Samacheer Kalvi Class 9 Science Solutions Chapter 27 Hardware and Software

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. Find out the part which is not found in CPU?
(a) Mother Board
(b) SMPS
(c) RAM
(d) Mouse
Answer: (d) Mouse
In simple words: The CPU has parts like the Motherboard, SMPS, and RAM inside it. A mouse is an external device that you connect to the computer, not something found inside the CPU itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to differentiate between internal computer components (like CPU, RAM) and external peripheral devices (like mouse, keyboard) when identifying parts.

 

Question 2. Which of the following is correct?
(a) Free and Open source
(b) Free and Traditional software
(c) Passive and Open source
(d) Passive and Traditional source
Answer: (a) Free and Open source
In simple words: Software can be either "Free" (meaning you don't pay) and "Open source" (meaning you can see and change its code). These two qualities often go together.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the key terms: "Free" usually means free of cost, while "Open Source" means the code is available for anyone to view and modify.

 

Question 3. LINUX is a
(a) Paid Software
(b) Licensed Software
(c) Free and Proprietary software
(d) Free and Open source software
Answer: (d) Free and Open source software
In simple words: Linux is a special kind of operating system that anyone can use for free, and they can also look at or change its original code. It is a popular example of collaborative software development.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember Linux as a prime example when asked about free and open-source software, as it is widely used and developed by a community.

 

Question 4. Find out the Paid and Proprietary software from the given list
(a) Windows
(b) MAC OS
(c) Adobe photoshop
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options
In simple words: Windows, MAC OS, and Adobe Photoshop are all types of software you typically have to pay for to use legally, and their underlying code is usually kept private by the company. This means they are both paid and proprietary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Paid software requires a purchase or subscription, while proprietary software means its source code is kept secret by the company that created it.

 

Question 5. ................. is an Operating system.
(a) Android
(b) Chrome
(c) Internet
(d) Pendrive
Answer: (a) Android
In simple words: Android is a type of software that runs on many phones and tablets, letting you use apps and manage your device. Chrome is a web browser, Internet is a network, and a Pendrive is a storage device.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between operating systems (like Android, Windows), web browsers (like Chrome), and storage devices (like Pendrive).

II. Match the Following:

🎯 Exam Tip: When matching, read both columns carefully to link correct definitions, examples, or categories. Practice with various types of examples for each category.

III. Answer in Brief:

 

Question 1. What are Hardware and Software?
Answer: Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer that you can touch and see. This includes devices like input and output units, the computer case (cabinet), hard disk, motherboard, SMPS, CPU, RAM, CD drive, and graphics card. Software, on the other hand, consists of programmed applications or coded instructions. It helps to process the information you give to the computer by changing it into a language the computer understands. Both hardware and software need each other to make a computer work.
In simple words: Hardware is the computer's body, things you can touch. Software is the computer's brain, the programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining hardware and software, always mention that hardware is tangible (physical) and software is intangible (instructions or programs), and that they must work together.

 

Question 2. What do you mean by Operating System? How does it work?
Answer: An Operating System (OS) is a special type of software, known as system software. It acts as a manager that helps all the computer's hardware parts work together. The OS takes the information you provide and ensures the hardware processes it correctly. It also shows you the results on output devices like a monitor. The operating system creates a user-friendly environment for you to interact with the computer.
In simple words: An Operating System is the main program that runs a computer. It helps the computer parts talk to each other and shows you what is happening on the screen.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the operating system's role as an interface between the user/applications and the hardware, and its function in managing resources.

 

Question 3. What is Free and Open Source Software? Give any two examples.
Answer: Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) is software that is available without any cost. Users can share it with many others. A key feature is that its source code can be edited and customized by users. This openness often leads to new updates and the development of new software based on the original. Examples include LINUX, OpenOffice, and Geogebra. This collaborative development benefits everyone.
In simple words: Free and Open Source Software is free to use and lets people see and change its hidden code. Examples are LINUX and OpenOffice.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the two main characteristics: "free of cost" and "editable source code," and provide clear examples.

9th Science Guide Hardware and Software Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. The Software gives ................. in the monitor.
(a) input
(b) output
(c) a & b
(d) None of the options
Answer: (b) output
In simple words: Software processes information and then displays the results or information on your screen, which is called output. Input is what you put in, not what the software gives on the monitor.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between 'input' (data fed into the computer) and 'output' (results displayed by the computer).

 

Question 2. Word Processing Software is .................
(a) Application Software
(b) System Software
(c) Hardware
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) Application software
In simple words: Word processing software is a program that helps you do a specific task, like writing and editing documents. This makes it an application software, not a system software that runs the computer itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: Application software helps users perform specific tasks, while system software manages the computer's resources and functions.

 

Question 3. Windows is .................
(i) Application Software
(ii) Operating System
(iii) Free and Open-source Software
(iv) Paid and Proprietary Software
(a) i and ii
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
Answer: (d) (ii) and (iv)
In simple words: Windows is an operating system, which means it manages your computer. It is also a paid and proprietary software, meaning you have to buy it, and its source code is not openly available.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that popular operating systems like Windows are typically commercial (paid and proprietary) rather than free and open-source.

 

Question 4. Which one of the following is an Application Software?
(a) Mac
(b) Chrome
(c) Windows
(d) Android
Answer: (b) Chrome
In simple words: Chrome is a web browser used for surfing the internet, making it a program for a specific task. Mac, Windows, and Android are all operating systems that run the computer or mobile device.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to identify common examples of operating systems and differentiate them from application software like web browsers or word processors.

II. Fill in the Blanks:

 

Question 1. Graphic Card is a .................
Answer: Hardware
In simple words: A graphics card is a physical part inside a computer that helps show pictures on the screen. Any physical part is considered hardware.

🎯 Exam Tip: Any component that is a tangible, physical part of the computer system is considered hardware.

 

Question 2. The Software processes the data by converting the input information into coding (or) programming .................
Answer: Language
In simple words: Software takes the information you give it and changes it into a special computer language so the computer can understand and work with it. This conversion is essential for computer operations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that computers operate using specific programming languages, and software acts as the translator for user input.

 

Question 3. Free software is................. and ................. by the user.
Answer: editable, customizable
In simple words: Free software not only costs nothing, but it also allows users to change its code and make it their own, or "customize" it. This adaptability helps users tailor the software to their specific needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "free software" implies freedom to use, study, change, and distribute, which includes being editable and customizable.

 

Question 4. The application programmes can be installed in the ................. for usage on a particular computer.
Answer: Hard Disk
In simple words: Application programs are saved and stored on the hard disk of your computer so that you can open and use them whenever you need to. The hard disk provides the long-term storage for all software.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize the hard disk as the primary storage device where all operating systems and applications are permanently installed.

III. State Whether True or False. If False, Correct the Statement:

 

Question 1. The functions of Hardware and Software are separate.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: The functions of Hardware and Software combine together.
In simple words: Hardware and software must work together perfectly. You cannot use a computer if one of them is missing or not working properly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the symbiotic relationship: hardware provides the physical platform, and software provides the instructions; neither can function effectively alone.

 

Question 2. We cannot see the functions of Software.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: We can see the functions of the software in the form of output.
In simple words: While you can't touch software itself, you can certainly see what it does. For example, when you type on a keyboard, the software shows your words on the screen as output.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the observable effects of software: its actions and results, which are presented as output on your screen or through other devices.

 

Question 3. Application Software completes more than one work of the end-user.
Answer: True.
In simple words: Many application software programs are designed to do several things, not just one. For example, a word processor can write, edit, format, and save documents.

🎯 Exam Tip: Give examples of versatile application software (like word processors, web browsers) that perform multiple related tasks for the user.

 

Question 4. The end users can legally use the pirated version of the paid and proprietary software.
Answer: False.
Correct statement: The end users are legally prohibited to use the pirated versions of the paid and proprietary software.
In simple words: Using software that you haven't paid for and don't have permission to use is against the law. This illegal copying is called piracy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state that using pirated software is illegal and unethical due to copyright infringement and potential security risks.

IV. Assertion and Reason Type Questions:

 

Question 1. Assertion (A): The functions of hardware and software combine together to make the computer functional.
Reason (R): A computer is a device comprising both hardware and software.
Answer: (a) Both assertion and reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion
In simple words: The computer needs both its physical parts (hardware) and its programs (software) to work. The reason is correct because a computer is made up of both these parts, and they must work together.

🎯 Exam Tip: For assertion-reason questions, first determine if both statements are true individually, then check if the reason logically explains the assertion.

 

Question 2. Assertion (A): The free and open-source software cannot be updated (or) developed to new software.
Reason (R): Free software is editable and customizable by the user.
Answer: (d) Assertion is false but the reason is true
In simple words: The first statement is false because free and open-source software can definitely be updated and improved by many people. The second statement is true because open-source means users can change and adapt the software.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a key benefit of open-source software is its ability to be continually updated and developed by a community of users and developers.

V. Answer Very Briefly:

 

Question 1. How are parts of a computer compared to humans?
Answer: A computer can be compared to a human body in a simple way. The hardware of the computer, which are its physical parts, is like the human body itself. The software, which gives instructions and makes the computer work, is similar to the human soul or mind. Just as the body and soul work together for a human, hardware and software work together to make a computer functional.
In simple words: A computer's hardware is like a human body, and its software is like the soul. They both need each other to function.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use analogies that clearly illustrate the difference and interdependence of hardware and software, making the concept easy to grasp.

 

Question 2. What are the two forms of the operating system and application software?
Answer: The Operating System and application software are primarily available in two main forms:

• Free and Open-source Software.
• Paid and Proprietary Software.

Each form has different access and usage rules for users.
In simple words: Operating systems and application software come in two types: those that are free and open for everyone to use and change, and those that you have to pay for and whose code is kept secret.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about forms or types of software, classify them based on their cost and access to source code (free/paid, open-source/proprietary).

 

Question 3. WhatisOSI?
Answer: OSI stands for the Open Source Initiative. It is an organization dedicated to promoting and supporting Open Source Software. This group helps to define what open source means and works to ensure that software development follows open-source principles, making it beneficial for the public. The OSI also educates people about the advantages of open-source models.
In simple words: OSI is an organization called the Open Source Initiative. Its main job is to encourage and define what open-source software is.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining acronyms like OSI, provide the full form and a concise explanation of its purpose or function.

VI. Answer in Detail:

 

Question 1. What is Application software? How is it utilised?
Answer: Application software is a computer program, or a group of programs, that is designed to help the end-user perform a specific task on a computer. It works on top of the operating system. These programs are utilized in several ways:

• Application programs can be installed on the hard disk of a computer for consistent usage.
• This type of application program often helps the end-user complete one or more specific tasks.

Examples of application programs include drawing tools, software for editing images, word processing software for writing, video players for watching movies, and audio players for listening to music. These tools make computers useful for everyday tasks.
In simple words: Application software helps you do specific things on a computer, like drawing, writing, or playing music. You install these programs on your computer to use them for different jobs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define application software by its task-specific nature and provide a range of common examples to illustrate its various uses.

 

Question 2. Write the conditions in the use of Paid and Proprietary Software.
Answer: When using Paid and Proprietary Software, certain conditions generally apply:

• The software typically needs a license to be used legally. This license grants you specific rights to use the software.
• Users usually have to pay a fee to use the software, either permanently or for a limited time (temporarily).
• The end-user is legally forbidden from stealing or illegally copying the software program.
• The end-user is also prohibited from using pirated (illegal copy) versions of the software.

Examples of such software include Windows, Microsoft Office, and Adobe Photoshop, all of which require adherence to these conditions for legal use.
In simple words: To use paid and proprietary software, you need a special license and must pay for it. You are not allowed to steal or use illegal copies of it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the legal and financial aspects: licensing, payment, and strict prohibition against piracy when describing paid and proprietary software.