RBSE Solutions Class 12 English Writing Factual Description

Factual Description

A factual description provides a step-by-step account of an event or process. It is an organized explanation of an activity, experiment, or procedure. Ideas are presented in a structured way, with the most important information given first, followed by less important details.

Factual Description लिखते समय निम्न पहलुओं पर ध्यान दें -

• (i) शीर्षक (title) को पेज के ठीक बीच में लिखें।
• (ii) शीर्षक वे वर्णित विषय के बीच नियत gap रखें।
• (iii) भाषा सरल, सुसंगठित, स्पष्ट व बोधगम्य हो।
• (iv) शब्द सीमा का विशेष ध्यान रखें।

सामान्यतया निम्नलिखित विषयों पर Factual Description लिखे जा सकते हैं -

(a) Person-Based

A factual description can be written about the life of an important person, their intellectual and emotional qualities, or any significant event related to their life.

(e) Physical appearance

(f) Dress

(g) Mental & Moral qualities

(h) Actions

(i) Opinion of others

(b) Place-Based

A factual description can also be written based on an important place, highlighting its special features or characteristics.

• (a) Name of the place
• (b) Atmosphere
• (c) Features
• (d) Importance
• (e) Other information (if any)

(c) Object-Based

A factual description can also be written to describe a specific object by mentioning its color, design, usefulness, or unique features.

• (a) Name of the object
• (b) Structural arrangement-shape, size, made of, capacity
• (c) Operational details
• (d) Value

(d) Event-Based

A factual description can also be about an important event. Here, we can provide information about the venue, time of the event, programs, chief guest, and other relevant details.

• (a) Name of the event
• (b) Time
• (c) Chief guest/chairperson
• (d) Programmes organised
• (e) Any other relevant information

Some Examples Of Factual Descriptions

 

Question 2. Write a factual description in about 100 words on “Global Warming".
Answer: Global warming is a worldwide problem where the Earth's temperature goes up. The main reason for this is gases like methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide, known as greenhouse gases. Imagine parking a car on a sunny day; it gets very hot inside because sunlight enters but cannot easily escape. This is similar to how the Earth's atmosphere traps heat. This trapped heat leads to warmer temperatures across the globe, causing various environmental changes. One small step to help is to use less energy at home.
In simple words: Global warming means the Earth is getting hotter. It is caused by gases that trap heat, like in a car parked in the sun.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing environmental issues, remember to include causes (like greenhouse gases), effects (rising temperatures), and simple examples to make the concept clear.

 

Question 3. Write a factual description in about 100 words on “Laughter: A Good Medicine.”
Answer: When someone feels stressed, they always need something to help them relax. Laughter is one of the best ways to relieve stress. It is very true to say that laughter is the best medicine. While there are many ways to de-stress, a good laugh works wonders. Laughter helps release special chemicals called endorphins, which reduce stress in the body. It also helps your heart work better and even exercises your muscles. Laughing helps you feel positive and ready to face your tasks. Sharing a laugh with others builds stronger connections and a sense of community.
In simple words: Laughter is a great stress reliever and good for health. It releases happy chemicals, helps your heart, and keeps your mind positive.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing about a concept like 'laughter as medicine,' explain how it works (releasing endorphins), its benefits (stress relief, heart health), and why it's important for overall well-being.

 

Question 4. Fruits are very important for health. Write "Four Health Benefits of Water Melon” in about 100 words.
Answer: Watermelon offers great health benefits. It contains lycopene, which can lower the risk of prostate cancer and heart disease. It also has Vitamin B-6, which helps the brain produce chemicals that fight anxiety and panic. Watermelon is rich in Vitamin C, which boosts your immune system and helps your body fight infections. Lastly, it contains Vitamin A, which, like Vitamin C, helps combat infections and prevents blindness. Eating watermelon regularly is almost like taking a daily multivitamin. Enjoying seasonal fruits helps your body get the nutrients it needs naturally.
In simple words: Watermelon has lycopene for heart health, Vitamin B-6 for brain health, and Vitamins C and A to fight sickness and help your eyes.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions asking for a specific number of benefits, ensure each benefit is clearly stated and briefly explained. Use simple, direct language.

 

Question 5. There are so many forms of exercises for health. Write a factual description in about 100 words on "Rope skipping: A Great Exercise."
Answer: Rope skipping is an excellent cardio workout that greatly improves your body's coordination and balance. Doing it regularly can boost your endurance. Some benefits of rope skipping include being a cheap way to lose weight. You can skip rope almost anywhere—indoors, outdoors, at the gym, or at home. You only need a small clear space around you. This exercise can be a refreshing change if you are tired of repeating the same old routines. It burns calories quickly and engages all your muscle groups, helping to strengthen your entire body. Plus, it's a fun way to stay active.
In simple words: Rope skipping is a good exercise for your heart, balance, and coordination. It helps you lose weight, burns calories fast, and works all your body muscles.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing an exercise, highlight its key benefits, how and where it can be performed, and why it's effective for overall fitness.

 

Question 6. Write a factual description in about 100 words on “Merits of City Life.”
Answer: City life offers many advantages. Houses are built in a planned way, and cities have wide roads, electricity, and various shops where anything can be easily bought or sold. All kinds of transport facilities are available, along with good hospitals, schools, and colleges for quality education. Cities also have courts and skilled doctors. Water is supplied regularly, and parks are available for walking. Even less fortunate people can support themselves through small businesses or manual jobs. Public libraries offer free access to books and magazines. A good police presence helps maintain law and order. The availability of diverse services makes city life convenient and engaging.
In simple words: City life has planned homes, wide roads, electricity, and many shops. It offers good transport, hospitals, schools, and job opportunities for everyone.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing merits, organize your points by categories like infrastructure, services, education, and social aspects, providing a diverse view.

 

Question 7. Write a factual description on “Demerits of City Life" in about 100 words.
Answer: The advantages of city life are often only for the wealthy, not for poor people. Many poor residents live in slums or small huts, lacking access to clean air and other basic necessities, and often suffer from diseases. They cannot afford good housing. Heavy traffic causes a lot of pollution in cities. There are more crimes and accidents in cities compared to villages, where people often live in a friendlier way. In cities, a sense of community is often missing. The high cost of living can also make it hard for people to thrive, especially for those with lower incomes. This can create a constant struggle for many city dwellers.
In simple words: City life is expensive, often lacks clean air, and has more crime and traffic. Poor people suffer, and there is less community feeling compared to villages.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing demerits, focus on social inequalities, environmental issues, safety concerns, and the impact on community spirit.

 

Question 8. Write a factual description in about 100 words on “The Golden Temple” situated in Amritsar.
Answer: The Golden Temple, also known as Harmandir Sahib, is a very holy place for Sikhs. It is located in Amritsar and is as famous as 'Darbar Sahib'. The temple stands in the middle of a large pool, which Guru Ram Das dug in 1589. This pond is called 'Amrit Kund' or 'The Pool of Immortality'. A beautiful marble bridge leads to the temple, and its dome is covered with gold. Inside, the holy book of the Sikhs, 'The Guru Granth Sahib', is kept, and a Granthi (religious reader) recites verses from it. In front of the temple is the Akal Takhat, meaning 'Throne of God'. People from all over India visit this sacred place for its spiritual significance. The peaceful atmosphere and stunning architecture make it a cherished destination for many.
In simple words: The Golden Temple in Amritsar is a holy place for Sikhs, famous for its golden dome and the 'Pool of Immortality'. People from all over India visit it.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a monument, include its location, significance, historical details, key features, and why it attracts visitors.

 

Question 9. Your friend has been issued an ATM card for the first time. Give instructions to him for operating it for various purposes in about 100 words.
Answer: To use your new ATM card, first insert it into the machine in the slot shown. Select your preferred language. When asked, enter your Personal Identification Number (PIN). The ATM will then display various options. Choose what you want to do, like 'Fast Cash', 'Withdrawal', or 'PIN Change', from the menu. Once your transaction is complete, please remember to take your card and your cash/receipt. Always keep your ATM card safe for future use. It's crucial to memorize your PIN and never share it with anyone to protect your money.
In simple words: Insert card, choose language, enter PIN, select your task like withdrawing money, then take your card and cash. Keep your PIN secret and your card safe.

🎯 Exam Tip: When giving instructions, use clear, step-by-step language and include important safety advice like keeping the PIN secret and collecting the card.

 

Question 10. Write a factual description in about 100 words on "The Taj Mahal", one of the seven wonders of the world.
Answer: The Taj Mahal is a magnificent monument, symbolizing everlasting love, and is considered one of the seven wonders of the world. It stands beautifully on the banks of the Yamuna River, facing the Agra Fort. The Taj Mahal is celebrated as a prime example of stunning architecture and artistic beauty. Emperor Shah Jahan built it in 1653 in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. To truly appreciate its beauty, especially the essence of love it represents, you should visit it during sunrise or sunset. The Taj looks enchanting under the moonlight, attracting thousands of visitors from across the globe throughout the year. Its intricate marble work is a testament to its timeless artistry.
In simple words: The Taj Mahal in Agra is a beautiful monument built by Shah Jahan for his wife, a symbol of eternal love. It looks amazing at sunrise, sunset, or under moonlight, attracting many visitors.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a landmark, mention its location, purpose, creator, significant features, and best times to visit to capture its essence.

 

Question 11. Write a factual description of 'Flood Scene' in about 100 words.
Answer: In September 2014, heavy rains caused the Jhelum and Chenab rivers in the Kashmir Valley to overflow. This resulted in large parts of the Kashmir Valley and Jammu being submerged under water. Many large buildings and expensive hotels collapsed. There was extensive loss of life and property. The Indian Army and other social workers bravely rescued people, though many still lost their lives. Quick relief efforts helped prevent the spread of diseases after the floods. People across the country showed great support and sympathy for the affected residents of Jammu and Kashmir. The resilience of the local communities during such a crisis was truly inspiring.
In simple words: Heavy rains in 2014 caused floods in Kashmir, submerging areas, destroying buildings, and causing many deaths. The army rescued people, and relief work helped, with many sympathizing.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a disaster, include key details like the cause, location, immediate impact (loss of life/property), rescue efforts, and broader public response.

 

Question 12. Write a factual description of 'How I Celebrated My Birthday'.
Answer: My birthday is a very special day for me. After getting blessings from my parents, I visit a temple to pray for God's blessings. Like every year, my parents celebrated it on March 10th. Many friends and relatives were invited to join the celebration. In the evening, everyone came to my house. I greeted them warmly and then cut a large cake. I lit seventeen candles, as I had turned seventeen that day. Some friends sang and danced, and I received many gifts from my friends and relatives. All the guests enjoyed the food, and then they left. It was a day filled with joy and special memories, making it truly memorable.
In simple words: I celebrated my birthday on March 10th with family and friends. We had a cake, lit candles, received gifts, and everyone enjoyed the party.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a personal event, organize details chronologically, including preparations, guests, key activities (like cutting cake), and feelings about the event.

 

Question 14. A students' union was formed in your school. Different portfolios were given to students. Write the functions of the students of different portfolios in about 100 words. (S.S. Exam 2013)
Answer: A students' union was recently formed in our school, with various roles assigned to students. Each role has specific duties. The president of the union acts as the leader, overseeing all other positions. The Education Minister is responsible for educational facilities and manages vacant periods with help from senior students. The Defence Minister ensures the safety of students and their belongings, such as books, tiffin boxes, and bicycles. The Home Minister maintains peace and order in the school, promoting harmony among students. This structure helps students develop leadership and responsibility. We hope this union will work successfully and make our school a better place for everyone.
In simple words: Our school formed a students' union with different roles: president leads, education minister handles studies, defense minister ensures safety, and home minister keeps peace. It helps students learn leadership.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing roles in a students' union, list each position and clearly state its main responsibilities. Add an opening and closing statement about the union's overall purpose.

 

Question 15. Write a factual description in about 100 words on SCOUTING OR NCC OR NSS CAMP. (Anyone) (S. S. Supp. Exam 2013)
Answer: The future of our country depends on its youth. It is the government's duty to guide them well. The National Cadet Corps (NCC) is one organization that trains young people in the right way. With this goal in mind, NCC should be made mandatory in all schools. NCC teaches young people to defend the country's honor. Many youths get chances to show their leadership skills through NCC. It also creates new opportunities for adventure. NCC cadets played a vital part in India's wars in 1962 (Indo-China), 1965, and 1971 (Indo-Pak) to protect our country's freedom. These programs instill discipline and a sense of duty, preparing young citizens for future challenges.
In simple words: NCC trains young people to be good leaders and defenders of the country. It teaches discipline and offers adventure, helping protect our nation's freedom.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing an organization like NCC, explain its mission, what it teaches, the opportunities it provides, and any historical impact it has had.

 

Question 16. Write a factual description of ‘Your School Morning Assembly in about 100 words. (S.S. Exam 2015)
Answer: Our school's morning assembly is a very important part of the school day. It helps students understand the value of collective prayer and moral principles, ensuring a good start to the day. Educational talks also provide spiritual guidance. Thinking deeply and looking inward are key parts of this assembly. Classes hold assemblies every school day, featuring discussions on general knowledge and current events. Students must arrive at school before the assembly begins to participate fully. This daily gathering helps foster a sense of community and readiness for learning among all students.
In simple words: Our school morning assembly is important for a good start to the day. It includes prayers, moral talks, and current events, and all students must attend on time.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a regular school activity, highlight its importance, key components, and how it contributes to the students' development and daily routine.

 

Question 17. Write a factual description in about 100 words on the topic"Pleasures of morning walk'. (S.S. Exam 2016)
Answer: A morning walk offers many benefits. It is one of the best exercises for our health, keeping our minds fresh and bodies fit. It helps us work more efficiently throughout the day and also prevents many diseases. Doctors often advise older patients to walk regularly in the morning. Since there is less pollution in the morning, we can breathe pure oxygen into our lungs. The environment is calm, allowing us to enjoy nature's beauty. It acts as a tonic for both body and mind. It costs nothing but provides great health benefits. Therefore, we should all enjoy a morning walk every day. This simple routine can significantly improve overall well-being and energy levels.
In simple words: Morning walks are good for health, keeping mind and body fresh. They help fight diseases, provide clean air, and are a free way to enjoy nature and stay healthy.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing about the benefits of an activity, ensure you list specific advantages (physical, mental, environmental) and emphasize its accessibility and cost-effectiveness.

 

Question 18. Write a factual description in about 100 words on 'A House on Fire'. (S.S. Exam 2017)
Answer: One afternoon at 3:30, sudden shouts were heard, drawing the attention of nearby residents. Many women and children were crying loudly. People rushed to the scene to find a house engulfed in flames. People were throwing water and sand on the fire, while others pulled children out of the burning house. Flames shot high into the sky, and smoke filled the air everywhere. Fortunately, the fire brigade arrived quickly and brought the fire under control within half an hour. Luckily, everyone inside was safe. This incident served as a stark reminder of the importance of fire safety precautions.
In simple words: A house caught fire one afternoon, with shouts and cries filling the air. People tried to put it out, and the fire brigade arrived quickly. Luckily, everyone was safe after the fire was controlled.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a dramatic event like a fire, include sensory details (shouts, smoke, flames), actions of people, arrival of help, and the outcome.

 

Question 19. Write a factual description of a railway platform in about 100 words with the help inputs: (Sample Paper 2018) Platform ticket hue and cry.......................gathering honking noise of vendors. whistling sound.... rushing long queues at the ticket windows bookstall moving trains.
Answer: A railway platform is a busy place where trains arrive and depart, and passengers get on or off. You need a proper train ticket or platform ticket to enter. It becomes a place of great activity and noise when a train is due. Many passengers and their relatives gather to see off or welcome travelers. Vendors move around, selling their goods with loud calls and honking. When a train arrives or leaves, it makes a whistling sound, causing a rush of people. Long queues can be seen at the booking windows. People also buy books from bookstalls. Once the train departs, the platform quickly becomes quiet and deserted. The constant flow of people makes it a dynamic hub of activity.
In simple words: A railway platform is busy with trains, passengers, and vendors. People buy tickets, wait in lines, and rush when a train arrives. It gets quiet once the train leaves.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a busy public place like a railway platform, include details about the sounds, sights, types of people, and common activities, using keywords from the prompt.

A Road Accident

One morning, a car was speeding on the highway when a child suddenly ran in front of it. The driver tried to stop the car without signaling, but a loaded truck behind it could not stop in time. The truck hit the car hard. Luckily, no one was seriously hurt. Three passengers and the car driver were taken to the hospital for minor injuries. However, the back of the car was badly damaged. The truck driver tried to run away but was caught by people on the spot and handed over to the police. This incident highlights the need for careful driving and defensive actions on busy roads.

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