Samacheer Kalvi Class 6 Maths Solutions Term 2 Chapter 3 Bill, Profit and Loss Exercise 3.1

 

Question 1. A School purchases some furniture and gets the following bill.

(i) What is the name of the store?
(ii) What is the serial number of the bill?
(iii) What is the cost of a black board?
(iv) How many sets of benches and desks does the school buy?
(v) Verify whether the total bill amount is correct.
Answer:
(i) The name of the store is Mullai Furniture Mart.
(ii) The serial number of the bill is 728.
(iii) The cost of one black board is Rs 3000.
(iv) The school buys 50 sets of benches and desks. Each set includes one bench and one desk.
(v) To verify the total bill amount, we add the amounts for each item: Rs 60,000 + Rs 75,000 + Rs 6,000 + Rs 9,500 + Rs 17,500 = Rs 1,68,000. This confirms the total bill amount is correct.
In simple words: The shop is Mullai Furniture Mart, and the bill number is 728. A black board costs Rs 3000. The school bought 50 benches and 50 desks, making 50 sets. The total bill amount of Rs 1,68,000 is correct when all items are added up.

🎯 Exam Tip: When working with bills, always check the individual item costs and quantities carefully, then cross-check the total amount to ensure accuracy.

 

Question 2. Prepare a bill for the following books of biographies purchased from Maruthu Book Store, Chidambaram on 12.04.2018 bearing the bill number 507. 10 copies of Subramanya Bharathiar @ Rs 55 each, 15 copies of Thiruvalluvar @ Rs 75 each, 12 copies of Veeramamunivar @ Rs 60 each, and 12 copies of Thiruvika @ Rs 70 each.
Answer:

In simple words: This bill lists the books bought from Maruthu Book Store. It shows the number of copies for each author and their individual price. The total amount to be paid for all the books is Rs 3235.

🎯 Exam Tip: When creating a bill, ensure all details like store name, date, bill number, item descriptions, quantity, rate, and calculated amounts are correctly listed. Double-check the total sum.

 

Question 3. Fill up the appropriate boxes in the following table.

Answer:
(i) Given: C.P. = Rs 100, S.P. = Rs 120.
Since S.P. \( > \) C.P., there is a profit.
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
Profit \( = \) Rs 120 \( - \) Rs 100 \( = \) Rs 20.

(ii) Given: C.P. = Rs 110, S.P. = Rs 120.
Since S.P. \( > \) C.P., there is a profit.
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
Profit \( = \) Rs 120 \( - \) Rs 110 \( = \) Rs 10.

(iii) Given: C.P. = Rs 120, Profit = Rs 20.
We know that Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
So, S.P. \( = \) C.P. \( + \) Profit.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 120 \( + \) Rs 20 \( = \) Rs 140.

(iv) Given: C.P. = Rs 100, S.P. = Rs 90.
Since C.P. \( > \) S.P., there is a loss.
Loss \( = \) C.P. \( - \) S.P.
Loss \( = \) Rs 100 \( - \) Rs 90 \( = \) Rs 10.

(v) Given: C.P. = Rs 120, Profit = Rs 25.
We know that Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
So, S.P. \( = \) C.P. \( + \) Profit.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 120 \( + \) Rs 25 \( = \) Rs 145.

Here is the completed table:

In simple words: To complete the table, we use simple rules: if the selling price (S.P.) is more than the cost price (C.P.), it's a profit (S.P. - C.P.). If C.P. is more than S.P., it's a loss (C.P. - S.P.). If you know C.P. and profit, add them to get S.P.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the basic formulas: Profit = S.P. - C.P. and Loss = C.P. - S.P. If S.P. > C.P. means profit, if C.P. > S.P. means loss, and if C.P. = S.P., there is no profit or loss.

 

Question 4. Fill up the appropriate boxes in the following table.

Answer:
(i) Given: C.P. = Rs 110, M.P. = Rs 130, Discount = Nil.
If there is no discount, then S.P. = M.P. = Rs 130.
Now, compare S.P. and C.P.
Since S.P. (Rs 130) \( > \) C.P. (Rs 110), there is a profit.
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P. \( = \) Rs 130 \( - \) Rs 110 \( = \) Rs 20.

(ii) Given: C.P. = Rs 110, M.P. = Rs 130, Discount = Rs 10.
First, find the Selling Price (S.P.):
S.P. \( = \) M.P. \( - \) Discount \( = \) Rs 130 \( - \) Rs 10 \( = \) Rs 120.
Now, compare S.P. and C.P.
Since S.P. (Rs 120) \( > \) C.P. (Rs 110), there is a profit.
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P. \( = \) Rs 120 \( - \) Rs 110 \( = \) Rs 10.

(iii) Given: C.P. = Rs 110, M.P. = Rs 130, Discount = Rs 30.
First, find the Selling Price (S.P.):
S.P. \( = \) M.P. \( - \) Discount \( = \) Rs 130 \( - \) Rs 30 \( = \) Rs 100.
Now, compare S.P. and C.P.
Since C.P. (Rs 110) \( > \) S.P. (Rs 100), there is a loss.
Loss \( = \) C.P. \( - \) S.P. \( = \) Rs 110 \( - \) Rs 100 \( = \) Rs 10.

(iv) Given: C.P. = Rs 110, M.P. = Rs 120, Discount = Nil, Loss = Rs 10.
Since Discount is Nil, S.P. = M.P. = Rs 120.
However, there is a Loss of Rs 10. Let's find S.P. using Loss.
Loss \( = \) C.P. \( - \) S.P.
Rs 10 \( = \) Rs 110 \( - \) S.P.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 110 \( - \) Rs 10 \( = \) Rs 100.
Now, calculate Discount using M.P. and the correct S.P.
Discount \( = \) M.P. \( - \) S.P.
Discount \( = \) Rs 120 \( - \) Rs 100 \( = \) Rs 20.
Note: The problem statement says Discount is 'Nil' but also states there is a loss of Rs 10, which means S.P. should be Rs 100. If S.P. is Rs 100 and M.P. is Rs 120, then Discount must be Rs 20. Therefore, we use the value of loss to determine S.P. and discount.

(v) Given: M.P. = Rs 120, Discount = Rs 10, Profit = Rs 20, Loss = Nil.
First, find S.P. using M.P. and Discount:
S.P. \( = \) M.P. \( - \) Discount \( = \) Rs 120 \( - \) Rs 10 \( = \) Rs 110.
Since there is a Profit, use the Profit formula to find C.P.:
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
Rs 20 \( = \) Rs 110 \( - \) C.P.
C.P. \( = \) Rs 110 \( - \) Rs 20 \( = \) Rs 90.

Here is the completed table:

In simple words: This table involves cost price (C.P.), marked price (M.P.), selling price (S.P.), discount, profit, and loss. You need to use the formulas: S.P. = M.P. - Discount, Profit = S.P. - C.P., and Loss = C.P. - S.P. Always remember that a discount reduces the marked price to get the selling price.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that if there is no discount, the Selling Price (S.P.) is equal to the Marked Price (M.P.). Always work out S.P. first using M.P. and Discount, then compare S.P. with C.P. to find profit or loss.

 

Question 5. Rani bought a set of bangles for Rs 310. Her neighbour liked it the most. So Rani sold it to her for Rs 325. Find the profit or loss to Rani.
Answer:
Cost Price (C.P.) of the bangles \( = \) Rs 310.
Selling Price (S.P.) of the bangles \( = \) Rs 325.
Since S.P. (Rs 325) is greater than C.P. (Rs 310), Rani made a profit.
Profit \( = \) S.P. \( - \) C.P.
Profit \( = \) Rs 325 \( - \) Rs 310 \( = \) Rs 15.
So, Rani earned a profit of Rs 15. This shows that selling something for more than you bought it for results in a gain.
In simple words: Rani bought bangles for Rs 310 and sold them for Rs 325. Because she sold them for more than she paid, she made a profit. Her profit was Rs 15.

🎯 Exam Tip: To find profit or loss, always compare the selling price (S.P.) with the cost price (C.P.). If S.P. > C.P., it's a profit. If C.P. > S.P., it's a loss.

 

Question 6. Sugan bought a pair of jeans pant for Rs 750 not fit him. He sold it to his friend for Rs 710, Find the profit or loss to sugan.
Answer:
Cost Price (C.P.) of the jeans pant \( = \) Rs 750.
Selling Price (S.P.) of the jeans pant \( = \) Rs 710.
Since C.P. (Rs 750) is greater than S.P. (Rs 710), Sugan incurred a loss.
Loss \( = \) C.P. \( - \) S.P.
Loss \( = \) Rs 750 \( - \) Rs 710 \( = \) Rs 40.
Thus, Sugan had a loss of Rs 40. This situation is common when an item doesn't meet the buyer's needs and must be sold quickly.
In simple words: Sugan bought jeans for Rs 750 and sold them for Rs 710. Since he sold them for less than he paid, he lost Rs 40.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly identify the Cost Price (C.P.) and Selling Price (S.P.) first. Then, apply the appropriate formula for profit or loss. If C.P. is higher than S.P., it's a loss.

 

Question 7. Somu bought a second-hand bike for Rs 28,000 and spent Rs 2000 on its repair. He sold it for Rs 30,000. Find his profit or loss.
Answer:
Original Cost Price of the bike \( = \) Rs 28,000.
Repair Cost \( = \) Rs 2,000.
Total Cost Price (C.P.) \( = \) Original Cost Price \( + \) Repair Cost.
Total C.P. \( = \) Rs 28,000 \( + \) Rs 2,000 \( = \) Rs 30,000.
Selling Price (S.P.) of the bike \( = \) Rs 30,000.
Since C.P. (Rs 30,000) is equal to S.P. (Rs 30,000), there is no profit and no loss.
When the buying and selling prices are the same, the financial outcome is neutral.
In simple words: Somu bought a bike for Rs 28,000 and spent Rs 2,000 to fix it, so his total cost was Rs 30,000. He then sold the bike for Rs 30,000. This means he made no profit and no loss.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to include all additional expenses (like repair, transportation, etc.) in the Cost Price (C.P.) before calculating profit or loss. If C.P. equals S.P., there is neither profit nor loss.

 

Question 8. Muthu has a car worth Rs 8,50,000 and he wants to sell it at a profit of Rs 25,000. What should be the selling price of the car?
Answer:
Cost Price (C.P.) of the car \( = \) Rs 8,50,000.
Desired Profit \( = \) Rs 25,000.
To find the Selling Price (S.P.) when there is a profit, we use the formula:
S.P. \( = \) C.P. \( + \) Profit.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 8,50,000 \( + \) Rs 25,000 \( = \) Rs 8,75,000.
Muthu should sell the car for Rs 8,75,000 to achieve his desired profit. This calculation helps plan pricing strategies for sales.
In simple words: Muthu's car costs Rs 8,50,000. If he wants to make a profit of Rs 25,000, he must sell the car for Rs 8,50,000 plus Rs 25,000, which is Rs 8,75,000.

🎯 Exam Tip: If profit is desired, always add the profit amount to the Cost Price (C.P.) to get the Selling Price (S.P.). If a loss is incurred, subtract the loss from C.P. to find S.P.

 

Question 9. Valarmathi sold her pearl set for Rs 30,000 at a profit of Rs 5000. Find the cost price of the pearl set.
Answer:
Selling Price (S.P.) of the pearl set \( = \) Rs 30,000.
Profit earned \( = \) Rs 5,000.
To find the Cost Price (C.P.) when there is a profit, we use the formula:
C.P. \( = \) S.P. \( - \) Profit.
C.P. \( = \) Rs 30,000 \( - \) Rs 5,000 \( = \) Rs 25,000.
So, the original cost price of the pearl set was Rs 25,000. Understanding this inverse calculation helps determine initial investment.
In simple words: Valarmathi sold a pearl set for Rs 30,000 and made Rs 5,000 profit. To find out what she paid for it, subtract the profit from the selling price. So, the cost price was Rs 25,000.

🎯 Exam Tip: When given selling price and profit, subtract the profit from the selling price to find the cost price. If given selling price and loss, add the loss to the selling price to find the cost price.

 

Question 10. If Guna marks his product to be sold for Rs 325 and gives a discount of Rs 30, then find the S.P.
Answer:
Marked Price (M.P.) of the product \( = \) Rs 325.
Discount given \( = \) Rs 30.
To find the Selling Price (S.P.) after a discount, we use the formula:
S.P. \( = \) M.P. \( - \) Discount.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 325 \( - \) Rs 30 \( = \) Rs 295.
Therefore, the selling price of the product is Rs 295. Discounts are a common strategy to attract customers.
In simple words: Guna put a price of Rs 325 on his product. He then offered a discount of Rs 30. So, the final selling price was Rs 325 minus Rs 30, which is Rs 295.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always subtract the discount from the Marked Price (M.P.) to calculate the final Selling Price (S.P.). The Marked Price is usually the price tag before any reductions.

 

Question 11. A man buys a chair for Rs 1500. He wants to sell it at a profit of Rs 250 after making a discount of Rs 100. What is the M.P of the chair?
Answer:
Cost Price (C.P.) of the chair \( = \) Rs 1,500.
Desired Profit \( = \) Rs 250.
Discount offered \( = \) Rs 100.
First, calculate the Selling Price (S.P.) needed to achieve the profit:
S.P. \( = \) C.P. \( + \) Profit.
S.P. \( = \) Rs 1,500 \( + \) Rs 250 \( = \) Rs 1,750.
Now, we know that S.P. \( = \) M.P. \( - \) Discount.
To find the Marked Price (M.P.), we rearrange the formula:
M.P. \( = \) S.P. \( + \) Discount.
M.P. \( = \) Rs 1,750 \( + \) Rs 100 \( = \) Rs 1,850.
The man should mark the chair at Rs 1,850. This ensures both profit and the ability to offer a discount.
In simple words: A man bought a chair for Rs 1,500. He wants to make Rs 250 profit, so he needs to sell it for Rs 1,750. Also, he plans to give a Rs 100 discount. To still get Rs 1,750 after the discount, he must mark the price at Rs 1,750 plus Rs 100, which is Rs 1,850.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question involves multiple steps. First calculate the S.P. using C.P. and Profit, then use S.P. and Discount to find the M.P. Always move step-by-step from known values to unknown values.

 

Question 12. Amutha marked her home product of pickle as Rs 300 per pack. But she sold it for only Rs 275 per pack. What was the discount offered by her per pack?
Answer:
Marked Price (M.P.) of the pickle pack \( = \) Rs 300.
Selling Price (S.P.) of the pickle pack \( = \) Rs 275.
To find the Discount offered, we use the formula:
Discount \( = \) M.P. \( - \) S.P.
Discount \( = \) Rs 300 \( - \) Rs 275 \( = \) Rs 25.
Amutha offered a discount of Rs 25 per pack. Offering discounts can attract more buyers and clear stock.
In simple words: Amutha priced her pickle at Rs 300, but she sold it for Rs 275. The difference between the marked price and the selling price is the discount. So, she gave a discount of Rs 25.

🎯 Exam Tip: Discount is simply the reduction from the marked price to the selling price. Remember the formula: Discount = Marked Price - Selling Price.

 

Question 13. Valavan bought 24 eggs for Rs 96. Four of them were broken and also he had a loss of 36 on selling them. What is the selling price of one egg?
Answer:
Total Cost Price (C.P.) of 24 eggs \( = \) Rs 96.
Number of broken eggs \( = \) 4.
Remaining eggs to sell \( = \) 24 \( - \) 4 \( = \) 20 eggs.
Total Loss incurred \( = \) Rs 36.
To find the Selling Price (S.P.) of the remaining eggs:
S.P. of 20 eggs \( = \) C.P. \( - \) Loss.
S.P. of 20 eggs \( = \) Rs 96 \( - \) Rs 36 \( = \) Rs 60.
Now, to find the selling price of one egg:
Selling Price of 1 egg \( = \frac{\text{S.P. of 20 eggs}}{\text{Number of remaining eggs}} \)
Selling Price of 1 egg \( = \frac{Rs\ 60}{20} = \) Rs 3.
Thus, Valavan sold each good egg for Rs 3. This calculation accounts for both damaged goods and overall loss.
In simple words: Valavan bought 24 eggs for Rs 96. Four eggs broke, leaving 20 good eggs. He lost Rs 36 on the sale. So, he sold the 20 good eggs for Rs 96 minus Rs 36, which is Rs 60. This means each egg was sold for Rs 3.

🎯 Exam Tip: In problems involving damaged goods, first calculate the number of good items available for sale. Then, determine the total selling price of these good items using the overall profit or loss, and finally find the price per item.

 

Question 14. Mangai bought a cell phone for Rs 12,585. It fell down. She spent Rs 500 on its repair. She sold it for Rs 7,500. Find her profit or loss.
Answer:
Original Cost Price of the cell phone \( = \) Rs 12,585.
Repair Cost \( = \) Rs 500.
Total Cost Price (C.P.) \( = \) Original Cost Price \( + \) Repair Cost.
Total C.P. \( = \) Rs 12,585 \( + \) Rs 500 \( = \) Rs 13,085.
Selling Price (S.P.) of the cell phone \( = \) Rs 7,500.
Since Total C.P. (Rs 13,085) is greater than S.P. (Rs 7,500), Mangai incurred a loss.
Loss \( = \) C.P. \( - \) S.P.
Loss \( = \) Rs 13,085 \( - \) Rs 7,500 \( = \) Rs 5,585.
Mangai experienced a loss of Rs 5,585. Unexpected repairs and lower resale value often lead to such outcomes.
In simple words: Mangai bought a phone for Rs 12,585 and spent Rs 500 to fix it, making her total cost Rs 13,085. She then sold it for only Rs 7,500. Since she sold it for much less than her total cost, she faced a loss of Rs 5,585.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always add repair costs or any other expenses incurred after purchase to the original cost price to get the total Cost Price (C.P.) before calculating profit or loss. This gives the true total investment.

Objective Type Questions

 

Question 15. Discount is subtracted from ______ to get S.P.
(a) M.P
(b) C.P
(c) Loss
(d) Profit
Answer: (a) M.P
In simple words: When you take away the discount from the marked price (M.P.), you get the selling price (S.P.).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the basic formula: Selling Price (S.P.) = Marked Price (M.P.) - Discount. The marked price is the original listed price.

 

Question 16. Overhead expenses are always included in .........
(a) S.P
(b) C.P
(c) Profit
(d) Loss
Answer: (b) C.P
In simple words: Any extra costs, like shipping or repairs, are added to the original buying price. This total is called the Cost Price.

🎯 Exam Tip: Overhead expenses, such as transportation, installation, or repair costs, are always added to the original purchase price to determine the total Cost Price (C.P.) of an item.

 

Question 17. There is no profit or loss when _______
(a) C.P = S.P.
(b) C.P. > S.P
(c) C.P. < S.P
(d) M.P = Discount
Answer: (a) C.P = S.P.
In simple words: If the cost price and selling price are the same, you neither gain money nor lose money.

🎯 Exam Tip: No profit, no loss occurs when the Cost Price (C.P.) is exactly equal to the Selling Price (S.P.). There is no difference in the amount paid and the amount received.

 

Question 18. Discount = M.P. - _______
(a) Profit
(b) S.P
(c) Loss
(d) C.P
Answer: (b) S.P
In simple words: The discount is how much less you pay than the marked price, which means it's the marked price minus the selling price.

🎯 Exam Tip: The discount is the difference between the Marked Price (M.P.) and the Selling Price (S.P.). It is the amount by which the price is reduced for the customer.