Samacheer Kalvi Class 4 Science Solutions Term 2 Chapter 3 Plants

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. The tip of the leaf is
(a) Petiole
(b) Apex
(c) Midrib
(d) Veins
Answer: (b) Apex
In simple words: The very top, pointed part of a leaf is called the apex. It is like the tip of a pyramid or cone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember key leaf parts by imagining a leaf and pointing to each section; this helps recall their names and functions.

 

Question 2. Which one of the following is a primary producer?
(a) Plant
(b) Animal
(c) Human
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) Plant
In simple words: Plants make their own food using sunlight. This is why they are called primary producers; they are at the very start of the food chain.

🎯 Exam Tip: Primary producers are organisms that create their own food, forming the base of all ecosystems.

 

Question 3. Which flower blooms during winter?
(a) Jasmine
(b) Tulip
(c) December
(d) Fire cracker
Answer: (c) December
In simple words: The flower called December blooms during the winter season. Some flowers are special because they grow and open when it is cold outside.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the blooming seasons of different flowers helps understand plant adaptations to climate.

 

Question 3. Choose the ornamental plant from the list.
(a) Parthenium
(b) Mango
(c) Travellers palm
Answer: (c) Travellers palm
In simple words: A Travellers palm is grown because it looks pretty and is used to decorate places. Ornamental plants are kept for their beauty.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ornamental plants are chosen for their aesthetic appeal, adding beauty to gardens and homes.

 

Question 4. Which plant flower is edible?
(a) Cauliflower
(b) Potato
(c) Mint
(d) Cabbage
Answer: (a) Cauliflower
In simple words: Cauliflower is a vegetable that is actually the flower part of the plant, and we can eat it. Many vegetables come from different parts of plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that edible plant parts can include roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.

II. Fill in the Blanks:

 

Question 1. During photosynthesis ______ is produced and stored in the leaf.
Answer: Food
In simple words: Plants make their food during photosynthesis, and this food is kept in their leaves. This process is how plants get energy to grow.

🎯 Exam Tip: The primary product of photosynthesis, glucose (a type of food), is crucial for plant survival and growth.

 

Question 2. Green plants have ______ pigment.
Answer: Green
In simple words: Plants look green because they have a special green color inside them called chlorophyll. This green color helps them make food from sunlight.

🎯 Exam Tip: Chlorophyll is the green pigment essential for absorbing sunlight during photosynthesis.

 

Question 3. Onion is a ______ part of a plant.
Answer: Stem
In simple words: An onion is actually a type of stem that grows underground. It stores food for the plant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many vegetables we eat, like onions and potatoes, are modified stems or roots.

 

Question 4. The male part of the flower is ______.
Answer: Stamen
In simple words: The stamen is the male part of a flower that makes pollen. It helps the flower to create seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the stamen is responsible for producing pollen, which is necessary for plant reproduction.

 

Question 5. An example for edible seed is ______.
Answer: Rice
In simple words: Rice is a seed that we can eat. Many foods we enjoy, like beans and nuts, are also plant seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Seeds are vital for plant reproduction and a primary source of nutrition for humans and animals.

III. Answer the Following in One or Two Words:

 

Question 1. Which is the female part of the plant?
Answer: Pistil.
In simple words: The pistil is the female part of a flower that receives pollen to make new seeds. It is found in the middle of the flower.

🎯 Exam Tip: The pistil (or carpel) contains the ovary, style, and stigma, all crucial for forming fruits and seeds.

 

Question 2. Write the name of any one of the leaf that is used as a food.
Answer: Cabbage.
In simple words: Cabbage is a leafy green vegetable that people eat. Many other plants also have edible leaves like spinach.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many common vegetables are plant leaves, providing essential vitamins and minerals.

 

Question 3. Which flower bud is used as spices in food?
Answer: Cloves.
In simple words: Cloves are dried flower buds that give a strong taste to food. They are often used in cooking to add flavor.

🎯 Exam Tip: Spices like cloves are derived from different plant parts, including buds, seeds, and bark, and are used to enhance flavor.

 

Question 4. seeds?
Answer: Carbohydrates and proteins.
In simple words: Seeds are packed with energy-giving carbohydrates and body-building proteins. They provide the food needed for a new plant to start growing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Seeds are highly nutritious because they contain stored food for the embryo, making them valuable food sources.

 

Question 5. Write any one of the flower that blooms in summer.
Answer: Sunflower.
In simple words: Sunflowers are known to bloom during the summer season. They love the warm weather and sunshine to grow big and bright.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the blooming period helps understand a plant's environmental preferences and life cycle.

IV. Answer Briefly:

 

Question 1. Write the parts of the leaf.
Answer:
1. Apex
2. Veins
3. Midrib
4. Blade
5. Petiole
In simple words: A leaf has different parts like the tip (apex), the main line in the middle (midrib), smaller lines (veins), the wide flat part (blade), and the stem-like part that connects to the branch (petiole). Each part has a special job.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to identify and label all the key parts of a leaf and know their basic functions for full marks.

 

Question 2. Define - Photosynthesis.
Answer: Photosynthesis is a process by which plants make their food using chlorophyll, water, carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight.
In simple words: Photosynthesis is how plants use sunlight, water, and air to make their own food. The green stuff in leaves, called chlorophyll, helps them do this.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining photosynthesis, always include the key ingredients (sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll) and the outcome (food production).

 

Question 3. Write the names of the exotic plants.
Answer:
1. Sago palm (Cycas)
2. Fern
3. Crotons
4. Travelers palm
5. Boat lily
6. Aloevera
In simple words: Exotic plants are those that are not originally from a specific area but have been brought there. They often have unique looks or properties that make them interesting.

🎯 Exam Tip: Exotic plants are often introduced for ornamental purposes or specific uses, but can sometimes become invasive.

 

Question 4. Write the names of any two underground stem plant.
Answer: Potato and Onion are underground stem plants.
In simple words: Potatoes and onions are examples of plants where we eat their stems that grow below the ground. These stems store food for the plant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Underground stems often serve as storage organs for food and nutrients, helping the plant survive harsh conditions.

 

Question 5. Why should we not touch parthenium plant?
Answer: The pollen of parthenium plant is allergic in nature, so, we do not touch this plant.
In simple words: We should not touch the parthenium plant because its pollen can cause allergies in people. It is best to avoid contact with it to stay healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always be aware of plants that can cause allergic reactions or skin irritation to avoid health issues.

V. Answer Detail:

 

Question 1. Mask any four parts and describe the parts of a leaf.
Answer:
The leaf has several important parts:
Blade: This is the broad, flat, green part of the leaf. It is also called the lamina. This large flat surface helps the leaf catch a lot of sunlight.
Apex: This is the very tip or pointed end of the leaf.
Midrib: This is the main vein that runs along the center of the leaf, from the base to the apex. It provides support to the leaf and transports water and nutrients.
Veins: These are smaller branches that come out from the midrib. They form a network of hollow tubes that carry water and minerals all over the leaf.
Petiole: This is the stalk-like part that connects the leaf blade to the main stem of the plant. It holds the leaf out to the sun.
In simple words: A leaf has parts like the flat blade, the tip called apex, the main line in the middle called midrib, smaller lines called veins, and a stem-like part called petiole. Each part helps the leaf do its job, like making food.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing leaf parts, clearly state the function of each part (e.g., blade for photosynthesis, veins for transport).

 

Question 2. Draw a diagram of a flower and explain the parts of a flower.
Answer:
A flower has four main parts, each with a special role:
Sepal: These are like small green leaves found at the base of the flower. They protect the flower when it is still a bud, keeping it safe before it blooms. They are typically green to blend with the stem.
Petal: Petals are usually brightly colored and soft. Their main job is to attract insects, such as bees and butterflies. These insects help the flower by moving pollen from one flower to another, which is important for the plant to make seeds.
Stamen: This is the male part of the flower. It is found in the center and contains pollen grains. These pollen grains are needed for the plant to reproduce. A stamen is made of two parts: the anther, which holds the pollen, and the filament, which supports the anther.
Pistil: This is the female part of the flower, also located in the center. The pistil uses the pollen to help the flower develop into fruit. It collects pollen from other flowers or from the stamens of the same flower.
In simple words: A flower has four main parts: sepals (green leaves that protect the bud), petals (colorful to attract insects), stamen (the male part with pollen), and pistil (the female part that makes fruit). Each part helps the flower grow and make new seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: When drawing and labeling a flower, use different colors to highlight each part, and explain how each part contributes to reproduction.

Think and Answer (Text Book Page No. 78)

 

Question 1. Which part of the leaf collects carbon dioxide?
Answer: Stomata, the small pores, found at the base of the leaf, collects carbon dioxide.
In simple words: Tiny holes called stomata, located mostly on the underside of a leaf, take in carbon dioxide from the air. This gas is needed for the plant to make food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stomata are crucial for gas exchange in plants, allowing carbon dioxide in and oxygen out during photosynthesis.

 

Question 2. Which part of the leaf transports water?
Answer: The vascular tissues, called xylem, transports water from the roots to the leaves.
In simple words: Inside the leaf, special tubes called xylem carry water all the way from the roots up to the leaves. This water is vital for the plant to live and grow.

🎯 Exam Tip: Xylem and phloem are the two main types of vascular tissue in plants, responsible for transporting water and food, respectively.

Think and Answer (Text Book Page No. 79)

 

Question 1. Why would living things not be able to live without plants?
Answer: Humans and animals depend on plants for their food either directly or indirectly. So, things would not be able to live without plants.
In simple words: Plants are very important because they make food for themselves and provide food for animals and humans. Without plants, no living thing would have food to eat or oxygen to breathe, so life on Earth would stop.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember that plants are the primary producers, forming the foundation of almost all food chains and producing oxygen for respiration.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 79)

Fill in the Blanks by Rearranging the Letters in the Bracket:

 

Question 1. During photosynthesis plants releases ______ (egxyno).
Answer: Oxygen
In simple words: When plants make food using sunlight, they also let out a gas called oxygen. Oxygen is very important for animals and humans to breathe.

🎯 Exam Tip: Oxygen is a crucial byproduct of photosynthesis, making plants essential for maintaining breathable air.

 

Question 2. ______ is a primary producer, (tanpl).
Answer: Plant
In simple words: A plant is called a primary producer because it makes its own food using sunlight. All other living things get their food from plants, directly or indirectly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of primary producers at the base of the food web; without them, higher trophic levels cannot sustain themselves.

 

Question 3. Stomata are seen in the ______ (owler) surface of the leaf.
Answer: Lower
In simple words: The stomata, which are tiny pores, are mostly found on the lower surface of a leaf. This helps reduce water loss because the lower surface is cooler and less exposed to direct sunlight.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stomata are typically more abundant on the lower epidermis to minimize water loss through transpiration.

 

Question 4. Pigment involved in the food ______ (phllylochor).
Answer: Chlorophyll
In simple words: Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that helps them capture sunlight to make food. It is what makes plants green.

🎯 Exam Tip: Chlorophyll's ability to absorb light energy is fundamental to the entire process of photosynthesis.

Let Us Do (Text Book Page No. 79)

 

Question 1. Take two potted plants. Keep one in sunlight and other in a fully covered box. Water them regularly. After a week observe the plants.
Answer:

This experiment clearly shows that sunlight is absolutely necessary for plants to grow and survive. Without light, plants cannot perform photosynthesis, which is how they create their food.
In simple words: The plant in sunlight grew big and healthy, but the plant in the dark box died. This proves plants need sunlight to live.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing experiments, clearly state the setup, the expected results, and the scientific conclusion drawn from the observation.

Let Us Do (Text Book Page No. 81)

 

Question 1. List out the flowering and Non-flowering plants in your surrounding.
Answer:

Flowering plants have flowers that help them reproduce and make seeds, while non-flowering plants use other methods like spores to reproduce. Observing the plants around you helps in identifying their type.
In simple words: Flowering plants make flowers, like a mango tree. Non-flowering plants, like ferns, do not make flowers but still grow.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly differentiate between flowering plants (angiosperms) and non-flowering plants (gymnosperms, ferns, mosses) based on their reproductive structures.

Let Us Do (Text Book Page No. 82)

 

Question 1. List out the places where you see the non-green plants.
Answer: Non-green plants grow on decaying organic matters such as cow-dung, wood, bread, etc. Mushroom, Bracket fungi grow in such places.
In simple words: Non-green plants, like mushrooms, do not make their own food. They grow on dead things like rotting wood, cow dung, or old bread because they feed on these decaying materials.

🎯 Exam Tip: Non-green plants, mostly fungi, are decomposers and play a vital role in nutrient cycling by breaking down dead organic matter.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 82)

Fill in the Blanks:

 

Question 1. ______ is an example for non flowering plant.
Answer: Algae/Fungi /Fern
In simple words: Ferns are plants that do not make flowers. They reproduce in other ways, often using spores.

🎯 Exam Tip: Non-flowering plants include a diverse group such as mosses, ferns, conifers, and algae.

 

Question 2. Plants are classified based on pigment and ______ of the plant.
Answer: Flower
In simple words: We can group plants based on their color (pigment) and if they have flowers or not. These are easy ways to tell different types of plants apart.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classification helps organize the vast diversity of plants, making it easier to study their characteristics.

 

Question 3. ______ depend on other organism to live and get their food.
Answer: Plants
In simple words: Some plants depend on other organisms for food, unlike most green plants that make their own. These plants are often parasites or have special ways of getting nutrients.

🎯 Exam Tip: Most plants are autotrophs, but some, like parasitic plants, have adapted to acquire nutrients from other organisms.

 

Question 4. Autotrophs use ______, ______ and chlorophyll to prepare their own food.
Answer: Atmosphere, light
In simple words: Autotrophs, which are like plants, use things from the air (carbon dioxide), sunlight, and their green chlorophyll to make their own food. They are self-sufficient.

🎯 Exam Tip: The term 'autotroph' literally means 'self-feeder,' highlighting their independence in food production.

III. Part of Flower:

 

Question 1. Which is your favourite flower?
Answer: Jasmine
In simple words: Many people like jasmine flowers because they smell very sweet. They are often used in perfumes and for decoration.

🎯 Exam Tip: Personal preference questions like this assess knowledge about common flowers; mention a popular or culturally significant flower.

 

Question 2. What is the colour of the flower?
Answer: White
In simple words: Jasmine flowers are usually white. Their white color often makes their sweet scent stand out even more.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a flower, its color is a key characteristic for identification and appreciation.

 

Question 3. How does it smell?
Answer: A sharp, sweet smell
In simple words: Jasmine flowers have a strong, sweet smell that is very pleasant. This lovely scent is why they are so popular.

🎯 Exam Tip: The fragrance of a flower is often a unique characteristic, used to attract pollinators or for human enjoyment.

Try to Answer (Text Book Page No. 83)

Fill in the Blanks:

 

Question 1. Sepals ______ the flower while it is still a bud.
Answer: Protect
In simple words: Sepals are like small green leaves that keep the baby flower safe when it is still closed in a bud. They protect it before it opens up.

🎯 Exam Tip: The sepals form the outermost layer of a flower, offering essential protection to the delicate inner parts.

 

Question 2. Stamen contains ______ grains.
Answer: Pollen
In simple words: The stamen, which is the male part of a flower, holds tiny pollen grains. These grains are crucial for making new seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pollen grains are the male gametes of flowering plants, necessary for fertilization and seed development.

 

Question 3. Pistil is ______ part of a flower.
Answer: Centre
In simple words: The pistil is located right in the center of the flower. It is the female part that helps in making fruits and seeds.

🎯 Exam Tip: The central position of the pistil facilitates efficient pollen capture, being surrounded by stamens and petals.

Let Us Do (Text Book Page No. 83)

 

Question 1. Bring few hibiscus flowers to the classroom. Distribute the flowers to children. Introduce the parts of the flower to them. Then, ask them to observe and feel the different parts of the flower and tell them to record their observation.
Answer:

Observing a real flower helps to understand the different parts and their colors. Hibiscus flowers are known for their vibrant petals and distinct reproductive structures. This hands-on activity makes learning about plant anatomy more engaging.
In simple words: When we look at a hibiscus flower, we see its petals are orange-red, the sepals are green, the pistil is light green, and the stamen parts are red (anther) and green (filament). Each part has its own unique color and feel.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practical observation of real flowers reinforces theoretical knowledge; pay attention to color, texture, and arrangement of each part.

Think And Answer (Text Book Page No. 84)

 

Question 1. Can you name the four seasons?
Answer: There are four main seasons: Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter. Each season brings different weather changes throughout the year.
In simple words: The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions asking for a list, make sure to name all the items clearly and completely.

Try To Answer (Text Book Page No. 86)

Find The Odd One:

 

Question 1. December, Tuberose, Tulip.
Answer: Tulip
In simple words: To find the odd one, you look for the item that is different from the others in the given group.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully analyze the common characteristics of the items to identify the one that stands out.

 

Question 2. Saffron, Tulip, Rose.
Answer: Rose
In simple words: In this group, the answer identified as the odd one is Rose.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider different categories like spices, flowers, or other plant parts when looking for the odd one out.

 

Question 3. Crotons, Boat lily, Rose.
Answer: Rose
In simple words: Rose is the item chosen as the odd one from this list.

🎯 Exam Tip: Sometimes the "odd one out" depends on a specific, less obvious characteristic, so think broadly about plant types.

Fill In The Blanks:

 

Question 1. _______ flower is used as food.
Answer: Banana
In simple words: Banana flower is something people cook and eat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that different parts of various plants, not just fruits, are edible and used in cooking.

 

Question 2. _______ part of the potato plant is used as food.
Answer: Stem
In simple words: The potato we eat is actually the stem of the plant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many common vegetables like potatoes are modified stems, roots, or leaves, not just fruits or flowers.

 

Question 3. Stem of the _______ stores food in it.
Answer: plant
In simple words: The stem of a plant holds its food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Plant stems have various important jobs, including supporting leaves and storing vital nutrients.

 

Question 4. Seeds are rich in _______ and _______.
Answer: Carbohydrates, proteins
In simple words: Seeds have a lot of carbohydrates and proteins inside them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Seeds are an important source of energy and building blocks for the body, crucial for new plant growth.

Let Us Do (Text Book Page No. 89)

 

Question 1. Complete the table to show which parts of the plant we eat.
Answer:

In simple words: This table shows which part of different plants we eat, such as the roots of carrots, the fruits of bananas, or the leaves of moringo.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing which specific part of a plant is edible helps us understand its biology and nutritional value.

Samacheer Kalvi 4th Science Guide Plants Additional Questions And Answers

I. Choose The Correct Answer:

 

Question 1. The _______ runs along the centre of the leaf
(a) Veins
(b) Midrib
(c) Petiole
(d) Lamina
Answer: (b) Midrib
In simple words: The midrib is the central line you see on a leaf that helps support it.

🎯 Exam Tip: The midrib is a key feature of a leaf's structure, acting like a spine to provide support and transport nutrients.

 

Question 2.
(a) India
(b) Australia
(c) Indonesia
(d) South Africa
Answer: (c) Indonesia
In simple words: This question asks about a specific location or origin. Indonesia is the correct choice among the options.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a question seems incomplete, carefully review all options to infer the most probable context and choose the best available answer.

 

Question 3. Bamboo plants can grow upto _______ in one day.
(a) 60 cm
(b) 70 cm
(c) 80 cm
(d) 90 cm
Answer: (d) 90 cm
In simple words: Bamboo can grow very fast, even up to 90 cm in just one day.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific measurements or facts related to plant growth for such questions, as precision is important.

II. Fill In The Blanks With Suitable Answer:

 

Question 1. The broad flat part of the leaf _______
Answer: Lamina
In simple words: The flat, wide part of a leaf is called the lamina.

🎯 Exam Tip: The lamina, also known as the leaf blade, is essential for photosynthesis and capturing sunlight.

 

Question 2. _______ helps the plants to breathe.
Answer: Stomata
In simple words: Stomata are small openings that help plants take in air.

🎯 Exam Tip: Stomata are tiny pores, mostly on the underside of leaves, vital for gas exchange and water regulation.

 

Question 3. _______ food is made in their green stems.
Answer: Cactus
In simple words: Cactus plants make their food in their green stems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Cacti have adapted to dry desert environments by using their stems for photosynthesis instead of leaves.

 

Question 4. The largest flower in the world is _______
Answer: Rafflesia
In simple words: Rafflesia is the biggest flower in the whole world.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember unique characteristics and record-holders in the plant kingdom for general knowledge questions.

III. Write True Or False:

 

Question 1. The seasons are four.
Answer: True
In simple words: Yes, there are four seasons.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always confirm general knowledge facts related to nature and environmental cycles.

 

Question 2. Bamboo plants can grow upto 70cm in the day.
Answer: False
In simple words: No, bamboo can grow more than 70 cm a day, sometimes up to 90 cm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise with numerical facts; a small difference in measurement can make a statement false.

IV. Answer Briefly:

 

Question 1. What are primary producers?
Answer: Primary producers are organisms, mainly plants, that create their own food using energy from the sun through photosynthesis. They form the base of the food chain, providing food for all other living things.
In simple words: Primary producers are plants that make their own food and feed other living things.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of producers in an ecosystem as they are the first source of energy for the entire food chain.

 

Question 2. How are plants classified?
Answer: Plants are grouped or classified in many ways based on their different features. These features can include their stems, how long they live, the types of seeds they have, and the color or presence of their flowers. Understanding these categories helps us study plants better.
In simple words: Plants are sorted into groups based on things like their stems, how long they live, their seeds, and their flowers or colors.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classification helps scientists organize and understand the vast diversity of plant life in a structured way.

V. Answer Briefly:

 

Question 1. Differentiate : Flowering plants and Non-flowering plants
Answer:

In simple words: Flowering plants make flowers and seeds to grow new plants, like mango trees. Non-flowering plants do not make flowers and use special parts called spores, like ferns.

🎯 Exam Tip: The main difference between flowering and non-flowering plants lies in their reproductive methods and the presence or absence of flowers.