Samacheer Kalvi Class 6 Science Solutions Term 1 Chapter 4 The Living World of Plants

I. Choose the correct answer:

 

Question 1. The pond is an example of ........
(a) Marine habitat
(b) Freshwater habitat
(c) Deserts
(d) Mountain
Answer: (b) Freshwater habitat
In simple words: A pond is filled with water that is not salty, like the sea. This type of habitat where water is fresh is called a freshwater habitat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that ponds, rivers, and lakes are all examples of freshwater habitats, distinct from marine (salty ocean) environments.

 

Question 2. The important function of stomata is ______
(a) Conduction
(b) Transpiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Absorption
Answer: (b) Transpiration
In simple words: Stomata are tiny holes on leaves that let water vapor out into the air. This process of water moving out of leaves is called transpiration.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stomata also play a role in gas exchange for photosynthesis, but transpiration (water loss) is their primary regulatory function in water balance.

 

Question 3. Organs of absorption are ........
(a) Root
(b) Stem
(c) Leaf
(d) Flower
Answer: (a) Root
In simple words: Roots are the parts of a plant that grow underground and take in water and nutrients from the soil. They are essential for a plant's survival.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always associate roots with absorbing water and minerals, as this is their main job for plant growth.

 

Question 4. The habitat of water hyacinth is ______
(a) Aquatic
(b) Terrestrial
(c) Desert
(d) Mountain
Answer: (a) Aquatic
In simple words: Water hyacinth is a plant that floats on water and lives in watery places like ponds. "Aquatic" means living in water.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying habitats, think about where the plant naturally grows and thrives, whether it's land, water, or extreme conditions.

II. True or False - If false give the correct answer.

 

Question. State whether the following statements are True or False and correct the false ones.
1. Plants can live without water.
2. All plants have chlorophyll.
3. Plants have three parts; the root, the stem, and the leaves.
4. Mountain is an example of a freshwater habitat.
5. Root is modified into spines.
6. Green plants need sunlight.
Answer:
1. False – They need water to carry out various functions.
2. False – Only green plants have chlorophyll. (Some plants, like fungi, do not have chlorophyll).
3. True
4. False – Mountain is an example of a Terrestrial habitat.
5. False – Spines are usually modifications of leaves.
6. True
In simple words: For each statement, you decide if it is correct or wrong. If it is wrong, you also write the right information. This helps to check what you know about plants and their parts.

🎯 Exam Tip: For true or false questions, always provide the correct statement if the original is false, as this shows a complete understanding.

III. Fill in the blanks.

 

Question. Fill in the blanks for the following statements.
1. Earth's surface is covered by ........... % of water.
2. The driest places on earth are ...........
3. Fixation and absorption are the main functions of ...........
4. Primary organs of photosynthesis are ...........
5. Taproot system present in ........... plants.
Answer:
1. 70%
2. Deserts
3. roots
4. leaves
5. dicot.
In simple words: We fill in the missing words or numbers to complete the sentences about the Earth and plants. This tests your knowledge of basic science facts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When filling in the blanks, make sure the word or number you choose fits perfectly into the sentence, both in meaning and grammar.

IV. Match the following:

 

Question. Match the following items from column A with column B.

Answer:
(i) - d (Mountain - Himalayas)
(ii) - c (Desert - Dry place)
(iii) - b (Stem - Branches)
(iv) - e (Photosynthesis - Leaves)
(v) - a (Fibrous Root - Monocot)
In simple words: We connect each word or idea from the first list to the correct matching word or idea in the second list. For example, mountains are linked to the Himalayas.

🎯 Exam Tip: For matching questions, it can be helpful to first match the pairs you are most confident about, then use elimination for the remaining ones.

V. Arrange in the correct sequence.

 

Question 1. Arrange the following parts of a plant in the correct sequence: Leaf - Stem - Root - Flower
Answer: root - stem - leaf - flower
In simple words: We put the parts of a plant in order, starting from the bottom of the plant going upwards. Roots are at the bottom, then the stem, then leaves and flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Visualize the plant structure from the ground up to correctly sequence its parts.

 

Question 2. Arrange the following plant processes in the correct sequence: Transpiration - Conduction - Absorption - Fixation.
Answer: Fixation, Absorption, Conduction, Transpiration.
In simple words: These are steps in how plants get and use water and nutrients. First, they fix in place, then they take in water, then move it around, and finally release some water vapor.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the logical flow of plant processes, starting with how a plant anchors itself and takes in resources.

VI. Very short answer.

 

Question 1. Classify plants on the basis of their habitat.
Answer: Plants are classified into two main types based on their habitat: Terrestrial and Aquatic. Terrestrial plants live on land and can be found in habitats like Deserts, Grasslands, and Mountains. Aquatic plants live in water, such as Fresh water (Rivers, Lakes, Ponds) and Marine water (Oceans, Seas). This classification helps us understand how plants adapt to different environments.
In simple words: Plants live either on land or in water. Land plants grow in places like deserts or mountains. Water plants live in rivers or oceans.

🎯 Exam Tip: When classifying by habitat, think about the primary environment where the plant lives (land or water) and then its specific type of land or water environment.

 

Question 2. Identify the desert plant from the following - Cactus, Hydrilla, Mango, and Rose.
Answer: Cactus is the desert plant among the options. Cacti are well-known for their adaptations to dry conditions; they grow in deserts and are able to store water in their stem to survive with little rainfall.
In simple words: From the list, Cactus is the desert plant. It lives where it is very dry and stores water in its body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Desert plants often have special features like thick stems or spines to help them save water in dry environments.

 

Question 3. Define the term habitat.
Answer: A habitat is the natural environment where an organism, like a plant or animal, lives, grows, and reproduces. It provides everything the organism needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter. For example, an aquatic habitat is a dwelling place for organisms that live in water.
In simple words: A habitat is the home or natural place where a plant or animal lives and finds what it needs to survive.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a habitat provides all the necessary resources for an organism's life, not just shelter.

 

Question 4. Relate the terms leaves and photosynthesis.
Answer: Leaves are the primary organs where photosynthesis takes place in most plants. They are typically green because they contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight energy. During photosynthesis, this energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (food) and oxygen. Thus, leaves are like the food factories of the plant.
In simple words: Leaves are important for plants because they have a green substance called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll helps the leaves make food for the plant using sunlight, a process called photosynthesis.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always emphasize chlorophyll's role in absorbing sunlight when explaining photosynthesis and the function of leaves.

VII. Short answer.

 

Question 1. Why do you call Jasmine plants a twiner?
Answer: Jasmine plants are called twiners because they have weak stems and cannot stand upright on their own. Instead, they climb by twisting or twining their stems around any nearby support, like a fence or another plant, to reach sunlight and grow. This twisting movement helps them survive.
In simple words: Jasmine plants are called twiners because they have soft stems and cannot stand alone. They wrap themselves around other things to climb up.

🎯 Exam Tip: Twiners are a type of climbing plant; highlight the "weak stem" and "twining around support" as key characteristics.

 

Question 2. Compare the taproot and fibrous root systems.
Answer:
Taproot system:
1. Consists of a single main root that grows straight down.
2. It grows straight down into the ground, often reaching deep.
3. Seen in dicotyledonous plants, like carrots or mango trees.
Fibrous root system:
1. Consists of a cluster of many small, thin roots.
2. It is thin and uniform in size, spreading out horizontally near the soil surface.
3. Seen in monocotyledonous plants, such as grass or maize. Both types of roots help anchor the plant and absorb water.
In simple words: Taproots have one big root going deep, like a carrot. Fibrous roots have many small, spread-out roots, like grass. They are different kinds of roots for plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: When comparing, clearly list the characteristics of each system side-by-side or point by point to show the differences.

 

Question 3. Distinguish between terrestrial and aquatic habitats.
Answer: Terrestrial habitats are environments found on land, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts. Plants and animals in these areas are adapted to living in air and soil, facing conditions like varying temperatures and rainfall. Aquatic habitats, on the other hand, are environments found in water, including fresh water (like rivers, lakes, and ponds) and marine water (like oceans and seas). Organisms here are adapted to living submerged in water or at its surface, dealing with water currents and salinity. The type of habitat dictates the adaptations organisms develop to survive.
In simple words: Terrestrial habitats are places on land. Aquatic habitats are places in water. Plants and animals live differently in each.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the primary medium (land vs. water) and give examples for both types of habitats.

VIII. Answer in detail.

 

Question 1. Make a list of functions of root & stem.
Answer:
Functions of root:
The root has several important jobs for the plant:
* Fixes the plant to the soil, holding it firmly in place.
* Absorbs water and minerals from the soil, which are essential for growth.
* Stores food in some plants, like carrots and beetroot, acting as a food reserve.
Functions of stem:
The stem also performs vital roles:
* Supports the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits, holding them up.
* Transports water and minerals from roots to upper aerial plant parts.
* Transports the prepared food from leaves to other parts, distributing energy.
* Stores food in some plants, as in the case of sugarcane, making it sweet.
Roots and stems work together to help the plant thrive.
In simple words: Roots hold the plant and take in water and food from the soil. Stems stand up the plant, carry water and food around, and also store food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly separate the functions of roots and stems, and use bullet points for easy readability and recall.

 

Question 2. Study the given concept map. Connect them correcting by drawing arrow marks. Complete the map by filling in the blanks.
Answer: The concept map shows how habitats are classified. Start from 'Habitat' at the top. It branches into 'Aquatic' and 'Terrestrial'. 'Aquatic' then splits into 'Fresh Water' and 'Marine'. 'Fresh Water' further divides into 'Rivers', 'Ponds', and 'Lakes'. 'Terrestrial' branches into 'Desert' and 'Grassland', and also 'Mountains'. This map helps visualize the different types of environments where plants and animals live.

In simple words: This map shows how different types of places where plants and animals live are grouped. It starts with big groups like land and water, then breaks them down into smaller types like deserts, rivers, and oceans.

🎯 Exam Tip: When presented with a concept map, identify the main categories and then trace how they branch into sub-categories to understand the relationships.

Samacheer Kalvi 6th Science The Living World Of Plants Additional Important Questions And Answers

I. Multiple Choice Questions.

 

Question 1. Maize has ........
(a) taproot
(b) fibrous root
(c) Adventitious root
(d) Fasciculate root
Answer: (b) fibrous root
In simple words: Maize, also known as corn, has a fibrous root system. This means it has many small roots that spread out close to the soil surface, instead of one main root.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that monocotyledonous plants like maize and grass typically have fibrous root systems.

 

Question 2. The underground part of the main axis of a plant is known as ______
(a) shoot
(b) node
(c) root
(d) leaf
Answer: (c) root
In simple words: The root is the part of a plant that usually grows underground. It helps the plant stay firm in the soil and take in water and minerals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish clearly between the shoot system (above ground) and the root system (below ground).

 

Question 3. The stalk of the leaf is known as
(a) peduncle
(b) rachis
(c) pedicel
(d) petiole
Answer: (d) petiole
In simple words: The petiole is the small stalk that connects the leaf blade to the main stem of the plant. It helps hold the leaf out to catch sunlight.

🎯 Exam Tip: Familiarize yourself with the specific names for different parts of a leaf and flower to avoid confusion.

 

Question 4. On the lower side of the leaf, there are tiny pores or openings known as ______
(a) Leaf base
(b) midrib
(c) petiole
(d) stomata
Answer: (d) stomata
In simple words: Stomata are very tiny holes, usually on the bottom of a leaf, that let the plant breathe. They open and close to let in carbon dioxide and release oxygen and water vapor.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that stomata are critical for gas exchange and transpiration in plants.

 

Question 5. The diameter of the leaf of Victoria amazonica is
(a) 2 meters
(b) 2.5 cm
(c) 3 meters
(d) 1 meter
Answer: (c) 3 meters
In simple words: The Victoria amazonica is a type of water lily that has extremely large leaves, which can grow up to 3 meters across. These huge leaves can even support the weight of a small child.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests specific knowledge about remarkable plant features; facts like these are good to remember for general science knowledge.

II. Fill in the blanks.

 

Question. Fill in the blanks for the following statements.
1. Special features in plants which help them to survive in the habitats they live are known as ...........
2. The Great Indian Desert is an arid region of rolling sandhills on the Indian sub continent is known as ...........
3. ........... is the main vein of the lamina of the leaf.
4. A change in an organism caused by environmental factors is known as .........
Answer:
1. Adaptations
2. Thar desert
3. Midrib
4. Modification
In simple words: We complete these sentences with the correct terms. This helps us understand how plants adapt to their homes and how they change.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to keywords like "special features to survive" (adaptations) and "main vein of leaf" (midrib) to correctly fill in the blanks.

III. Arrange In The Correct Sequence.

 

Question 1. Sea - Lake - River - Pond
Answer: Pond - Lake - River - Sea.
In simple words: We are putting water bodies in order from smallest to largest. Ponds are small, then lakes, then rivers, and the sea is the biggest.

🎯 Exam Tip: When arranging geographical features, consider their relative size or typical connectivity.

 

Question 2. Internode - Node - Axillary Bud - Terminal Bud
Answer: Terminal Bud - Axillary Bud - Node - Internodes.
In simple words: This is about parts of a plant stem. We arrange them from the end of the stem (terminal bud) down to the spaces between where leaves grow (internodes).

🎯 Exam Tip: To sequence plant parts on a stem, visualize their positions relative to each other, often from apex to base.

IV. Very Short Answer.

 

Question 1. Draw the structure of a leaf and neatly label the parts.
Answer: A leaf typically consists of a flat blade (lamina), which is its main, broad part. It has a central vein called the midrib, from which smaller veins branch out. The blade is attached to the stem by a stalk called the petiole. Where the petiole joins the stem, there might be a small leaf-like structure called a stipule or leaf base. The very edge of the leaf is its margin. These parts work together to help the leaf perform its function of photosynthesis.

In simple words: The drawing of a leaf shows its main parts like the flat part (blade), the middle line (midrib), and the stem-like part (petiole) that connects it to the plant's main stem.

🎯 Exam Tip: When drawing diagrams, ensure all key parts are clearly visible and accurately labeled to score full marks.

 

Question 2. List the main part of a flowering plant.
Answer: The flowering plant consists of two main parts which work together for its growth and reproduction: the Root system and the Shoot system. The root system is typically underground, absorbing water and nutrients. The shoot system is above ground, including the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits, responsible for photosynthesis and reproduction.
In simple words: A flowering plant has two main parts: the roots (underground) and the shoot (above ground, with stem, leaves, and flowers).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that "root system" and "shoot system" are the two fundamental divisions of a flowering plant's structure.

 

Question 3. Differentiate between Gymnosperm and Angiosperm.
Answer: Both Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are seed-producing plants, but they differ in how their seeds are enclosed. Gymnosperms, like pines and cycads, are non-flowering plants that produce "naked" seeds, meaning the seeds are not enclosed within an ovary. Angiosperms, on the other hand, are flowering plants that produce "closed" seeds, as their seeds are enclosed within a fruit (which develops from the ovary). Examples include mango and rose. This difference in seed protection is a key evolutionary step.
In simple words: Gymnosperms have seeds that are not covered, like a pinecone. Angiosperms have seeds that are inside a fruit or flower, like a mango.

🎯 Exam Tip: The main distinction between gymnosperms and angiosperms lies in whether their seeds are "naked" or enclosed within an ovary/fruit.

 

Question 4. Give some examples of monocotyledonous plants and dicotyledonous plants.
Answer: Monocotyledonous plants, or monocots, have a single seed leaf (cotyledon) and typically fibrous roots. Examples include Grass, Paddy, and Maize. Dicotyledonous plants, or dicots, have two seed leaves and usually a taproot system. Examples include Bean, Mango, and Neem. These differences are also reflected in their leaf venation and flower parts.
In simple words: Monocot plants are like grass and maize. Dicot plants are like beans and mango trees. They are different types of flowering plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: To remember examples, think of common cereals (monocots) versus most trees and vegetables (dicots).

 

Question 5. Notes on Thorns or Spines.
Answer: Thorns and spines are sharp, pointed structures found on some plants, which are actually modified plant parts. Thorns are modified stems, while spines are modified leaves. Their primary function is to protect the plant from herbivores (animals that eat plants) and to reduce water loss, especially in dry environments. For example, in Agave plants, the leaf apex and margin are modified into spines. These adaptations are crucial for survival in harsh conditions.
In simple words: Thorns and spines are sharp points on plants that help keep animals away and save water. Thorns come from the stem, and spines come from the leaves.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that thorns are modified stems, and spines are modified leaves; this distinction is key.

V. Answer In Details.

 

Question 1. Explain Tendril climber.
Answer: A tendril climber is a type of plant that uses specialized climbing organs called tendrils to grow upwards. Tendrils are slender, thread-like structures that can be modified leaves or stems. They twine around any available support, like a fence, wall, or other plants, to help the weak-stemmed plant ascend. This coiling movement allows the plant to reach sunlight, which is necessary for photosynthesis. Examples include sweet peas, where leaflets are modified into tendrils, and bitter gourd, where axillary buds are modified into tendrils for climbing.
In simple words: A tendril climber is a plant with thin parts called tendrils. These tendrils wrap around things to help the plant climb up because its own stem is too weak to stand alone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the "weak-stemmed" nature of the plant and the "coiling" action of the tendrils for support.

 

Question 2. Write about Desert Habitat.
Answer: A desert habitat is characterized by extremely dry places on Earth, receiving very little rainfall, typically less than 25 cm annually. Deserts cover about 20% of the Earth's land surface and present harsh conditions with high temperatures during the day and cold nights. Plants and animals in this habitat have developed special adaptations to withstand severe heat and conserve water. For instance, many desert plants, like cacti, have thick leaves or modified stems to store water, and their leaves may be reduced to spines to minimize water loss. Aloe is another example of a plant with thick leaves for water storage. These adaptations are crucial for survival in such arid environments.
In simple words: A desert is a very dry place on Earth with little rain and big changes in temperature. Plants there, like cacti, have special ways to store water and survive the heat.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a desert habitat, mention low rainfall, extreme temperatures, and specific adaptations of plants for water storage and conservation.

 

Question 3. Study was given concept map. Connect them by drawing marks- for example, the map by filling the blanks.
Answer: The concept map illustrates the hierarchical structure of plant parts. Starting from 'Plant' at the top, it divides into the two main systems: 'Roots' and 'Shoots'. The 'Roots' branch further into 'Tap root system' and 'Fibrous root system', indicating different root structures. The 'Shoots' system expands to include 'Flower', 'Stem', and 'Leaves'. The 'Stem' has parts like 'Nodes' and 'Inter nodes', which are points of attachment for leaves and spaces between them. 'Leaves' are further characterized by their 'Leaf Lamina' (the blade) and 'Petiole' (the stalk). This map clearly shows how all parts of a plant are interconnected.

In simple words: This map shows the different parts of a plant, starting from the main plant. It then shows the roots (tap or fibrous) and the shoot (stem, leaves, flowers) and breaks down each of these parts further.

🎯 Exam Tip: Follow the arrows in a concept map to understand the relationships and hierarchy between different plant parts or concepts.

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