UP Board Solutions Class 10 Computer Science Chapter 3 Network LAN and WAN

Network: LAN And WAN Long Answer Type Questions (8 Marks)

 

Question 1. What is a Computer Network? What are its different types? Or What is LAN and what is WAN? Or What is meant by the following: (i) LAN (ii) WAN. Or Explain WAN. Or Explain different types of Networks. Or What is topology in a computer network? Write their types.
Answer: When computers and other devices such as printer are connected to each other through a medium then this arrangement is called network. A network provides the facility for communicating data and information between different departments in an organization. Computerization of banks is an example of this. Another important advantage of networking is that it allows resources such as a printer, scanner, modem etc. to be shared among all the systems connected to the network.

Computer networks provide many services besides travel reservations and financial transactions, but these applications show two important features of computer networks:

• They provide shared access to information, such as account balances or airline flight status.
• They allow the movement of data, such as flight status updates, or financial transfers.

Advantages of Networking: Networking serves four important purposes:

1. Resource Sharing: It allows departments to share hardware e.g. if there is only one laser printer in a company then networking allows each department's computer to use this laser printer.
2. Reliability: A file can have copies on two or three different machines, so if one of them is unavailable (hardware crash), the other copies could be used.
3. Cost factor: A computer network saves time.
4. Communication Medium: Using a network, it is possible for 3 managers, working far apart, to prepare a financial report of the company.

Functions of a Computer Network: A networked computer can do many things which a standalone computer cannot do:

1. Share a single copy of a file among all the users, even simultaneously.
2. Transfer files from computer to computer or from one computer to the shared hard-disk on the server.
3. Share computer resources like printer, all types of disks and drives, modems, fax machines, scanners etc.
4. Share applications even of the entire network, thus, reducing the cost of purchasing. A multi-user license costs much less than buying a standalone license for each user.
5. Use e-mail for internal communications, inter-office notes etc., creating an almost paperless office.

Components used in a Computer Network: A network is a combination of different components. The most essential components of a single network are:

1. Servers: Servers are the faster computers to run different software/ programs, store and process information and to provide a human interface of the users to be able to use the networked computers.
2. Nodes: Nodes are the computers on the Network which are provided to the users to carry out their tasks using the network.
3. LAN Cable: This is the medium over which the information travels from computer to computer.
4. Network Operating System: It is used to control the movement of information on the network.
5. Network Interface Card: This is used to connect the cables to the computers.

Types of Networks: Networks can be classified as follows: (1) Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN is a system of interlinked personal computers in a localized area, typically under 1 km across. LANs normally operate within a compact area such as an office building or a campus owned by the using organization. The configuration of a LAN can be a star, a ring or; simple devices attached along a length of cable. In LAN, transmission channels used are coaxial or fibre optic cable and special interface units rather than telephone lines and modems. Thus, the transmission speed is very high. The attached computers may be of different types and performing a variety of functions such as data processing, word processing and electronic mail. There are two main advantages of LAN: One is resource sharing and another is communication.

Characteristics of LAN: Following are the characteristics of LAN Nodes are located in a relatively limited geographic area (less than 15 miles).

1. Owned by a single organization.
2. Usually decentralized control.
3. High data rate.
4. Low error rate.
5. Inexpensive transmission medium (e.g., coaxial).
6. Maintenance is easy.

(2) Wide Area Network (WAN): When the network of computers is spread throughout the country or in the entire world then such a network is called Wide Area Network. Several LANs are connected to form a WAN. WAN provides communication services to a large geographic area (100's to 1000's of km). Communication on a WAN takes place via telephone lines, satellite or microwave links, rather than through a physical cable.

ARPANET of the Advanced Research Project Agency of the U.S. Department of Defence is an example of WAN. Characteristics of WAN: Following are the characteristics of WAN:

1. Nodes are found over a much wider area.
2. Usually used by several different organizations.
3. Often access regulated public or private communication systems.
4. Frequently used for large database access by users over telephone lines.
5. Example - INFONET (Computer Science Corporation).

(3) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): In between LAN and WAN is the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN). A MAN is a network that covers an entire city but uses LAN technology. Cable television networks are an example of MANs distributing television signals. The MANs we are interested in, carry information in the form of computer signals from one computer to another. Characteristics of MAN: Following are the characteristics of MAN

1. Nodes are located in wider areas (generally connects the cities).
2. Owned by big organizations (Government, semi-government or big private organizations).
3. The data rate is slow as compared to LAN.
4. The error rate is high as compared to LAN.
4. Expensive.
5. Maintenance is not easy.

In simple words: A computer network connects computers and devices to share data and resources like printers. LANs cover small areas with high speed, WANs cover large areas over long distances, and MANs span a city.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the core definitions and key differences between LAN, WAN, and MAN is crucial for scoring well. Be prepared to list advantages and characteristics of each.

 

Question 2. What is the internet? What are its tools or applications? Or Write a short note on 'Application of the Internet'. Or Describe in brief Internet.
Answer: In this age of Information Technology, the Internet is of great importance. Use of the Internet is increasing day by day. Today, the Internet has become a tool of communication. Internet is an interconnection between millions of computers of different types belonging to various networks all over the globe. It is a network of networks.

Internet is an information highway. You can get any kind of information ranging from movies to sports, politics to streets, science to arts, news and much more. You can talk to a person sitting in any part of the world. It is more popular in youngsters to a chat. Internet means different things to different people. It is:

• a global community of computer users.
• an enormous library of information.
• a vast communication network.
• a way to store a common body of knowledge.
• fun to visit.

Application of Internet: Application of the Internet is the following: 1. E-mail: The most commonly used facility of the Internet is E-mail. Users can get E-mail account by signing on websites providing free E-mail facility, e.g., indiatimes.com, hotmail.com, yahoo.com, rediff.com etc. or paid facility. With a message, we can attach a greeting card or a useful document. Hotmail (www.hotmail. com) is the first company to start E-mail service for business. It was developed by an NRI Sabeer Bhatia. After its great success, Microsoft bought it for 7 million dollars.

2. Telenet: Using this facility, one can use another computer connected to the Internet, even while sitting at home and can use the resources available at that end. This facility is widely used by research institutions to connect to the supercomputer to use their processing power for scientific researches, weather forecasting.

3. File transfer facility: One can copy the files from different computer users connected by using telnet. We have a set of utility software, which helps us to find the computers to which computers are connected to like Archie, Gopher, Veronika etc. They keep track of the information stored on various computer parts of the Internet.

4. WWW: World Wide Web is a section of the Internet, where related files are interlinked. This facility is similar to a magazine which consists of web 'sites' (Topics) and web pages through which one can get information about different topics.

5. FTP: File transfer protocol transfers the file from one location to another location.

6. URL: Uniform resource locator is a tool, which helps you to locate the files you want.

7. Gopher: This is the Internet tool which makes it easy to get the information from different libraries and servers.

8. E-commerce: It is the facility of doing business through the Internet. E-commerce is helpful in doing business worldwide while sitting in remote locations. Now, by using E-commerce facilities, one can transfer money faster, order goods and generate more information about products faster. It is the platform for buyers and sellers.

In simple words: The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers, serving as an information highway. Its applications include email, file transfer, the World Wide Web, and e-commerce, making it a vital tool for communication and data access.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define the Internet and be able to list at least 3-5 of its major applications, such as email, WWW, and file transfer, with a brief description of each.

 

Question 3. What is Network Topology? What are the different types of network topology?
Answer: Meaning of Network Topology: The topology of a network is the structure defined by the interconnection scheme. This structure can be viewed as a graph with vertices representing the switching nodes and the branches representing the transmission channels. The choice of topology involves many interrelated factors:

1. Expected traffic.
2. Routing method.
3. Channel capacity.
4. Cost.

Types of Network Topology: The various topologies are

1. Mesh Topology
2. Ring Topology
3. Bus Topology
4. Tree Topology
5. Star Topology.

1. Mesh Topology: In this type of structure, each node is directly connected to every other node. Each device has a point-to-point link with each other device. This topology provides alternative routes between nodes. A very large wire length is required and cost may become too high to be justified. Public and private data communication networks use this kind of topology. It is also known as fully connected topology.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक मेश टोपोलॉजी को दर्शाता है, जहाँ नेटवर्क में प्रत्येक कंप्यूटर या 'नोड' अन्य सभी नोड्स से सीधे जुड़ा हुआ है। प्रत्येक नोड से अन्य सभी नोड्स तक कई कनेक्शन होते हैं, जिससे डेटा के लिए कई पथ उपलब्ध होते हैं।

2. Ring Topology: In this topology, the host computer and workstation are connected in series forming a complete ring for data communication. The links are unidirectional (clockwise/anticlockwise). It is economical and no collision of data takes place between two workstations. The problem arises while adding new devices in the networking series. It is used in LANs.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक रिंग टोपोलॉजी को दर्शाता है, जहाँ कंप्यूटर और वर्कस्टेशन एक बंद लूप में एक-दूसरे से श्रृंखला में जुड़े हुए हैं। डेटा एक दिशा में (जैसे दक्षिणावर्त या वामावर्त) एक नोड से दूसरे नोड तक यात्रा करता है, जिससे एक वृत्ताकार नेटवर्क बनता है।

3. Bus Topology: In this kind of structure, there is no central host computer. There is a single data cable which is shared by the workstations. It allows flexible networking as devices can be easily attached. It is economical because the single cable is involved but the possibility of data collision occurs.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक बस टोपोलॉजी को प्रदर्शित करता है, जहाँ सभी कंप्यूटर एक सामान्य केंद्रीय केबल से जुड़े होते हैं। डेटा इस साझा केबल के माध्यम से यात्रा करता है, और प्रत्येक कंप्यूटर केबल पर भेजे गए डेटा को सुन सकता है।

4. Tree Topology: It is also known as hierarchical or vertical network. There may be more than one central nodes as it follows tree-like architecture. If one centre fails, the network can continue to be partially operational. This kind of structure is used in remote access networks.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक ट्री टोपोलॉजी को दर्शाता है, जहाँ नेटवर्क एक पेड़ जैसी संरचना में व्यवस्थित होता है जिसमें एक केंद्रीय हब होता है जिससे अन्य हब या नोड्स शाखाओं में जुड़े होते हैं। यह एक पदानुक्रमित संरचना बनाता है जहाँ कई स्तर के कनेक्शन होते हैं।

5. Star Topology: In this, different workstations are connected by cables with the centrally located host computer known as server or HUB. The server is responsible for routing traffic and fault isolation. The failure of workstation does not affect structure, but a failure of the centrally located host computer, HUB causes a complete breakdown of the communication network.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक स्टार टोपोलॉजी को दर्शाता है, जहाँ सभी कंप्यूटर एक केंद्रीय डिवाइस, जैसे हब या सर्वर, से सीधे जुड़े होते हैं। प्रत्येक कंप्यूटर का हब से एक समर्पित लिंक होता है, जिससे सभी संचार केंद्रीय बिंदु के माध्यम से होते हैं।In simple words: Network topology refers to the physical or logical layout of connected devices in a network. Common types include Mesh (every node connected to every other), Ring (nodes form a closed loop), Bus (all nodes share a single cable), Tree (hierarchical structure), and Star (all nodes connect to a central hub).

🎯 Exam Tip: You must be able to define network topology and describe at least three different types with their basic characteristics or a simple diagram for each. Focus on their advantages and disadvantages.

 

Question 4. Differentiate between LAN and WAN. Or Compare LAN and WAN.
Answer: The main differences between LAN and WAN are:

1. A LAN is restricted to the limited geographical coverage of a few kilometres but a WAN can be spread throughout the country or the entire world.
2. The cost of transmitting data in LAN is negligible since the transmission medium is usually owned by the user organization. However, in the case of WAN, this cost may be very high because the transmission medium used are leased lines or public systems such as telephone lines, microwaves and satellite links.
3. In LAN, the computers, terminals and peripheral devices are physically connected with wires and coaxial cables. Whereas, in WAN, there may not be a direct connection between various computers.
4. Data transmission speed is much higher in LAN as compared to WAN. Transmission speed in LANs is 0.1 to 100 megabits per second. On the other hand, in WAN, the data transmission speed is normally of the order of 1800 to 9600 bits per second. LANs are less error-prone as compared to WANs. Since in a LAN, distance covered by data is limited, less error occurs in LAN.

In simple words: LAN (Local Area Network) covers a small area like an office with high speed and low cost, while WAN (Wide Area Network) covers vast geographic regions using slower, more expensive public lines with higher error rates.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on distinguishing LAN and WAN based on geographical area, data transmission speed, ownership of infrastructure, and typical cost. Provide specific examples to illustrate.

 

Question 5. What is www? What is ‘web-server'? What are web pages?
Answer: www (world wide web) is a section of the internet where related files are interlinked. This facility is similar to a magazine which consists of web 'sites' and web pages through which one can get information about different topics, www is a vast ocean of information. Information regarding almost every topic, place, country, etc. is available on it. Actually, the information about different topics and places is stored on bigger and efficient computers which provide this information to other connected computers. These computers with better efficiency are called 'web-servers'. Almost every country has its own web-server which stores the information about that country and these servers are connected to each other to share their information and provide it to the other connected computers.

The page on which information is written on www is called web pages. These web pages are designed by skilled web designers and then launched on www. The collection of web pages related to someplace or topic is called web site. There are different types of sites available on www like:

• .com - commercial sites
• .edu - educational sites
• .mil - military sites, etc.
• .gov - government sites
• .net - networking sites

There are different search engines available on the Internet which work as an interface between www and internet user because they are helpful in searching the sites related to any topic.

In simple words: The WWW (World Wide Web) is a collection of interlinked documents and other web resources, forming a vast information space. A web server is a computer that stores and delivers web pages, which are individual documents or pages on the WWW, to users on demand.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define WWW, web-server, and web pages clearly. Be sure to explain their interrelationship and list common domain extensions like .com, .edu, and .gov.

 

Network: LAN And WAN Short Answer Type Questions (4 Marks)

 

Question 1. What do you mean by the server?
Answer: Servers are the faster computers to run different software/ programs, store and process information and to provide a human interface of the users to be able to use the networked computers. They are of two types:

1. Dedicated Server: It makes the information available for other computers of the network.
2. Non-dedicated Server: It works as both service provider as well as the client.

In simple words: A server is a powerful computer providing resources, data, and services to other computers (clients) over a network. Dedicated servers solely provide services, while non-dedicated servers can also act as clients.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define what a server is and differentiate between dedicated and non-dedicated servers with a brief explanation of each.

 

Question 2. What do you mean by Letter Addressing System?
Answer: Letter Addressing System. An example of a letter address is www.microsoft.com. which is the website of Microsoft Corporation? Last three letters of an address are of extension, which indicates the kind of service provided by that domain. Following table shows a list of most commonly used extensions.

The letters addressing system also uses country codes comprising two letters. Examples of country codes are .in for India, .ca for Canada, .au for Australia. This letter addressing system is also called the Domain Naming System (DNS).

In simple words: The Letter Addressing System, also known as Domain Naming System (DNS), uses extensions like .com, .edu, or country codes like .in to identify the type and location of a website. These extensions indicate the domain's purpose or geographic origin.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the purpose of domain name extensions and be able to provide examples of common ones along with their meanings. Mention its alternate name, DNS.

 

Question 3. What are the advantages of the Internet?
Answer: Internet is an Information Highway and it has enormous advantages, few of them are as follows:

1. Information can be transferred from one place to another.
2. One can talk to a person sitting in any part' of the world.
3. Lots of facilities available for entertainment like games, movies, online programs, etc.
4. One can do business on the internet and this facility is known as E-commerce.
5. One can get information on any topic regarding education.
6. One can search for a job.
7. Marriages can be settled through the internet.
8. It is a great time and money saver.
9. One can maintain his bank account through the internet
10. Billings and reservations can be done using the internet.
11. News, live matches, concerts, etc. can be seen through the internet.

In simple words: The Internet offers numerous benefits, including global communication, access to vast information, entertainment, e-commerce, and the ability to manage finances and find jobs, saving both time and money.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be prepared to list at least five significant advantages of the Internet, focusing on how it facilitates communication, information access, and various online services.

 

Question 4. Differentiate between Protocol and Topology.
Answer: Difference between Protocol and Topology

In simple words: A protocol is a set of rules governing how data is exchanged in a network, ensuring smooth communication. Topology, on the other hand, describes the physical or logical arrangement of network components, defining the network's structure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define both protocol and topology. The key distinction lies in protocols being rules for communication and topology being the physical or logical layout of the network.

 

Question 5. What is a Bus Topology? Explain its advantages and disadvantages.
Answer: Bus Topology: BUS Topology consists of a common channel over which data packets can be transmitted, either to a specific destination or in the broadcast mode. It allows flexible networking as devices can be easily attached. It is economical because a single cable is involved. Advantages: There are the following advantages of Bus Topology:

• New nodes can be added easily, and all nodes can communicate directly with any other node on the bus.
• Data packets from one station can be received by all other stations.

Disadvantages: There are the following disadvantages of Bus Topology:

• Since all the stations share the channel, only one station can transmit at any one time.
• Possibility of data collision.

In simple words: Bus topology connects all devices to a single central cable, allowing easy addition of nodes and direct communication. However, only one station can transmit at a time, leading to potential data collisions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to define Bus Topology, list at least two advantages (e.g., ease of adding nodes, cost-effectiveness), and two disadvantages (e.g., single point of failure if the bus breaks, data collisions).

 

Network: LAN And WAN Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks)

 

Question 1. Write an example of LAN?
Answer: ARPANET is an example of a LAN.

In simple words: ARPANET, an early packet-switching network, is an example of a LAN, demonstrating how networks can be established.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember ARPANET as a classic example when asked for a LAN example, especially for historical context.

 

Question 2. In which topology, all workstations are connected to a central computer?
Answer: In star topology, all workstations are connected to a central computer.

In simple words: In a star topology, every workstation connects directly to a central hub or server, which manages all communication.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall that the key feature of a star topology is its central connection point for all devices.

 

Question 3. What is the login process?
Answer: The logging process is used to track what action the user has taken while connected to the site.

In simple words: The login process verifies a user's identity and initiates a session, allowing the system to track user activities and grant access to personalized content or services.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the purpose of login as authentication and activity tracking within a system or site.

 

Question 4. Discuss Search Engines.
Answer: It is a facility which allows us to navigate various sites available on www by simply stating its name.

In simple words: Search engines are web tools that help users find information on the World Wide Web by entering keywords and then returning relevant website links.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know that search engines are essential tools for finding information on the internet, acting as an index for the vast amount of web content.

 

Question 5. What is the data transmission speed of WAN?
Answer: The data transmission speed of WAN is 1800 to 9600 bits per second.

In simple words: WANs typically have slower data transmission speeds, ranging from 1800 to 9600 bits per second, compared to LANs due to the longer distances and varied transmission mediums involved.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that WAN speeds are generally much lower than LAN speeds, due to the larger geographical coverage and shared or leased lines used.

 

Question 6. Name the network developed for interlinking U.S. scientific and academic researches.
Answer: ARPANET.

In simple words: ARPANET was the pioneering network established to connect scientific and academic research institutions in the U.S., forming the foundation for modern internetworking.

🎯 Exam Tip: ARPANET is a crucial historical reference for the development of computer networks, especially in academic and scientific contexts.

 

Question 7. Name the device which provides information through Internet services.
Answer: Server/Host Computer.

In simple words: Servers or host computers are the primary devices that store and deliver information and services to users connected to the Internet.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that servers are the backbone of information delivery on the internet, hosting websites and providing various services.

 

Question 8. Which service is used to locate files that are publicly accessible by FTP?
Answer: Archie.

In simple words: Archie is a search engine for FTP sites, used to locate files that are publicly available for transfer via the File Transfer Protocol.

🎯 Exam Tip: Archie is a historical but important service to know, specifically for locating files on FTP servers.

 

Question 9. Draw figure of Ring Topology?
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक रिंग टोपोलॉजी को दर्शाता है, जहाँ कई कंप्यूटर एक वृत्ताकार फैशन में एक-दूसरे से जुड़े होते हैं। प्रत्येक कंप्यूटर अपने पड़ोसी से जुड़ा होता है, और डेटा एक दिशा में इस लूप के चारों ओर यात्रा करता है।In simple words: Ring topology connects devices in a circular fashion, where each device is linked to its immediate neighbors, forming a closed loop for data transmission.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to draw, ensure the diagram clearly shows devices connected in a circular path, indicating the flow of data in one direction around the ring.

 

Question 10. Which language is used in designing the web page?
Answer: HTML.

In simple words: HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the fundamental language used to structure and design web pages, defining elements like headings, paragraphs, and links.

🎯 Exam Tip: HTML is the foundational language for web page creation; knowing its full form and function is key.

 

Network: LAN And WAN Objective Type Questions (1 Marks)

There are four alternative answers for each part of the questions. Select the correct one and write in your answer book:

 

Question 1. SNA was the first computer network developed by:
(a) IBM
(b) HCL
(c) CMC
(d) None of these.
Answer: (a) IBM

In simple words: SNA (Systems Network Architecture) was IBM's proprietary networking architecture, making IBM the developer of the first computer network in this context.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that IBM developed SNA, which was an early and influential computer network architecture.

 

Question 2. Peer to Peer Network found in offices and schools is also known as :
(a) Server Network
(b) Workgroup Network
(c) Hybrid Network
(d) None of these.
Answer: (b) Workgroup Network

In simple words: A Peer-to-Peer network, where devices share resources directly without a central server, is often referred to as a Workgroup Network in office and school settings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate Peer-to-Peer networks, common in smaller office/school environments, with the term Workgroup Network.

 

Question 3. Communication on a WAN takes place via
(a) Satellite
(b) Microwave links
(c) Telephone
(d) All of the above.
Answer: (d) All of the above.

In simple words: WAN communication utilizes various technologies like satellite, microwave links, and telephone lines to span vast geographical distances.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that WANs use diverse long-distance communication methods, including satellite, microwave, and telephone lines, to cover broad areas.

 

Question 4. In which topology, HUB is used:
(a) Internet
(b) Star topology
(c) Ring topology
(d) Bus topology.
Answer: (b) Star topology

In simple words: A hub is a central device to which all nodes connect in a star topology, facilitating communication between them.

🎯 Exam Tip: A hub or switch is the defining central component of a star topology.

 

Question 5. Which topology is restricted to building office:
(a) LAN
(b) MAN
(c) WAN
(d) BUS.
Answer: (a) LAN

In simple words: LAN (Local Area Network) is a network type designed to operate within a limited geographical area, typically confined to a single building or office.

🎯 Exam Tip: LANs are defined by their localized scope, typically within a single building or small campus.

 

Question 6. In which communication network, the satellite is used:
(a) LAN
(b) MAN
(c) WAN
(d) Internet
Answer: (c) WAN

In simple words: Satellites are primarily used in WANs (Wide Area Networks) to enable communication across vast geographical distances, often spanning countries or continents.

🎯 Exam Tip: Satellite communication is characteristic of WANs due to their ability to cover very long distances and remote areas.

 

Question 7. Indonet is developed by:
(a) IBM
(b) CMC
(c) HCL
(d) None of these.
Answer: (b) CMC

In simple words: Indonet, one of India's first public data networks, was developed by CMC Limited.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember CMC as the developer of Indonet, an important early network in India.

 

Question 8. Through computer network we can share:
(a) Hardware resources
(b) Software application
(c) Printer
(d) All the above.
Answer: (d) All the above.

In simple words: Computer networks enable sharing of all types of resources, including physical hardware like printers, software applications, and data, among connected users.

🎯 Exam Tip: A fundamental advantage of networking is resource sharing, which includes hardware, software, and data.

 

Question 9. A link that takes you to a different part of the same page:
(a) URL
(b) Anchor
(c) Hyperlink
(d) Quicklink.
Answer: (b) Anchor

In simple words: An anchor link, often used within a web page, allows users to jump to a specific section or part of that same page.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that while all anchors are hyperlinks, an "anchor" specifically refers to a link within the same document.

 

Question 10. Who governs the Internet as a whole?
(a) USA
(b) Australia
(c) India
(d) None of these.
Answer: (d) None of these.

In simple words: The Internet is not governed by a single entity or country but by a decentralized network of organizations, standards bodies, and protocols.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Internet's governance is distributed; no single country or organization holds complete control.

 

Question 11. Which software do you need to access www?
(a) Gopher
(b) Archie
(c) Winsock
(d) Browser.
Answer: (d) Browser.

In simple words: A web browser is the essential software application used to access, retrieve, and view information from the World Wide Web.

🎯 Exam Tip: Browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox) are indispensable for navigating and interacting with the WWW.

 

Question 12. What is a Web Browser?
(a) Memory card
(b) Software program
(c) Modem
(d) Compiler.
Answer: (b) Software program

In simple words: A web browser is a software program that allows users to access and display content available on the World Wide Web.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly identify a web browser as an application software program designed for internet access.

 

Question 13. On which topology is the satellite transmission based.
(a) Ring
(b) Bus
(c) Star
(d) Tree.
Answer: (c) Star

In simple words: Satellite transmission often utilizes a star topology, with a central hub (ground station) communicating with multiple remote terminals (VSATs) via the satellite.

🎯 Exam Tip: Satellite communication systems typically employ a star topology, with a central earth station or hub managing communication with various remote terminals.