RBSE Solutions Class 8 Social Science Chapter 19 Social reforms and Ideological Change

Rajasthan Board Class 8 Social Science Textbook Questions Solved

Question 1. Who established the Theosophical Society in India?
(a) Surji Bhagat
(b) Swami Vivekanand
(c) Sayyed Ahmed Khan
(d) Anne Besant
Answer: (d) Anne Besant
In simple words: Anne Besant helped to set up the Theosophical Society in India. She was a very important leader in this spiritual movement.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember key figures and their associated organizations for such history questions.

Question 2. Who had founded Satya Shodhak Samaj?
(a) Jyotiba Phule
(b) Swami Dayanand
(c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
(d) Govind Guru
Answer: (a) Jyotiba Phule
In simple words: Jyotiba Phule established the Satya Shodhak Samaj. This group worked to make society fairer and fight against unfair treatment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the founders of major social reform movements; they are common exam topics.

Question 3. Who had formed Brahma Samaj?
Answer: Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahma Samaj. This was a new religious and social reform group in India. He wanted to change old, harmful customs and promote education.
In simple words: Raja Ram Mohan Roy started the Brahma Samaj.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect key reformers like Raja Ram Mohan Roy with the specific organizations they established, such as the Brahma Samaj.

Question 4. Write the contribution of Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan.
Answer: Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan contributed greatly to modernizing the Muslim community in India. He worked hard to spread education among Muslims, aiming to make their society more forward-thinking. He also spoke about the importance of unity between Hindus and Muslims, famously calling them "the two eyes of Mother India." He founded the Scientific Society and passed away in Aligarh in 1898. His efforts helped bridge traditional values with modern knowledge.
In simple words: Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan helped educate Muslims and worked for Hindu-Muslim unity. He started the Scientific Society.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about contributions, list specific actions, organizations, and key ideas associated with the historical figure.

Question 5. Give a brief description of Maangarh Hatyakaand (Massacre).
Answer: The Maangarh Massacre happened in 1913. Govind Guru worked tirelessly to improve the lives of scheduled castes and fought against social problems like drinking and theft. He also promoted economic reforms, such as using local goods. The British government opposed his work. In 1913, the British army attacked a gathering on Mangarh hill, leading to the deaths of 1500 people. Govind Guru was arrested during this incident. This event highlighted the resistance against British rule and social injustice.
In simple words: The Maangarh Massacre was when the British army attacked a meeting led by Govind Guru in 1913, killing many people. Govind Guru worked for social reforms but was opposed by the British.

🎯 Exam Tip: Include the year, main event, key figures, and the impact when describing historical incidents.

Question 6. What inspiration can be drawn from the life of Swami Vivekanand by the youth?
Answer: Young people can learn a lot from Swami Vivekananda's life. He taught that true religion comes from within us, not just from books, and that it encourages a spirit of nationalism for all, regardless of faith. Vivekananda emphasized that serving God means helping the poor and weaker parts of society. He encouraged youth to overcome narrow communal feelings and work for the betterment of all humanity. His teachings inspire universal acceptance and selfless service.
In simple words: Swami Vivekananda taught youth to be nationalistic, serve the poor, and rise above narrow group thinking. True religion means helping everyone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the universal values and messages when discussing inspirational figures like Swami Vivekananda.

Question 7. Write the contribution of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar.
Answer: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar made significant contributions, especially in women's education and widow remarriage. He championed education for girls, leading to the establishment of many girls' schools. He strongly supported the remarriage of widows, a bold stance in his time, and even arranged for his own son to marry a widow to set an example. His hard work was crucial in the passing of the Widow Remarriage Act in 1856. This act brought a legal framework for social change.
In simple words: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar worked for girls' education and helped pass the Widow Remarriage Act in 1856. He also supported widows marrying again.

🎯 Exam Tip: When detailing contributions, mention the specific social issues addressed, actions taken, and any legislative outcomes.

Question 8. Narrate the efforts made by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and Swami Vivekanand towards Social Reforms.
Answer:
**Raja Ram Mohan Roy:** He actively campaigned against the terrible practice of Sati (widow immolation). Born in Bengal, he learned many languages and studied ancient scriptures. Through his efforts and the influence of the Brahma Samaj, the government passed a law making Sati illegal and punishable. This helped remove the evil practice from society. He was a pioneer in modern Indian reform.
**Swami Vivekananda:** He became famous in the late 19th century. Born in Calcutta in 1863, he gained spiritual wisdom from his guru, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. Vivekananda impressed people globally, including at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893, by explaining Hindu philosophy. He believed that serving the poor and suffering was true service to God. He worked to end poverty and untouchability, taught that religion develops from within, and fostered a sense of nationalism. He founded the Ramakrishna Mission to serve society, which continues its work today. Both leaders brought profound changes to Indian society.
In simple words: Raja Ram Mohan Roy fought against Sati and helped ban it. Swami Vivekananda worked to end poverty, untouchability, and spread Hindu philosophy, creating the Ramakrishna Mission.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing multiple figures, address each one's contributions separately and clearly to ensure all aspects of the question are covered.

Question 9. Describe the contribution of Arya Samaj.
Answer: The Arya Samaj made several important contributions to social reform and education. They strongly opposed child marriage. They also fought for the rights of women and Dalits to receive education and study the Vedas. The Arya Samaj promoted key ideas such as 'Swadharma' (one's own duty), 'Swadesh' (one's own country), and 'Swabhasha' (one's own language). Its members also took part in the national movement for independence. They played a big role in spreading education by establishing Arya Gurukuls and D.A.V. Schools. Their work helped modernize Indian society.
In simple words: Arya Samaj opposed child marriage, supported women's and Dalit's education, promoted national ideas, and spread learning through schools.

🎯 Exam Tip: For contributions of organizations, list specific reforms, educational initiatives, and ideological impacts in a clear, numbered or bulleted format.

RBSE Solutions for Class 8 Additional Questions Solved

I. Fill in the Blanks

Question 1. ... and ... were associated with women education.
Answer: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Savitribai Phule were associated with women education. These reformers worked hard to open schools and spread learning among girls, changing society's views.
In simple words: Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar and Savitribai Phule worked for women's education.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall key figures who championed specific causes like women's education.

II. Match the following

Question 2. Jyotiba Phule was a social reformer of............
(i)Punjab
(ii) Maharashtra
(iii) Karnataka
(iv) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: (ii) Maharashtra
In simple words: Jyotiba Phule was a social reformer who came from Maharashtra. He worked to uplift lower castes and promote women's education.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link prominent reformers with their native regions or primary areas of work for accuracy.

Question. Match the following reformers with their associated movements or contributions.
1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
2. Dayanand Saraswati
3. Keshab Chandra Sen
4. Tarabai Shinde
5. Vivekananda
Answer:
1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy - (b) Abolition of Sati
2. Dayanand Saraswati - (a) Arya Samaj
3. Keshab Chandra Sen - (e) Brahmo Samaj
4. Tarabai Shinde - (d) Stri Purush Tulna
5. Vivekananda - (c) Founded the Ramakrishna Mission
The correct matches connect these historical figures with their major social reforms or organizations. For example, Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a key figure in ending the practice of Sati.
In simple words: Raja Ram Mohan Roy worked against Sati. Dayanand Saraswati founded Arya Samaj. Keshab Chandra Sen was with Brahmo Samaj. Tarabai Shinde wrote 'Stri Purush Tulna'. Vivekananda started the Ramakrishna Mission.

🎯 Exam Tip: Create flashcards to memorize reformers and their key contributions or organizations.

III. Answer one word

Question 2. When was Brahmo Samaj founded?
Answer: 1830. The Brahmo Samaj was formally established in this year by Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
In simple words: Brahmo Samaj was started in the year 1830.

🎯 Exam Tip: Dates for significant historical events or formations of organizations are important to remember.

Question 3. Who was Ramkrishna Paramhansa?
Answer: Ramkrishna Paramhansa was the spiritual teacher, or Guru, of Swami Vivekananda. His teachings had a profound influence on Vivekananda's philosophy.
In simple words: He was the teacher of Swami Vivekananda.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the relationships between key historical figures, especially teachers and disciples, helps build a complete picture.

Question 4. Who was the founder of D.A.V?
Answer: Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (D.A.V.) educational institutions. These schools were started to blend modern education with traditional Vedic values.
In simple words: Swami Dayananda Saraswati started the D.A.V. schools.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember founders of educational movements, as they often reflect broader social reform goals.