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संख्याओं से खेल
Exercise 6 (A)
Question 1. निम्नांकित प्रश्नों में लुप्त अंकों (अथवा बीजीय अंकों) को ज्ञात कीजिए।
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह प्रश्न लुप्त अंकों को ज्ञात करने से संबंधित है जिसमें विभिन्न गणितीय संक्रियाओं जैसे जोड़, घटाना, गुणा और भाग के उदाहरण दिए गए हैं। प्रत्येक उपभाग में, एक या अधिक संख्याएँ अज्ञात हैं, जिन्हें एक खाली बॉक्स द्वारा दर्शाया गया है, और छात्रों को सही अंक ज्ञात करके संक्रिया को पूरा करना है।
(i) 2
+ 8
+95
186
Answer: उत्तर - पहली लाइन में 3
दूसरी लाइन में 6
(ii) 88
+905
+12
2400
Answer: उत्तर - पहली लाइन में 3
तीसरी लाइन में 6
(iii) 72
+69
+18
1702
Answer: उत्तर - पहली लाइन में 5
दूसरी लाइन में 5
तीसरी लाइन में 3
(iv) 87
-2
58
Answer: उत्तर - दूसरी लाइन में 9
(v) 45
-281
194
Answer: उत्तर - पहली लाइन में 7
(vi) 672
-25
87
Answer: उत्तर - पहली लाइन में 8
तीसरी लाइन में 3.
(vii) 68
X
612
Answer: उत्तर - दूसरी लाइन में 0
(viii) 93
X7
2511
Answer: उत्तर - दूसरी लाइन में 2
(ix) 872
X3
30520
Answer: उत्तर - दूसरी लाइन में 5
(x) \(2 \boxed{8} 216\)
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यहाँ एक भागफल के साथ भाग की संक्रिया दी गई है, जहाँ भाजक 2 है और भाज्य 2216 है, और बीच में एक अंक लुप्त है। इसका उत्तर इस प्रकार होगा:
\(2 \overline{) 216}\)
उत्तर: लुप्त अंक 1 है।
(xi) \(42 \overline{) 886}\)
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक भाग संक्रिया है जहाँ भाजक 42 है और भाज्य 886 है, लेकिन भागफल और शेषफल में अंक लुप्त हैं। इसका उत्तर इस प्रकार होगा:
\(42 \overline{) 886}\)
उत्तर: भागफल में पहला अंक 2 है और शेषफल 4 है।
(xii) \(7 \overline{) 907}\)
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक भाग संक्रिया है जिसमें भाजक 7 है, भाज्य 907 है, और भागफल तथा शेषफल में अंक लुप्त हैं। इसका उत्तर इस प्रकार होगा:
\(7 \overline{) 907}\)
उत्तर: भागफल में पहला अंक 1 है और शेषफल 19 है, शेषफल में अंतिम अंक 4 है।In simple words: This question requires you to fill in the missing digits in various arithmetic problems like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division to complete the operations correctly. You need to apply basic arithmetic rules and logical deduction to find the unknown numbers.
🎯 Exam Tip: For problems with missing digits, work column by column, starting from the rightmost digit, and use inverse operations (e.g., if sum is given, subtract known numbers to find the missing one). Pay close attention to carries and borrows in addition/subtraction.
Question 2. ज्ञात कीजिए कि 828, 2340, 38046, 77514, 893408 और 100116 में कौन-सी संख्या 3 से विभाज्य नर्स है?
Answer: 893408 (क्योंकि इसके अंकों को जोड़, 32 जो विभाज्य नहीं है।)In simple words: To check if a number is divisible by 3, add all its digits. If the sum of the digits is divisible by 3, then the number itself is divisible by 3. For 893408, the sum of its digits (8+9+3+4+0+8 = 32) is not divisible by 3, so 893408 is not divisible by 3.
🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the divisibility rule for 3: A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. This is a quick mental math shortcut for identifying divisibility.
Question 3. उपर्युक्त प्रश्न (2) में कौन-सी संख्याएँ 9 से विभाज्य है?
Answer: 828, 2340, 100116In simple words: To check divisibility by 9, sum the digits of each number. If the sum is divisible by 9, the number is divisible by 9. For the given numbers, 828 (8+2+8=18), 2340 (2+3+4+0=9), and 100116 (1+0+0+1+1+6=9) all have sums divisible by 9.
🎯 Exam Tip: The divisibility rule for 9 is similar to that for 3: a number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9. All numbers divisible by 9 are also divisible by 3, but not vice-versa.
Question 4. निम्नांकित संख्याओं में से 7, 11 और 13 से विभाज्य संख्याओं को छाँटकर अलग-अलग कीजिए ।
329623,63271,492895,25179,38632,96283, 25137
Answer: 7 से विभाज्य संख्याएँ 329623,25179,25137 11 से विभाज्य संख्याएँ 38632,25179,96283 13 से विभाज्य संख्याएँ 63271,492895In simple words: To check divisibility by 7, 11, or 13, you can use specific rules or direct division. For 7, repeatedly subtract twice the last digit from the remaining number. For 11, find the difference between the sum of digits at odd places and the sum of digits at even places. For 13, repeatedly add four times the last digit to the remaining number.
🎯 Exam Tip: Practice divisibility rules for 7, 11, and 13. While direct division is always an option, knowing these rules can save time in competitive exams. For 11, the alternating sum of digits is a common method.
Question 5. निम्नांकित संख्याओं में 5 से भाग देने पर शेषफल ज्ञात कीजिए ।
8034, 97446, 85405, 83560
Answer: शेषफल 4,1, 0 तथा 0In simple words: A number's remainder when divided by 5 is simply its last digit if it's less than 5, or (last digit - 5) if it's 5 or greater. So, for numbers ending in 4, 6, 5, and 0, the remainders are 4, 1, 0, and 0 respectively.
🎯 Exam Tip: The divisibility rule for 5 states that a number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5. Otherwise, the remainder is the last digit itself, or the last digit minus 5 if the last digit is greater than 5.
Question 6. 305 का वर्ग मत कीजिए।
Answer: \(30(30 + 1) 25 = 93025\)In simple words: This appears to be a method for squaring numbers ending in 5. If a number is of the form \(10n+5\), its square is \(100n(n+1) + 25\). For 305, n=30, so the square is found by multiplying 30 by (30+1) and appending 25, which gives 93025.
🎯 Exam Tip: Learn shortcuts for squaring numbers ending in 5. This method is often presented as multiplying the tens digit (or number formed by digits preceding 5) by one more than itself, and then appending 25 to the result.
Question 7. क्या 722722 के अपवर्तक 7, 11 और 13 हैं?
Answer: हाँ।In simple words: A number of the form abcabc (where a, b, c are digits) is always divisible by 7, 11, and 13. Since 722722 fits this pattern, it is indeed divisible by 7, 11, and 13.
🎯 Exam Tip: Numbers of the form 'abcabc' are always divisible by 7, 11, and 13 (and hence by their product, 1001). This is a useful property to remember for quick divisibility checks.
Question 8. एक संख्या 576 है। इसमें से इसके अंकों का योगफल घटा देते हैं। बताइए कि अन्तरफल 9 को कितने गुना है?
Answer: संख्या के अंकों का योग = \(5+7+6=18\)
\(576-18=558\)
\(558 \div 9=62\)In simple words: We first find the sum of the digits of 576, which is 18. Then, we subtract this sum from the original number: 576 - 18 = 558. Finally, we divide the result by 9 to find out how many times 9 is contained in the difference, which is 62.
🎯 Exam Tip: A number minus the sum of its digits is always divisible by 9. This property can be used as a quick check for calculations involving digit sums and differences.
Question 9. एक संख्या \(\boxed{x}\) 46 है। जहाँ \(\boxed{x}\) बीजीय अंक है। इसके अंक को उलट कर प्राप्त होने वाली . संख्या को मूल संख्या से घटाने पर 297 प्राप्त होता है। \(\boxed{x}\) का मान ज्ञात कीजिए।
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक तीन-अंकीय संख्या से संबंधित समस्या है जहाँ मध्य अंक अज्ञात (\(\boxed{x}\)) है। जब संख्या के अंकों को पलटा जाता है और नई संख्या को मूल संख्या से घटाया जाता है, तो परिणाम 297 मिलता है। दिए गए घटाव के प्रारूप को देखने पर, हम अज्ञात अंक का मान प्राप्त करते हैं।
मूल संख्या \(\boxed{x}\) 46
अंक पलटने पर प्राप्त संख्या 64 \(\boxed{x}\)
प्रश्नानुसार
मूल संख्या - नई संख्या = 297
\[
\begin{array}{r}
\boxed{x}46 \\
-64\boxed{x} \\
\hline
297 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\]
या
हल करने पर पहली पंक्ति में 9 तथा तीसरी पंक्ति 9 अंक होगा।
\(\boxed{x}\) अंक का मान 9In simple words: The original number is \(100x + 40 + 6 = 100x + 46\). The reversed number is \(600 + 40 + x = 640 + x\). According to the problem, \((100x + 46) - (640 + x) = 297\). Simplifying this equation will give the value of \(x\). Or, by analyzing the subtraction, if the units digit is 6 and the result's units digit is 7, then \(6 - x\) must involve borrowing. If \(16 - x = 7\), then \(x=9\).
🎯 Exam Tip: For problems involving digit manipulation, represent the numbers using place values (e.g., a three-digit number 'abc' is \(100a + 10b + c\)). This makes setting up algebraic equations straightforward. For subtraction problems like this, analyze each column, considering borrowing and carrying.
Question 10. 2 अथवा 5 से विभाज्य 1 से 100 तक के पूर्णाकों का योग होगा।
(क) 2550
(ख) 3050
(ग) 3550
(घ) 3600
Answer: (ख) 3050In simple words: To find the sum of integers from 1 to 100 divisible by 2 or 5, we use the principle of inclusion-exclusion. Sum of numbers divisible by 2 + Sum of numbers divisible by 5 - Sum of numbers divisible by both 2 and 5 (i.e., by 10). The sum of an arithmetic series is \(n/2 \times (first + last)\).
🎯 Exam Tip: When dealing with sums of numbers divisible by 'A' or 'B', always use the Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion: Sum(A or B) = Sum(A) + Sum(B) - Sum(A and B). Here, 'A and B' means numbers divisible by the LCM of A and B.
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Free UP Board Textbook Explanations: Class 8 Maths Chapter 06 संख्याओं से खेल
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