RBSE Solutions Class 11 English Festoon Chapter 9 A Talk on Advertising

RBSE Class 11 English Festoon Chapter 9 Textual Activities

Activity - 1: Comprehension

Tick the correct alternative:

Question 1. The creation of want or need where it is not required is
(a) a useful one
(b) a mischief
(c) praiseworthy
(d) needed to be encouraged
Answer: (b) a mischief
In simple words: Creating a desire for something that isn't really needed is considered a harmful act or a trick.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the author's tone and perspective in the passage to correctly identify their viewpoint on advertising.

Question 2. 'It has given me a chance to do a beautiful and good thing.' The chance is to request people around him to give up the business of
(a) making clothes
(b) advertising
(c) teaching
(d) preaching
Answer: (b) advertising
In simple words: The speaker feels good about asking people to stop working in advertising.

🎯 Exam Tip: For quotation-based questions, identify the core message or action associated with the quote within the given context.

B. Answer to the following questions should not exceed 10-15 words each:

Question 1. What, according to the essayist, is money? निबंधकार के अनुसार धन क्या है?
Answer: According to the essayist, money is just a token used for exchange. We use it to get things we want. निबंधकार के अनुसार, धन केवल अदला-बदली का एक माध्यम है। हम इसका उपयोग चीजें प्राप्त करने के लिए करते हैं।
In simple words: Money is simply a tool for swapping things, not something valuable in itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for a definition according to an author, use their specific terms and brief explanations directly related to their viewpoint.

Question 2. What does an advertising man do? विज्ञापन करने वाला व्यक्ति क्या करता है?
Answer: An advertising man makes people want things they didn't desire before. विज्ञापन करने वाला व्यक्ति लोगों को उन चीजों की इच्छा करने के लिए प्रेरित करता है जिनकी उन्हें पहले इच्छा नहीं थी।
In simple words: An advertiser makes you want things you never thought you needed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the main function described for the profession, avoiding extra details to keep the answer concise.

Question 3. In case of which articles greater advertising effort is needed? किन वस्तुओं के मामले में विज्ञापन के अधिक बड़े प्रयास की आवश्यकता होती है?
Answer: More advertising effort is needed for articles that are not very useful or are useless for people. उन वस्तुओं के लिए अधिक विज्ञापन प्रयास की आवश्यकता होती है जो लोगों के लिए ज्यादा उपयोगी नहीं होतीं या बेकार होती हैं।
In simple words: More advertising is needed for products people don't really need.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the need for advertising directly to the nature or utility of the products mentioned in the text.

Question 4. विज्ञापनबाज़ी की सबसे बड़ी बुराई क्या है?
Answer: The greatest evil of advertising is that it harms everything that is good and beautiful. विज्ञापनबाजी की सबसे बड़ी बुराई यह है कि यह प्रत्येक अच्छी और सुंदर वस्तु को नुकसान पहुँचाती है।
In simple words: Advertising's biggest fault is that it spoils good and beautiful things.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the primary negative effect of advertising as per the lesson's teaching.

Question 5. What does advertising do to everything that is good and beautiful? प्रत्येक अच्छी एवं सुन्दर चीज के साथ विज्ञापनबाज़ी क्या करती है?
Answer: Advertising spoils and uses every good and beautiful thing for commercial purposes. यह प्रत्येक अच्छी और सुंदर वस्तु को खराब कर देती है और उसे व्यापार के लिए इस्तेमाल करती है।
In simple words: Advertising takes beautiful things and makes them just about selling.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight how advertising changes the perception or purpose of good and beautiful things.

Answer to the following questions should not exceed 30-40 words each:

Question 1. Why is Wouk against earning livelihood through advertising? वौक विज्ञापनबाजी से आजीविका कमाने के विरुद्ध क्यों है?
Answer: Wouk believes advertising only encourages people to desire things they don't truly need. He feels that useless items are sold through clever tricks, which also leads to social and moral problems. वौक का मानना है कि विज्ञापनबाजी केवल लोगों को उन चीजों की चाहत पैदा करती है जिनकी उन्हें वास्तव में आवश्यकता नहीं होती। उनका मानना है कि बेकार की चीजें चालाकी से बेची जाती हैं, और इससे सामाजिक तथा नैतिक बुराइयाँ भी पैदा होती हैं।
In simple words: Wouk dislikes advertising because it creates fake needs and causes moral issues by selling unnecessary things.

🎯 Exam Tip: Summarize Wouk's main ethical objections, focusing on the creation of artificial wants and the resulting societal harm.

Question 2. Describe, with suitable examples, the misuse of language in advertising. विज्ञापन कार्य में भाषा के दुरुपयोग का उपयुक्त उदाहरणों सहित वर्णन कीजिए।
Answer: Advertising makes language cheap and stops it from being a truthful way to communicate. It damages language through constant repetition, improper use of famous phrases, and spelling changes. Examples like "Aurora Dawn" for repetition and "Dubl-Bubl" for misusing famous phrases show this. विज्ञापन भाषा को सस्ता बना देती है और उसे विचारों के आदान-प्रदान का एक सच्चा माध्यम नहीं रहने देती। यह बार-बार दोहराने, प्रसिद्ध वाक्यांशों का गलत इस्तेमाल करने और वर्तनी को बिगाड़ने से भाषा को खराब करती है। "ऑरोरा डॉन" दोहराव का उदाहरण है और "डबल-बबल" प्रसिद्ध वाक्यांशों के दुरुपयोग का उदाहरण है।
In simple words: Advertising makes language seem cheap and untrustworthy by repeating things and changing words in odd ways, like with "Aurora Dawn" or "Dubl-Bubl".

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide clear examples from the text to support your explanation of how language is misused in advertising.

Question 3. What is the aim of the occupation of advertising? विज्ञापन के कार्य का उद्देश्य क्या होता है?
Answer: Advertising aims to make people want more things than they naturally need. It tricks people into buying even the most useless and undesirable items. This way, advertising creates demand where no real need existed. विज्ञापन का उद्देश्य लोगों को उनकी प्राकृतिक आवश्यकता से अधिक चीजें उपयोग करने के लिए प्रेरित करना है। यह लोगों को मूर्ख बनाकर उन्हें सबसे अनुपयोगी और अवांछित वस्तुएँ खरीदने को तैयार करता है। इस प्रकार, विज्ञापन वहाँ भी आवश्यकता पैदा कर देता है जहाँ उसकी कोई जरूरत नहीं होती।
In simple words: Advertising's goal is to make people want things they don't truly need, often by tricking them into buying useless items.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the underlying motive of advertising: to generate artificial demand and persuade consumers to purchase.

Question 4. When does language cease to be an honest method of exchange? भाषा विचारों के आदान-प्रदान का सच्चा तरीका होना कब बन्द कर देती है?
Answer: Language stops being an honest way to communicate when it becomes so cheapened that people cannot tell the difference between a lie and the truth. Eventually, all spoken words become untrustworthy. Advertising helps create this situation. भाषा तब विचारों के आदान-प्रदान का एक ईमानदार तरीका नहीं रह जाती जब उसे इतना सस्ता बना दिया जाता है कि लोग झूठ और सच के बीच अंतर नहीं कर पाते। अंततः, सभी बातें अविश्वसनीय हो जाती हैं। विज्ञापन ऐसी स्थिति पैदा करने में मदद करता है।
In simple words: Language loses its honesty when it's made so cheap that people can't tell truth from lies, making everything seem unreliable. Advertising often causes this.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the degradation of language by advertising, emphasizing the loss of trust and difficulty in distinguishing truth from falsehood.

Question 5. How is the work of a person in advertising different from that of others? विज्ञापन के व्यवसाय में लगे व्यक्ति का कार्य अन्य लोगों के कार्य से किस प्रकारे भिन्न होता है?
Answer: People usually value and pay for the useful services others provide. However, an advertising person only tempts people to buy unnecessary, useless, and unwanted things. Advertising professionals often damage good and beautiful things, while others create them. लोग आमतौर पर दूसरों द्वारा प्रदान की गई उपयोगी सेवाओं की सराहना करते हैं और उनके लिए खुशी-खुशी भुगतान करते हैं। लेकिन, एक विज्ञापनकर्मी केवल लोगों को अनावश्यक, अनुपयोगी और अवांछित चीजें खरीदने के लिए लुभाता है। विज्ञापन करने वाला व्यक्ति अच्छी और सुंदर चीजों को नष्ट करता है, जबकि अन्य लोग उन्हें बनाते हैं।
In simple words: Unlike others who create value, advertisers just make people want useless things and often spoil what's good and beautiful.

🎯 Exam Tip: Contrast the value-creating nature of other professions with the perceived value-destroying or manipulation aspect of advertising, as presented by the author.

Question 1. (The word 'subsistence' means enough money or food to stay alive. Make as many phrases as you can using the word 'subsistence'. An example is 'subsistence wage.') (शब्द 'subsistence' का अर्थ होता है, जिन्दा रहने के लिए केवल पर्याप्त धन अथवा खाद्य पदार्थों का होना।” शब्द 'subsistence' का प्रयोग करते हुए जितने वाक्यांश (phrases) बना सको, उतने बनाओ। एक उदाहरण है - 'subsistence wage.')
Answer: The phrases that can be made are:
(a) subsistence crop
(b) subsistence level
(c) subsistence allowance
(d) subsistence farming
(e) subsistence department
(f) means of subsistence.
In simple words: 'Subsistence' means having just enough to live. Many phrases can be made with it, like 'subsistence farming' or 'subsistence level'.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the core meaning of the word 'subsistence' and then brainstorm common collocations or phrases where it is typically used.

Question 2. The word 'redundancy' has been used in two different sense in the following sentences (i) Thousands of factory workers are facing redundancy. (ii) Natural language is characterized by 'redundancy'. Now differentiate between layoff and redundancy as used in (i) and 'verbosity' and 'redundancy' as used in (ii) Confirm your answer from the Oxford Advanced Learners dictionary. (उपर्युक्त वाक्यों में 'redundancy' शब्द को दो भिन्न अर्थों में प्रयोग किया गया है। वाक्य (i) में इसे 'छटनी' के अर्थ में तथा वाक्य (ii) में इसे शब्द 'बाहुल्य' के अर्थ में प्रयोग किया गया है। अपने उत्तर की पुष्टि Oxford Advanced Learners dictionary से कीजिए।)
Answer:
In sentence (i), 'redundancy' means something superfluous or not needed, often referring to job loss. For example, "The industry is facing the problem of redundancy," meaning unneeded labor. In sentence (ii), 'redundancy' refers to using words that repeat the same sense and are therefore unnecessary. For example, if "The money he earned was adequate enough," the word 'enough' is redundant because 'adequate' already means sufficient. वाक्य (i) में 'redundancy' का अर्थ है 'अतिरिक्त' या 'अनावश्यक', अक्सर नौकरी छूटने के संदर्भ में। उदाहरण के लिए, "उद्योग में छटनी की समस्या का सामना करना पड़ रहा है," जिसका अर्थ है अनावश्यक श्रम। वाक्य (ii) में 'redundancy' का अर्थ है ऐसे शब्दों का उपयोग करना जो अर्थ को दोहराते हैं और इसलिए अनावश्यक हैं। उदाहरण के लिए, यदि "उसने पर्याप्त पैसा कमाया," तो 'पर्याप्त' शब्द अनावश्यक है क्योंकि 'पर्याप्त' का अर्थ पहले से ही काफी है।
In simple words: 'Redundancy' can mean losing your job because it's no longer needed, or it can mean using too many words that say the same thing.

🎯 Exam Tip: When differentiating between meanings of a word, provide a clear definition for each context and illustrate with concise examples.

Activity - 3: Grammar

Part A

Study the following sentences:

उपर्युक्त वाक्यों में उद्धरण चिह्नों के भीतर आये शब्द सीधे रिपोर्ट किए गए हैं। लोग वस्तुतः जो बोलते हैं उसे 'direct speech' कहते हैं। ये direct quotations होते हैं, इन्हें उल्टे अर्द्ध विरामों अथवा उद्धरण चिह्नों के बीच रखा जाता है। Direct quotation का पहला शब्द capital होता है, कहने अथवा पूछने वाली क्रिया को comma से अलग किया जाता है। ध्यान दीजिए कि वाक्य के अंत में quotation marks को पूर्ण-विराम, अर्द्ध-विराम, प्रश्नवाचक चिह्न अथवा विस्मयबोधक चिह्न के बाद रखा जाता है।

Direct speech को काम में लेना हमेशा सुविधाजनक नहीं होता। रिपोर्ट करते समय indirect अथवा reported speech अधिक सुविधाजनक एवं स्पष्ट होता है। ऐसा बहुत कम ही होता है कि speech को उसी समय report किया जाए जब इसे बोला गया हो अथवा उसी स्थान पर report किया जाए जहाँ इसे बोला गया हो। समय, व्यक्ति तथा स्थान के बदले हुए संदर्भ में reporter को मूल वक्तव्य को बदलना पड़ता है। ये परिवर्तन मोटे तौर पर तीन प्रकार के होते हैं।

No Modification of Tense or Person

Direct Speech
Raman says, "Mohan has passed the examination."

Indirect Speech
Raman says that Mohan has passed the examination.

जब reporting verb (मुख्य clause के अन्दर की क्रिया) वर्तमान काल अथवा भविष्यकाल में में हो तथा noun clause के nouns तृतीय पुरुष एकवचन/बहुवचन में हों तो tense अथवा person में कोई परिवर्तन आवश्यक नहीं होता। केवल लिखित रूप में विराम-चिह्नों को बदल दिया जाता है। किए जाने वाले परिवर्तन निम्न प्रकार हैं :

Modification in Tense

Direct
1. Present Simple Perfect Continuous
Simple
2. Past
Perfect
Continuous

Indirect
→ Past Simple Perfect Perfect Continuous
→ No change / sometimes past perfect
→ No change
→ No change Continuous
→ No change / sometimes past perfect continuous

Modification in Person (Personal Pronouns)

First person तथा second person के सर्वनाम वक्ता तथा श्रोता के अनुसार बदल दिए जाते हैं। Reported भाग में First person के सर्वनामों को Reporting verb के कर्ता के person के अनुसार बदला जाता है। Second person के सर्वनामों को Reporting verb के object (कर्म) के अनुसार बदला जाता है। Third person के सर्वनाम प्रायः अपरिवर्तित रहते हैं।

(C) "Are you joining us ?", they asked me.
They asked me whether I was joining them.

2. (a) Mohan said to the strangers, “Mayank has killed the scorpion.”
Mohan told the strangers that Mayank (had) killed the scorpion.

(b) The actress said, "I had performed the role of maid servant in three films.”
The actress said that she had performed the role of maid servant in three films.

(c) The scooterist said, “I was driving at a speed of 30km/hr.”
The scooterist said that he was driving at a speed of 30km/hr.

हमने बताया है कि Reported speech में Present tense को Past tense में बदल दिया जाता है (जब उद्धरण चिह्नों के बाहर Past tense होता है।) ऐसा तब नहीं होता है जब direct speech किसी शाश्वत सत्य को प्रकट करता हो अथवा वर्तमान में प्रासंगिक किसी घटना की ओर संकेत करता हो।

Part - B

Example:

Mr. Dev said he was an Indian. (This is not correct since Mr. Dev is still an Indian) Mr. Dev felt that competition begins early in life. (This is better since it is relevant even today) I thought you were a gentleman. (This will mean that I now think you are not.)

जब रिपोर्टिंग स्टेटमेंट्स, प्रश्न, आदेश, सलाह आदि हों तब अच्छा रहता है कि उन्हें जिस प्रकार कहा गया अथवा पूछा गया हो उसी प्रकार उनका उल्लेख कर दिया जावे। आदेशों, सलाह आदि में योजक शब्द 'to' का प्रयोग तथा हाँ – ना वाले प्रश्नों में if/whether का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Question 1. Imagine that you were asked the following questions in an interview. Tell your friend what questions were asked.
(a) How old are you?
(b) Are you a student?
(c) Can you type?
(d) Have you had a job before?
(e) How long have you been working in your present job?
(f) What are your interests?
(g) What made you apply for this job?
Answer:
(a) They asked me how old I was.
(b) They asked me whether I was a student.
(c) They asked me whether I could type.
(d) They asked me whether I had had a job before.
(e) They asked me how long I had been working in my present job.
(f) They asked me what my interests were.
(g) They asked me what had made me apply for that job.
In simple words: When you tell someone what questions were asked, you change them into indirect speech, like "They asked me..." and adjust the tenses and pronouns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to change pronouns, tenses, and use connecting words like 'if', 'whether', or question words (what, how, etc.) when converting direct questions to indirect speech.

Part C- Language Work.

Do as Directed.

Question A. "Marquis, while you were talking I looked around and saw that everyone here wins subsistence through advertising." (Change the narration.)
Answer: Addressing them, he said that while they were talking, he looked around and saw that everyone there won subsistence through advertising.
In simple words: He told them that while they were talking, he noticed everyone there made a living from advertising.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the reporting verb and change pronouns, tenses, and adverbs of place/time as needed for indirect narration.

Question B. "Drop the confusing element of money from the whole process, and the question I've posed must confront you bleakly.” he said. (Change the narration.)
Answer: He asked them to drop the confusing element of money from the whole process, and stated that the question he had posed must confront them bleakly.
In simple words: He told them to remove money from the process and said his question would leave them feeling down.

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting imperative sentences or mixed types, use appropriate reporting verbs (e.g., 'asked,' 'told,' 'stated') and ensure logical flow.

Activity - 4: Speech Activity

Question 1. Advertising ensures consumer's access to the best product. Advertising, likewise, has become a deceptive device also. Keeping in mind this view, organize a speech activity on the following topic 'Advantages and Disadvantages of Advertising'
Answer:
Advantages of Advertising:
1. Advertising helps consumers learn about products, so they can decide if it meets their needs.
2. It connects manufacturers directly with consumers, reducing the need for middlemen.
3. Advertised prices help prevent consumers from being overcharged.
4. Manufacturers must improve product quality to stay competitive in the market.
5. Consumers benefit from better quality products, which improves their standard of living.
6. It saves consumer time by providing information about different brands and their qualities.
7. Advertising keeps consumers updated on new product designs launched in the market.

Disadvantages of Advertising:
1. Advertising adds to the overall cost of products.
2. It can harm social values and often distorts them, like fair-skin products misleading society.
3. It often confuses buyers with too many choices or deceptive claims.
4. Lower quality products are often sold through aggressive advertising tactics.
5. Some advertisements are in poor taste and can offend sensitive people.
In simple words: Advertising has good sides, like informing buyers and improving products, but it also has bad sides, like raising costs, confusing people, and sometimes promoting bad social values.

🎯 Exam Tip: For a speech, structure your points clearly under 'advantages' and 'disadvantages,' using strong topic sentences and brief supporting details.

Activity - 5: Composition

Question 1. Draw an advertisement depicting the advantages of reading habits. It may be in any form you like.
Answer:
Live With The Great Minds
Read Their Books Make Reading A Habit
Book Lovers Association
Jaipur
In simple words: The advertisement encourages reading by linking it to great minds and promoting a habit of reading through a book lovers' group.

🎯 Exam Tip: When creating an advertisement, ensure the slogan is catchy, the message is clear, and the call to action or branding is present.

RBSE Class 11 English Festoon Chapter 9 Additional Questions

Question 1. Whom was the writer addressing according to the provided text? लेखक लोगों के एक समूह को संबोधित कर रहा था जो विज्ञापन की गतिविधि से जुड़े थे।
Answer: The writer was addressing a group of people who were involved in the field of advertising. लेखक उन लोगों के समूह को संबोधित कर रहा था जो विज्ञापन के कार्य में लगे हुए थे।
In simple words: The writer was talking to people who work in advertising.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific audience mentioned in the context to answer questions about whom a person is addressing.

Question 2. What was Wouk's reaction to the invitation given to him by the advertisers? वौक की विज्ञापनकर्ताओं द्वारा उसे दिए गए निमंत्रण के प्रति क्या प्रतिक्रिया थी?
Answer: Wouk reacted humorously, saying he was invited as a social decoration, like a stuffed tiger head or a trophy, instead of a real participant. वौक ने व्यंग्यात्मक रूप से कहा कि उसे सामाजिक सजावट के तौर पर बुलाया गया था, जैसे कि मृत बाघ के सिर या ट्रॉफी को रखा जाता है।
In simple words: Wouk jokingly said he was invited just for show, like a decoration, by the advertisers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for clues about the author's tone (e.g., "satirically") to understand their true reaction, even if the words seem polite.

Question 3. What did the writer advise the advertisers? लेखक ने विज्ञापनकर्ताओं को क्या सलाह दी?
Answer: The writer advised the advertisers to improve their lives by quitting the advertising business right away. लेखक ने विज्ञापनकर्ताओं को सलाह दी कि वे तुरंत विज्ञापन का काम छोड़कर अपने जीवन को बेहतर बनाएं।
In simple words: The writer told advertisers to stop their work to make their lives better.

🎯 Exam Tip: Extract the direct advice given by the writer, focusing on the main action recommended.

Question 4. What did the writer ask them about their right to food? लेखक ने उन्हें उनके भोजन के अधिकार के बारे में क्या पूछा?
Answer: The writer questioned their right to food, asking what they did to earn or deserve it. लेखक ने उनके भोजन के अधिकार पर सवाल उठाया, यह पूछते हुए कि वे इसे पाने के लिए क्या करते थे।
In simple words: The writer challenged their right to eat, asking what they did to earn their food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific ethical challenge the writer posed, focusing on the justification for their basic rights.

Question 5. How is an advertising man different from persons belonging to other occupations? विज्ञापन से जुड़ा व्यक्ति अन्य व्यवसाय करने वाले व्यक्तियों से किस प्रकार भिन्न होता है?
Answer: An advertising man makes people want things they don't need, while people in other jobs provide useful services to society. एक विज्ञापनकर्ता लोगों को उन चीजों की चाहत पैदा करता है जिनकी उन्हें आवश्यकता नहीं होती, जबकि अन्य व्यवसायों के लोग समाज को उपयोगी सेवाएँ देते हैं।
In simple words: Advertisers create fake desires, but people in other jobs offer useful help to society.

🎯 Exam Tip: Compare the core function of an advertising professional with that of other occupations, as described in the chapter.

Question 6. लेखक के अनुसार विज्ञापनबाजी किस प्रकार एक नैतिक रूप से गिराने वाला व्यवसाय है? According to the writer, what kind of mischief is advertising (creating want) considered?
Answer: According to the writer, advertising (creating want) is the worst kind of mischief. लेखक के अनुसार, विज्ञापनबाजी (इच्छा पैदा करना) सबसे खराब किस्म की शरारत है।
In simple words: The writer sees making people want things as the worst kind of trickery.

🎯 Exam Tip: When a question is framed as a statement for verification, rephrase it as a direct question and provide a concise answer reflecting the author's view.

Question 7. Who feeds the advertising men according to the writer? लेखक के अनुसार विज्ञापन के लोगों को कौन भोजन उपलब्ध कराता है?
Answer: According to the writer, advertising men are fed by the creators of unwanted products. लेखक के अनुसार, विज्ञापनकर्मियों को अवांछित उत्पादों के निर्माता भोजन खिलाते हैं।
In simple words: The writer thinks advertisers are supported by those who make products nobody really wants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on identifying the source of sustenance for advertisers, linking it to the nature of their work as depicted in the text.

Question 8. Which commodities do advertising men most richly thrive on? विज्ञापन वाले लोग किन वस्तुओं पर सर्वाधिक फलते-फूलते हैं?
Answer: Advertising men profit most from promoting utterly useless products. विज्ञापनकर्मी उन उत्पादों का विज्ञापन करके सबसे अधिक लाभ कमाते हैं जो पूरी तरह से अनुपयोगी होते हैं।
In simple words: Advertisers do best by selling things that are completely useless.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific category of products that advertising thrives on, focusing on their utility or lack thereof.

Question 9. How does advertising spoil the language? विज्ञापनबाजी भाषा को किस प्रकार बिगाड़ती है?
Answer: Advertising damages language by using too much repetition, creating artificial spellings, and making speech seem cheap. विज्ञापनबाजी भाषा को बार-बार दोहराकर, नकली वर्तनी का उपयोग करके और बोलने को सस्ता बनाकर खराब करती है।
In simple words: Advertising ruins language by repeating words, using strange spellings, and making conversations seem less meaningful.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the specific ways advertising affects language, such as repetition, altered spellings, and cheapening of communication.

Question 10. How does advertising spoil nature? विज्ञापनबाजी प्रकृति को किस प्रकार बिगाड़ती है?
Answer: Advertising spoils natural beauty by putting up billboards that look ugly and don't fit into the surroundings. विज्ञापनबाजी प्राकृतिक सुंदरता को भद्दे और अनुपयुक्त होर्डिंग्स लगाकर बिगाड़ती है।
In simple words: Advertising messes up nature's beauty with ugly and out-of-place billboards.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the actions of advertising (e.g., billboards) directly to their negative impact on the natural environment.

Question 11. How does advertising misuse talented people? विज्ञापनबाजी किस प्रकार प्रतिभाशाली लोगों का दुरुपयोग करती है?
Answer: Advertising misuses talented people by making them create false or exaggerated promotions for products that people don't truly need or that may even be harmful. It uses their creativity to deceive rather than to inform or benefit. विज्ञापनबाजी प्रतिभाशाली लोगों का दुरुपयोग करती है जब उनसे ऐसे उत्पादों के लिए झूठे या अतिरंजित विज्ञापन बनवाए जाते हैं जिनकी लोगों को वास्तव में आवश्यकता नहीं होती या जो हानिकारक हो सकते हैं। यह उनकी रचनात्मकता का उपयोग सूचित करने या लाभ पहुँचाने के बजाय धोखा देने के लिए करती है।
In simple words: Advertising wastes talented people's skills by making them create misleading ads for useless or bad products.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain how creative talents are redirected from constructive purposes to manipulative ones within the advertising industry.

Question 12. लेखक के अनुसार विज्ञापनबाजी किस प्रकार एक नैतिक रूप से गिराने वाला व्यवसाय है? According to the writer, how is advertising a morally degrading occupation?
Answer: Advertising is morally degrading because it uses lies, false promises, and tricks. It also benefits from people's sadness or failures. विज्ञापनबाजी नैतिक रूप से गिराने वाली है क्योंकि यह झूठ, झूठे वादे और धोखे का इस्तेमाल करती है। यह लोगों की असफलताओं और दुःखों का फायदा उठाती है।
In simple words: Advertising is unethical because it uses lies and tricks, and profits from people's vulnerabilities.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the specific unethical practices of advertising such as deceit, false promises, and exploitation of human emotions.

Question 13. What is the aim of advertising as an occupation according to the writer? लेखक के अनुसार व्यवसाय के रूप में विज्ञापनबाजी का उद्देश्य क्या है?
Answer: According to the writer, the aim of advertising is to subtly mislead for financial gain. It involves clever deception to make profit. लेखक के अनुसार, विज्ञापन का उद्देश्य सूक्ष्म रूप से लोगों को गुमराह करके लाभ कमाना है। इसमें लाभ के लिए चतुराई भरी धोखेबाजी शामिल होती है।
In simple words: The writer believes advertising's main goal is to cleverly trick people to make money.

🎯 Exam Tip: State the core objective of advertising as seen by the author, emphasizing the deceptive nature for profit.