyed
(D) did enjoyed

Answer : (C) enjoyed - past tense matches "walked".

Teacher's Note:
Use simple past tense when the sentence describes a completed action in the past. The verb must agree with the time reference (Yesterday). Option (D) has a double past form which is incorrect.

3(ix). [1 mark] Report the dialogue between two friends by completing the sentence. Bhawna : I finished the project yesterday. Sohail : That's great ! Are you going to present it tomorrow ? Bhawna told Sohail that __________. Sohail responded that it was great and asked if she were going to present it the next day.

Answer :

She had finished the project the day before.

Teacher's Note:
In reported speech, shift the tense one step back: "finished" becomes "had finished". Change "yesterday" to "the day before" or "the previous day". Keep the same meaning but adjust pronouns and time references.

3(x). [1 mark] Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option to complete the notice on a school notice board. We are pleased to announce that our Annual Sports Day ________ on 30th April, 2025 at the school playground from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
(A) is held
(B) will be held
(C) had been held
(D) to be held

Answer : (B) will be held - future event uses passive voice.

Teacher's Note:
Use future passive tense for planned events announced before they happen. "Will be held" is correct for a sports day scheduled in the future. "Is held" is simple present and does not show futurity.

3(xi). [1 mark] Complete the slogan on "Save Earth", by filling in the blank with the correct option. Lets join hands, cultivate conservation, and ________ a greener tomorrow for generations to come.
(A) ensuring
(B) ensure
(C) ensures
(D) ensured

Answer : (B) ensure - infinitive form after "and" in parallel structure.

Teacher's Note:
After "cultivate conservation" (infinitive), use "ensure" (base form) to maintain parallel structure in the sentence. Both verbs in the pair must have the same grammatical form.

3(xii). [1 mark] Identify the error and supply the correction for the following note in an air purifier's instruction manual. The plug should fit upto the outlet. If it doesn't fit, do not force it in.

Answer :

Error: upto
Correction: into

The correct sentence should read: "The plug should fit into the outlet."

Teacher's Note:
"Upto" is informal and not standard English; "into" is the correct preposition showing direction or movement in this context.
Always check prepositions carefully in grammar error identification questions.

4. [5 marks] You are Suman Lata / Rohan Mori living at 345, Green Apartments, Tyagnagar. You have read that some prominent places in your city have been identified as high-crime areas. Women and elderly people feel scared to navigate through those areas and feel they are more likely to be robbed. To safeguard the interests of vulnerable people, write a letter to the SHO of your area, in about 120 words, requesting him/her to deploy more police personnel in high-crime areas so that the crime rate can be brought down.

OR

You are Anjali Gehlot / Rohan Hora living at 867, Limeroad Heights, Tramnagar. You have noticed how new technologies have paved their way into every aspect of our lives. On the one hand, they have revolutionized the way we live, work and communicate, and on the other hand, it has raised concerns about data privacy and security. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily, in about 120 words, discussing the benefits and risks of new technologies in our daily life.

Answer (Letter to SHO - Option 1) :

345, Green Apartments
Tyagnagar
Date: [Today's date]

The SHO
Police Station, Tyagnagar

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to bring urgent attention to the high-crime areas in our city. Women and elderly people face serious threats of robbery and physical attacks in these zones, making them afraid to step out. This limits their freedom and safety in our own neighbourhood.

I request you to deploy more police personnel in these identified areas for regular patrolling. Strict action against criminals and installation of CCTV cameras would also help reduce the crime rate significantly.

Your immediate action on this matter would be highly appreciated.

Yours sincerely,
Suman Lata / Rohan Mori

Answer (Letter to Editor - Option 2) :

867, Limeroad Heights
Tramnagar
Date: [Today's date]

The Editor
[National Daily Name]

Dear Sir/Madam,

New technologies like AI, WiFi, and drones have revolutionized how we live, work, and communicate. They have made our tasks faster and more efficient, improving our quality of life.

However, these same technologies pose serious risks. Data privacy invasion and cyber crimes are growing threats. Personal information is often misused, causing security concerns to users.

While we cannot ignore technology's benefits, stronger regulations and awareness are needed to protect our privacy and ensure safe digital living.

Yours sincerely,
Anjali Gehlot / Rohan Hora

Teacher's Note:
Include proper letter format with sender's address, date, recipient details, and closing with signature.
Write in formal tone and organize ideas into clear paragraphs showing the problem, its impact, and suggested solutions.
Include at least two relevant content points with specific examples or details.
Check spelling, punctuation, and grammar throughout — even small errors reduce the accuracy mark.

5(a). [5 marks] In the past few years, the teaching-learning process has taken a leap and gone beyond the four walls of the classroom. Today, it has become possible to learn not just by sitting in a physical classroom, but from anywhere. Given below is a chart depicting the differences between E-learning and Classroom learning. Write an analytical paragraph in about 120 words, assessing the benefits and drawbacks of both, by selecting features that support your analysis.

Answer :

E-learning and classroom learning both have distinct advantages and disadvantages. Classroom learning requires students to attend at the same place and time, which builds interaction and allows teachers to cater to the entire class's needs. However, it is time-consuming and involves transportation costs. In contrast, e-learning offers flexibility and accessibility - students can learn anytime and anywhere at their own pace, saving both time and money. Yet, e-learning may lack the personal touch and immediate teacher support that classroom learning provides. While e-learning suits independent learners with discipline, classroom learning benefits those needing direct guidance and peer interaction. Therefore, a hybrid approach combining both methods could provide optimal learning outcomes for diverse student needs.

Teacher's Note:
Use linking words and phrases like "however," "in contrast," "therefore," and "in addition" to connect ideas smoothly.
Compare at least two features from each type of learning with their benefits and drawbacks clearly stated.
Maintain a single, well-structured paragraph with formal vocabulary throughout.
Include specific examples like "anytime, anywhere" or "transportation costs" to strengthen your analysis.

5(b). [5 marks] Read the given details of a computer. * electronic device that can store and process information * makes life easy and simple * physical description — monitor, keyboard, CPU and mouse * computer technology used in all fields — education, medicine, commerce, entertainment Analyse the details and write an analytical paragraph in about 120 words about the description and role of computers in today's world.

Answer :

A computer is an electronic device that can store and process information efficiently, making modern life much easier and simpler than before. Physically, it consists of key components such as a monitor, keyboard, CPU, and mouse that work together to enable users to interact with the system. In addition to its physical structure, computer technology has become essential in virtually all fields of human activity. In the field of education, computers help students learn through interactive platforms and online resources. In medicine, they assist doctors in diagnosis and patient care. Furthermore, the commerce sector relies heavily on computers for business transactions and management. In contrast, the entertainment industry uses computer technology to create digital content and gaming experiences. Therefore, computers have transformed into an indispensable tool that shapes how we work, learn, and live in today's interconnected world.

Teacher's Note:
Include at least two value points from the question - focus on what computers are, their components, and their uses across fields. Use linking words like "in addition," "furthermore," "in contrast," and "therefore" to connect ideas smoothly. Maintain formal tone and check spelling, punctuation, and grammar carefully. Write as a single, well-organized paragraph with clear flow between sentences.

SECTION C

6. [5 marks] Read the following extracts and answer the questions for any one of the given two, (a) or (b) :

(a) Not a leaf remained on the trees. The corn was totally destroyed. The flowers were gone from the plants. Lencho's soul was filled with sadness. When the storm had passed, he stood in the middle of the field and said to his sons, "A plague of locusts would have left more than this. The hail has left nothing. This year we will have no corn." That night was a sorrowful one. "All our work, for nothing." "There's no one who can help us." "We'll all go hungry this year." (A Letter to God)

6(a)(i). [1 mark] Why were there no leaves left on the trees ?
(A) The locusts ate them up.
(B) An earthquake had occurred.
(C) There was a hailstorm.
(D) The animals grazed on them.

Answer : (C) There was a hailstorm.

Teacher's Note:
The passage explicitly states "The hail has left nothing" - this is the direct reason for the destroyed trees and crops. Look for signal words like "hail" or "storm" in the text. Locusts are mentioned only as a comparison, not as what actually happened. Read carefully before choosing.

6(a)(ii). [1 mark] Fill in the blank with the correct word from the brackets. Lencho felt __________ (jubilant/devastated) when he saw his destroyed corn fields.

Answer :

Lencho felt devastated when he saw his destroyed corn fields.

Teacher's Note:
The passage shows Lencho's sadness and despair - his soul "was filled with sadness" and the family says "All our work, for nothing." Devastated means extremely upset or destroyed, which matches the mood. Jubilant means happy and joyful, which is the opposite of what Lencho felt.

6(a)(iii). [2 marks] When Lencho says, "All our work, for nothing," what does he refer to ? Explain in about 40 words.

Answer :

Lencho refers to all the hard work he and his family had done in the cornfield. The hailstorm destroyed the entire crop, so all his effort and labour went to waste. He would earn nothing from the destroyed harvest and would face financial loss.

Teacher's Note:
Include both the loss of crops and the wasted labour/effort - marking scheme wants two points. Keep it factual - he lost money and the work was for nothing. Do not add details about family or future suffering beyond what's stated.

6(a)(iv). [1 mark] Why would Lencho have preferred a plague of locusts to a hailstorm ?

Answer :

With a plague of locusts, a few leaves would still remain on the plants and some crop would survive. A hailstorm, however, destroyed everything completely, leaving nothing.

Teacher's Note:
The key word is "leaves" - locusts eat leaves but the plant survives; hail destroys the whole crop. Keep it short - one mark answer. Be direct about the comparison.

OR

(b) Later, he patted me on the head and said never mind, he'd teach me to cook. He also taught me to write my name and said he would soon teach me to write whole sentences and to add numbers. I was grateful. I knew that once I could write like an educated man there would be no limit to what I could achieve. It was quite pleasant working for Anil. I made the tea in the morning and then would take my time buying the day's supplies, usually making a profit of about a rupee a day. I think he knew I made a little money this way but he did not seem to mind. (The Thief's Story)

6(b)(i). [1 mark] What does the following line tell us about the character of Anil ? "I think he knew I made a little money this way but he did not seem to mind."

Answer :

This line shows that Anil was generous and careless about money. He knew Hari Singh was making a small daily profit from buying supplies, but he chose not to object or stop him. This reveals Anil's kind and tolerant nature toward his young servant.

Teacher's Note:
Focus on Anil's generosity/kindness as the main character trait. The phrase "did not seem to mind" is crucial - it shows he was aware but unbothered. One value point is enough, but expand it naturally to one sentence or two short ones.

6(b)(ii). [1 mark] Which of the following best describes the realization Hari Singh had while working for Anil ?
(A) that he would become a rich person one day
(B) that Anil was a very intelligent master but a miser
(C) that he would be able to accomplish a lot if he gets educated
(D) that Anil made a lot of money from his job

Answer : (C) He realized education could help him achieve great things in life.

Teacher's Note:
This is about Hari Singh's personal growth moment, not about money or Anil's character.
The key word is "education" - that's what changed his thinking.
Focus on his ambition and self-improvement mindset.

6(b)(iii). [2 marks] What did Anil promise to teach Hari Singh, and how did Hari Singh feel about the opportunity to learn ? Answer in about 40 words.

Answer :

Anil promised to teach Hari Singh cooking, how to write his name, whole sentences, and how to add numbers. Hari Singh felt very grateful and hopeful about this chance to learn. He believed that once he could write like an educated man, his future would have no limits.

Teacher's Note:
Mention all four skills Anil promised: cooking, name, sentences, and numbers.
Show Hari Singh's emotional response - gratitude and hope are key.
Include his belief about what education could do for him.
Keep to around 40 words as asked.

6(b)(iv). [1 mark] Fill in the blank with the correct word from the brackets. The narrator earned extra money by making a/an ________ (profit/investment) of about a rupee a day.

Answer : profit

Teacher's Note:
The narrator made money by cheating Anil slightly in daily grocery shopping - this is a profit, not an investment.
Investment means spending money to gain something later; profit means earning money from a transaction.
The context shows he kept back small amounts from shopping money.

7. [5 marks] Read the following extracts and answer the questions for any one of the given two, (a) or (b) :

(a) "I heard an old religious man
But yesternight declare
That he had found a text to prove
That only God, my dear,
Could love you for yourself alone
And not your yellow hair." (For Anne Gregory)

7(a)(i). [1 mark] Complete the sentence appropriately : The speaker addresses the person he is speaking to as "my dear" because __________.

Answer :

The speaker uses "my dear" because it shows closeness and affection between them, suggesting a warm and familiar relationship.

Teacher's Note:
"My dear" is a term of endearment, not just a formal address / Look for words like "affection," "closeness," or "familiarity" in your answer / This phrase reveals the emotional tone of the poem / The speaker is addressing someone they have a personal bond with.

7(a)(ii). [2 marks] The poet mentions "yellow hair". What is its significance in the context of the statement ? Answer in about 40 words.

Answer :

Yellow hair represents physical beauty and youth. The poem suggests that while young people love based on outward attractiveness, God's love does not depend on such external features. True love should look beyond physical appearance.

Teacher's Note:
Keep answer within 40-45 words / Mention that it symbolizes physical beauty or youth / Contrast human love (based on appearance) with God's love (based on inner worth) / This shows the main message of the poem about different kinds of love.

7(a)(iii). [1 mark] Fill in the blank with the correct word from the brackets. The poet suggests that God's love in comparison to that of a human being is __________ (selfish/selfless).

Answer :

Selfless

Teacher's Note:
God's love is selfless because it asks nothing in return and is not based on personal gain / Human love is often selfish, tied to physical beauty or what we can get / The poem contrasts these two kinds of love / This is a direct vocabulary choice question.

7(a)(iv). [1 mark] As per the above extract, what attributes does God not love a person for ? Select the correct option.
1. Wealth 2. Physical appearance 3. Intelligence 4. Inner qualities 5. Youth
(A) 1 and 4
(B) 3, 4, and 5
(C) 2 and 4
(D) Only 4

Answer : All options are correct - 1 mark awarded to all students

Teacher's Note:
The marking scheme states 1 mark for all attempts because none of the given options fully capture the correct answer / According to the poem, God does not love based on wealth, physical appearance, youth, or intelligence / Option (C) only mentions 2 and 4, which is incomplete / This is an ambiguous question with a printing or design error.

OR

(b) He stalks in his vivid stripes
The few steps of his cage,
On pads of velvet quiet,
In his quiet rage.
He should be lurking in shadow,
Sliding through long grass (A Tiger in the Zoo)

7(b)(i). [2 marks] Identify and name any one figure of speech in the above extract.

Answer :

Figure of speech: Oxymoron

Example: "In his quiet rage" - This combines two opposite words (quiet and rage) together to show the tiger's controlled but intense anger.

OR

Figure of speech: Metaphor

Example: "Pads of velvet quiet" - The tiger's paws are compared to velvet to suggest they are soft and make no sound.

Teacher's Note:
State the name of the figure of speech clearly and give the exact phrase from the text. Explain briefly how it works - what two things are being compared or what contrast is being shown. Any one correct figure of speech with proper example and explanation gets full marks.

7(b)(ii). [1 mark] Fill in the blank with one word. The tiger's stalking on 'pads of velvet' suggests a movement that is __________ .

Answer :

Soft / Stealthy / Restrained / Smooth

Teacher's Note:
The phrase "pads of velvet" is a metaphor - velvet is soft and smooth material, so it shows the tiger moves quietly and carefully. Words like soft, stealthy, silent, or restrained all work. Any one correct word gets the mark.

7(b)(iii). [1 mark] Based on the given lines from the poem, which words would best describe the feelings of the tiger ?
(A) Calm and content
(B) Both subdued and angry
(C) Both frustrated and happy
(D) Both angry and famished

Answer : (B) Both subdued and angry - the "quiet rage" shows controlled but intense anger.

Teacher's Note:
Key phrase is "quiet rage" - quiet means subdued/controlled, rage means angry/frustrated. "Stalks" and "cage" together also suggest the tiger is trapped and frustrated. Do not choose options with "content" or "happy" as the tiger is clearly unhappy.

7(b)(iv). [1 mark] Select the option that applies the same rhyme scheme as the first four lines of the given extract.
(A) The people along the sand / All turn and look one way / They turn their back on the land / They look at the sea all day
(B) Along the sand, the people / All turn and look one way / They turn back on the sand / They look at the sea all day
(C) The people along the sand / Look one way and all turn / Their backs on the land / They look at the sea all day
(D) The people along the sand / They turn their back on the land / They look one way / At the sea all day.

Answer : (B) It follows the AABB rhyme scheme - sand/land and way/day.

Teacher's Note:
Rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming sounds at the end of lines. AABB means lines 1-2 rhyme, then lines 3-4 rhyme separately. Check the last word of each line to identify the pattern - don't be confused by meaning or line length.

8(i). [3 marks] Mijbil spent most of his time in play. Elaborate. (Mijbil the Otter)

Answer :

Mijbil spent most of his time in play by engaging in various activities. He shuffled a rubber ball like a soccer player, splashing water and dribbling it with powerful flicks of his neck. He also lay on his back and juggled small objects between his paws. He invented his own games, including playing with a ping pong ball and marbles, showing creativity and constant need for entertainment.

Teacher's Note:
The answer needs any two specific activities/examples from the text - ball shuffling, water splashing, juggling, or invented games. Use words like "splashing," "dribbling," "juggled," "invented" to show you know exactly what Mijbil did. Avoid just saying "he played" without details.

8(ii). [3 marks] What according to Rajvir was the Indian legend about the origin of tea ? (Glimpses of India – Tea from Assam)

Answer :

According to Rajvir, the Indian legend says that Bodhidharma, an ancient Buddhist ascetic, cut off his eyelids because he felt sleepy during meditation. From these eyelids, ten tea plants grew. The leaves of these plants, when put in hot water and drunk, banished sleep and kept people awake.

Teacher's Note:
Include the three key parts: who (Bodhidharma), why (fell asleep in meditation), what happened (eyelids cut off, tea plants grew, leaves prevent sleep). This is a folklore answer - state it as the legend says, not as fact. Name Bodhidharma and mention both the cutting of eyelids and the result.

8(iii). [3 marks] How did Mandela learn the meaning of courage ? (Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom)

Answer :

Mandela learned the meaning of courage from his comrades in the struggle for freedom. He witnessed them risk and give their lives for the cause. He saw them face attacks and torture without breaking down, showing strength and resilience. Through their example, he learned that courage is not the absence of fear but the ability to overcome and conquer it.

Teacher's Note:
Key phrase is "learned from comrades" - this shows courage comes from observing others, not just thinking about it. Include what he saw (risk, sacrifice, torture, standing firm). End with the definition he learned: courage means facing fear, not having no fear. Avoid making it sound like his own personal fearless moment.

8(iv). [3 marks] Why is the term 'bear hug' ironical ? (How to Tell Wild Animals)

Answer :

A bear's hug is ironic because it is not what the word usually means. When we hear "hug," we think of love, care, and affection. But a bear's hug is the opposite - it is an act of death and violence. The bear crushes its prey with all its strength to kill it, not to show love. So the term tricks us by using a word that sounds gentle and warm, but describes something brutal and deadly.

Teacher's Note:
The irony lies in the contrast between what "hug" normally suggests (affection) and what a bear's hug actually is (deadly attack).
Two points needed: the crushing/killing nature of the bear's grip, and the lack of love or care in this "hug".
Examiners look for the student to recognize and explain this contradiction clearly.

8(v). [3 marks] What changes the mood of the poet in the poem 'Dust of Snow' ?

Answer :

In "Dust of Snow," the crow shaking down dust of snow from the hemlock tree changes the poet's mood from sadness to happiness. The simple action of the snow falling on him lifts his depression and restores his spirits. This small, unexpected moment of beauty and freshness - triggered by the crow - breaks him free from his sad thoughts and leaves him feeling better for the rest of the day.

Teacher's Note:
The key is the crow's action of shaking the snow - this is the immediate cause of the mood change.
The poem shows how even tiny, natural moments can have a big emotional impact.
Words like "saves" or "lifts" or "eases" show the change from depression to joy effectively.
Don't overcomplicate - the answer is about how one small gesture transforms feeling.

9(i). [3 marks] Analyze how Herriot uses Tricki and Mrs. Pumphrey's relationship to comment on societal attitudes towards pets and the responsibilities associated with their care. (A Triumph of Surgery)

Answer :

Herriot uses Tricki and Mrs. Pumphrey to critique how pet owners often spoil their animals without thinking about the consequences. Mrs. Pumphrey overfeeds Tricki and pampers him excessively, but refuses to give him proper discipline or regular exercise. This shows how owners can harm their pets through misguided love and indulgence. Herriot suggests that real responsibility towards pets means setting boundaries and ensuring their physical health, not just showering them with treats and comfort. The story criticizes human behavior and calls for more thoughtful, disciplined pet care.

Teacher's Note:
Two points minimum: overindulgence/overfeeding by Mrs. Pumphrey, and lack of exercise/discipline for Tricki.
The story is really a comment on human behavior and attitudes, not just about the dog.
Link the pets' physical decline to the owner's irresponsibility.
Use words like "spoil," "overindulge," "lack of discipline," or "responsible ownership."

9(ii). [3 marks] Today reading books is on the decline because of the prevalence of electronic media. Contrarily, earth is saved by a 'Book' in the chapter "The Book That Saved the Earth". Elaborate.

Answer :

In "The Book That Saved the Earth," a book of nursery rhymes unexpectedly saves Earth from a Martian invasion. The aliens, lacking knowledge of human culture and language, find the book and mistake the nursery rhymes for actual historical facts and accounts of human life. They misinterpret these innocent poems as true records of Earth's violence and chaos, becoming convinced that humans are far too dangerous to invade. The very book that electronic media has supposedly made redundant becomes the shield that protects Earth. This irony shows that literature and books still hold immense power - not despite the rise of digital media, but as a timeless source of knowledge and protection that machines cannot replicate.

Teacher's Note:
The core irony: a "declining" medium (books) saves Earth, contradicting the premise that electronic media has made books obsolete.
The Martians' misreading of nursery rhymes as factual history is key to their decision not to invade.
Include both the plot point (book prevents invasion) and the larger commentary on the value of literature.
Avoid saying books are "better than" electronic media - focus on the book's unexpected and unique power.

9(iii). [3 marks] Discuss the character development of Griffin, as he grapples with the repercussions of his actions and attempts to navigate a world, where his once extraordinary abilities have become a burden. (Footprints without Feet)

Answer :

Griffin starts as a scientist driven by ambition, wanting power and control through his invisibility discovery. However, as the story progresses, he realizes his abilities have become a curse rather than a gift.

He commits many harmful acts - theft, violence, and cruelty - which reveal his moral corruption. The invisibility that once seemed extraordinary now isolates him and traps him. He cannot live a normal life, cannot show his face, cannot be part of society.

By the end, Griffin faces the consequences of his actions and moral failings. He transforms from a proud, arrogant scientist into someone hunted, desperate, and broken by his own choices. His character arc shows how the pursuit of power without ethics destroys a person.

Teacher's Note:
Examiners want evidence of Griffin's moral decline shown through his actions (theft, violence).
Focus on how his extraordinary ability became a burden and isolation.
Show understanding that he grappled with consequences, not just possessed the power.
Any two well-explained value points fetch full marks.

10. [6 marks] Amanda and Valli both represent a longing for freedom. Examine the above observation with reference to the two texts. (Amanda and Madam Rides the Bus)

OR

In 'The Ball Poem', Berryman explores the themes of loss, growing up, and transformation. Mandela also experienced loss of freedom and suffering along with his countrymen during his growing years on the basis of his race and colour. Compare and contrast the commonality of themes in both the texts. (The Ball Poem and Nelson Mandela – Long Walk to Freedom)

Answer (a) :

Both Amanda and Valli yearn for freedom, but express it differently. Amanda feels trapped by her mother's constant control and instructions - "Don't slouch," "Don't tease," endless nagging. She imagines an ideal child who obeys, revealing how dominated she feels. The poem shows that excessive control makes children frustrated and disobedient, pushing them away from real life.

Valli, an eight-year-old with no friends, is also trapped by her circumstances. She longs to explore the world beyond her village and becomes mesmerized by the bus journey to the city. Unlike Amanda who can only dream, Valli takes action - she secretly saves money for the bus fare and plans her journey carefully. She breaks free through her own determination and courage.

Both characters' desire for freedom reflects how children need space to grow and independence to discover themselves. Amanda needs her parents to trust her; Valli needs resources and opportunity to experience the world.

Answer (b) :

Both texts explore loss and suffering as part of human growth. In "The Ball Poem," a boy loses his ball, which teaches him a painful but important lesson - loss is inevitable. Berryman shows that growing up means learning to accept and bear pain, whether material loss or human loss. The boy must face the reality that life brings hardship.

In "A Long Walk to Freedom," Mandela describes a deeper loss - the loss of freedom and dignity. Black people of South Africa suffered exploitation and discrimination under white rule. Mandela's journey shows how he and his countrymen endured tremendous suffering during their formative years simply because of their race.

The key difference lies in response. The Ball Poem teaches acceptance of loss as a natural part of life. However, Mandela's text teaches us to fight against loss of freedom and human rights - not to accept them passively. While the boy in the poem learns wisdom through acceptance, Mandela learned to resist injustice and transform suffering into a movement for democracy and equality.

Teacher's Note:
(a) Include at least one point each from both texts - Amanda's controlled dream world versus Valli's active pursuit of freedom.
(a) Connect freedom-seeking to child development and emotional growth, using textual details like money-saving or the bus journey.
(b) Allocate roughly equal marks to both texts - minimum one full point each, covering loss in both personal and political/social contexts.
(b) Highlight the contrast: acceptance (The Ball Poem) versus resistance (Mandela) as responses to suffering.

11. [6 marks] What plan did Horace Danby make to rob the house at Shotover Grange ? (A Question of Trust)

OR

Were the sacrifices made by the Loisels in vain ? Justify your answer with reference to the text. (The Necklace)

Answer (a) :

Horace planned the robbery of Shotover Grange with careful detail. He had read a magazine article that described the house completely - all its rooms and the location of the safe hidden behind a painting.

For two weeks before the robbery, he studied the house thoroughly. He examined its rooms, the electric wiring, the garden paths, and even learned the dog's name to keep it calm. He gathered exact information that the two servants would be away at the movies that night.

On the day of the robbery, he came out from behind the garden wall and packed his tools carefully on his back. He wore gloves to avoid leaving fingerprints. He knew the housekeeper's habit of hanging the kitchen door key on a hook inside, so he used this knowledge to enter the house. Every step was calculated and prepared in advance - nothing was left to chance.

Answer (b) :

Yes, the sacrifices made by the Loisels were entirely in vain. Matilda borrowed a diamond necklace from her friend to wear to a ball. She lost it and, rather than confess, she and her husband bought a replacement without knowing its cost. They then spent ten long years repaying the debt of 36,000 francs.

During these years, Matilda lived miserably. She moved to a tiny attic room, did all the housework herself, bought cheap groceries, and wore plain clothes. Her husband worked exhausting extra hours as a clerk, copying documents for 5 sous a page. They both sacrificed their youth, health, and comfort for this debt.

Then, after ten years, Matilda met her friend by accident and told her the truth. The friend revealed a shocking fact: the necklace was fake - it was costume jewellery, not real diamonds. All their suffering and sacrifice to replace it had been pointless. Matilda had destroyed her own life to pay for something that was never valuable in the first place. This is why her sacrifices were completely wasted.

Teacher's Note:
(a) Three or more specific details from his planning are needed for full marks - the magazine article, the two-week study period, and the servants' schedule.
(a) Show the methodical nature of his preparation and how he gathered insider knowledge (key location, dog's name).
(b) The irony is the key point - the necklace was fake, making all the suffering meaningless.
(b) Reference the ten years of hardship and specific examples like the attic room and Mr. Loisel's copying work.

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