RBSE Solutions Class 11 Biology Chapter 44 Biodiversity

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 44 Multiple Choice Objective Questions

 

Question 1. Book in which endangered wildlife is listed is
(a) Green Data Book
(b) Red Data Book
(c) White Data Book
(d) Blue Data Book
Answer: (b) Red Data Book
In simple words: The Red Data Book is like a special list that tells us which animals and plants are in danger of disappearing forever. It helps people know which species need protection.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the Red Data Book specifically highlights species facing extinction, distinguishing it from other data books.

 

Question 2. Hot spot of India is
(a) Desert National Park
(b) Keoladeo National Park
(c) Tal Chhaper Sanctuary
(d) Western Ghat
Answer: (d) Western Ghat
In simple words: A biodiversity hotspot is an area with many different types of plants and animals that are also in danger. The Western Ghats are a very important hotspot in India because they have so much unique wildlife.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify key biodiversity hotspots in India as they are frequently asked. Hotspots are areas with high biodiversity and high threat levels.

 

Question 4. Where and when the “Project Tiger” was launched
(a) UP, 1973
(b) Rajasthan, 1970
(c) Bengal, 1950
(d) Manipur, 1977
Answer: (a) UP, 1973
In simple words: Project Tiger started in Uttar Pradesh in 1973 to help save tigers. It was an important step to protect these big cats in India.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the year and location of major conservation projects like Project Tiger, as these are common factual questions.

 

Question 5. Which of the following bird species migrate in Ghana National Park, Bharatpur and is included in Red Data Book as endangered species
(a) Siberian crane
(b) Black necked crane
(c) Indian sone chiraiya (corey bustard bird)
(d) Cheer Pheasant (Castreus)
Answer: (a) Siberian crane
In simple words: The Siberian crane is a bird that flies to Ghana National Park in Bharatpur, India, during winter. It is an endangered species, meaning it is at high risk of extinction.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the names of endangered species and their specific habitats or migration patterns, especially those mentioned in conservation efforts.

 

Question 6. At the verge of extinction in Rajasthan
(a) Latina
(b) Neem
(c) Parthenium
(d) Gugal
Answer: (d) Gugal
In simple words: Gugal is a plant species that is close to disappearing in Rajasthan. It means it is highly endangered and needs protection.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of local species, both flora and fauna, that are particularly threatened in specific regions like Rajasthan.

 

Question 7. Rajasthan State bird, State tree & State flower are
(a) Godawan, Babul, Gulab
(b) Teetar, Khejri, Rohida
(c) Godawan, Khejri, Rohida
(d) Godawan, Babul, Rohida
Answer: (c) Godawan, Khejri, Rohida
In simple words: The Godawan (Great Indian Bustard) is Rajasthan's state bird, the Khejri is its state tree, and the Rohida is its state flower. These are important symbols of the state's natural heritage.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize the state symbols (bird, tree, flower, animal) for different regions, as these are common general knowledge questions.

 

Question 9. Largest snake in the inhabiting Rajasthan
(a) Cobra
(b) Python
(c) Dumuhi
(d) Naga
Answer: (b) Python
In simple words: The Python is the biggest snake found living in Rajasthan. It can grow very long and heavy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific facts about the largest or most notable animal species in a given region when studying local biodiversity.

 

Question 10. Which is called as “Kalp Taru" of Rajasthan?
(a) Prosopis
(b) Tecomella
(c) Butea
(d) Ziziphus
Answer: (a) Prosopis
In simple words: Prosopis, specifically the Khejri tree (Prosopis cineraria), is known as the "Kalp Taru" of Rajasthan. This name means "wish-fulfilling tree" because all its parts are useful to people living in the desert.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the significance of local terms like "Kalp Taru" and which specific plant or animal they refer to.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 44 Very Short Answer Questions

 

Question 1. What are the Factors threatened biodiversity.
Answer: The main factors that put biodiversity at risk are losing and breaking up natural places where animals live, pollution, and taking too many resources from nature.
In simple words: Biodiversity is threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and over-exploitation of resources.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing threats to biodiversity, focus on major human impacts like habitat destruction, pollution, and over-hunting/over-harvesting.

 

Question 3. Give significance of MABP?
Answer: MABP stands for the Man and Biosphere Programme. It was started to create special protected areas called biosphere reserves. These reserves help protect nature while also allowing people to live and work sustainably.
In simple words: MABP set up biosphere reserves to protect nature and help people live with it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define MABP and explain its primary goal, which is the establishment of biosphere reserves for integrated conservation.

 

Question 4. What is Tal Chhaper sanctuary famous for?
Answer: The Tal Chhaper sanctuary is well-known for its dark bucks (blackbucks). It also attracts many bird species like bee-eaters and harriers.
In simple words: Tal Chhaper sanctuary is known for blackbucks and various birds.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about a sanctuary, mention its most prominent animal or bird species and any unique features.

 

Question 5. From where do the Siberian cranes migrate into Rajasthan?
Answer: Siberian cranes travel a long way from Siberia to migrate to Rajasthan during the winter months. They come to find warmer climates and food.
In simple words: Siberian cranes fly from Siberia to Rajasthan in winter.

🎯 Exam Tip: For migration questions, identify both the origin and destination of the migrating species.

 

Question 6. Name the hot spots in India?
Answer: India has two major biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas. These areas are rich in unique plant and animal life but face threats.
In simple words: India's main hotspots are the Western Ghats and Eastern Himalayas.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the two primary biodiversity hotspots in India accurately.

 

Question 7. How much part of Rajasthan is covered with dense forest?
Answer: About 9.3% of Rajasthan's total land area is covered with dense forests. These forests play an important role in the state's ecology.
In simple words: About 9.3% of Rajasthan has dense forests.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific percentages or figures for geographical questions like forest cover, as these require precise recall.

 

Question 8. Which one is the state wild animal of Rajasthan?
Answer: The Chinkara, also known as the Indian Gazelle, is the state wild animal of Rajasthan. It is a graceful antelope found in the desert and grassland regions.
In simple words: Chinkara is the state wild animal of Rajasthan.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the official state animal correctly, along with its common name if applicable.

 

Question 9. Name the Mountain ranges of Rajasthan.
Answer: The main mountain range in Rajasthan is the Aravalli Range. It runs through the state and plays a significant role in its climate and geography.
In simple words: The Aravalli Range is the main mountain range in Rajasthan.

🎯 Exam Tip: Name the most prominent geographical features of a region, such as its main mountain ranges.

 

Question 11. Write the herbivorous wild animals found in the forests of Rajasthan.
Answer: Some herbivorous wild animals found in Rajasthan's forests include the Chinkara (Indian gazelle), Blue Cow (Nilgai), Deer, and Sambhar. These animals primarily eat plants.
In simple words: Chinkara, Blue Cow, Deer, and Sambhar are herbivorous wild animals in Rajasthan.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify animals based on their diet (herbivorous, carnivorous, omnivorous) and list relevant examples from the specified region.

 

Question 12. Which wild animal helps to keep the forest clean?
Answer: Wild animals like jackals and vultures help keep the forest clean. They are scavengers that eat dead animals, preventing the spread of disease and recycling nutrients.
In simple words: Jackals and vultures help clean the forest by eating dead animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of scavengers in an ecosystem and provide examples of such animals.

 

Question 13. What is the odorous substance obtained from the flowers of Khejri?
Answer: A fragrant substance called Patuletin is obtained from the flowers of the Khejri tree. It is known for its distinct smell.
In simple words: Patuletin is the sweet-smelling substance from Khejri flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember specific substances extracted from plants and their uses or characteristics.

 

Question 14. What is loom?
Answer: "Loom" is the local name for the leaves of the Khejri plant. These leaves are an important source of fodder for cattle in Rajasthan, especially in dry regions.
In simple words: Loom refers to the leaves of the Khejri plant, used as animal feed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn local terms for plant parts, especially those with practical uses in a particular region.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 44 Short Answer Questions

 

Question 1. Name the various parts of Rajasthan divided on the basis of geographical structure.
Answer: Rajasthan can be divided into several parts based on its geographical structure. These include:

• Desert Region
• Eastern Plains
• Southern Region
• Mountain Region

In simple words: Rajasthan is divided into desert, eastern plains, southern, and mountain areas.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the main geographical divisions accurately and briefly describe their characteristics if asked for more detail.

 

Question 3. Which birds and aquatic animals are found in the Eastern plains of Rajasthan?
Answer: In the Eastern plains of Rajasthan, you can find a variety of birds such as storks, spoonbills, vultures, eagles, Siberian cranes, saras (cranes), warblers, pipits, and sandpipers. The aquatic animals found there include turtles, frogs, leeches, snails, water snakes, and tomcats.
In simple words: Many birds like storks, eagles, and Siberian cranes live in Eastern Rajasthan, along with aquatic animals such as turtles, frogs, and water snakes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing species, try to group them by category (e.g., birds, aquatic animals) for clarity and completeness.

 

Question 4. Write a short note on State bird godawan.
Answer: The Godawan, or Great Indian Bustard (Choriotis nigriceps), was declared Rajasthan's state bird in 1981. It is a critically endangered species, with its population drastically decreasing from 1500 in 1981 to just 13 in June 2015. This large bird stands about one meter tall and has long, bare legs. Its body is brownish with black spots. The Godawan is an omnivore, eating grass seeds, insects, berries, rodents, and reptiles. Adults weigh between 6 to 18 kg.
In simple words: The Godawan, Rajasthan's state bird, is a large, brown, omnivorous bird that is critically endangered. Its numbers have dropped very low.

🎯 Exam Tip: For short notes, include key facts like scientific name, status (endangered), physical characteristics, diet, and any relevant dates or population figures.

 

Question 5. Why Khejri is called as "Kalp tree" of Rajasthan?
Answer: The Khejri tree is known as the "Kalp Taru" or "wish-fulfilling tree" of Rajasthan because it plays a vital role in preserving the dry and semi-dry ecosystems. It also symbolizes socio-economic development. Every part of this tree is useful, providing food, fodder, timber, and medicinal benefits to the people, especially in the desert regions.
In simple words: Khejri is called "Kalp Taru" because it helps the dry ecosystem and provides many useful things like food, fodder, and medicine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the multi-faceted utility of the Khejri tree (ecological, economic, social) to justify its "Kalp Taru" designation.

 

Question 6. Give the Medicinal uses of some vegetations found in Rajasthan.
Answer: Some vegetations in Rajasthan have important medicinal uses. Rohida has properties that help cure urinary disorders, enlarged spleen, gonorrhea, leucoderma, and liver disease; its seeds are used against abscesses. Additionally, the leaves of Tecomella undulata are used to relieve diabetes and lower blood sugar, while glucosides and butin from its flowers treat cough and eczema.
In simple words: Rohida helps with kidney and liver problems, while Tecomella undulata leaves can reduce blood sugar and its flowers treat cough and eczema.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing medicinal uses, name the plant and then list its specific health benefits clearly.

 

Question 8. What is biodiversity?
Answer: Biodiversity refers to the wide variety of life found on Earth. This includes all the different types of plants, animals, and microorganisms living in various habitats across the planet. It means the richness and diversity of nature.
In simple words: Biodiversity means all the different kinds of plants, animals, and tiny living things found in different places on Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a clear and concise definition of biodiversity that encompasses plants, animals, and microorganisms across different habitats.

 

Question 9. What is a hot spot? Name the hotspots of India?
Answer: A biodiversity hot spot is a place with a very high number of different wild species, including many endemic species (those found nowhere else), where wildlife is severely threatened. Norman Myers first identified these in 1988. In India, there are two major biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas.

• Number of wild life species is very high
• More number of endemic species
• Where wildlife species are threatened

In simple words: Hot spots are areas rich in unique and endangered wildlife. India has two such spots: the Western Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define biodiversity hotspots by their two main characteristics (high diversity and high threat) and correctly name the two major hotspots in India.

 

Question 10. Write short notes on
(a) Red Data Book
(b) Endangered species
(c) Project tiger
(d) Threatening on biodiversity.
Answer:
(a) The Red Data List, created by IUCN, is a global inventory of endangered plant and animal species. It provides the most comprehensive information on the conservation status of biological species. The first edition of the "Red Data Book" was published in 1963.
(b) An endangered species is any type of animal or plant that is at serious risk of extinction in the near future. Their populations have become very small and they face severe threats to their survival.
(c) The Royal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) was declared India's National Animal in 1972-73. To protect this species, "Project Tiger" was launched on April 1, 1973, with support from the WWF (World Wildlife Fund).
(d) Biodiversity is threatened by several factors, including the loss and breaking up of natural habitats, the introduction of non-native species, over-exploitation of resources, pollution of soil, water, and air, deforestation, and the expansion of agriculture.
In simple words: The Red Data Book lists endangered species. Endangered species are those at high risk of dying out. Project Tiger was started to save tigers. Biodiversity faces threats from habitat loss, pollution, and overuse of resources.

🎯 Exam Tip: For short notes, define each term clearly and concisely, including key dates or organizations if relevant.

RBSE Class 11 Biology Chapter 44 Essay Type Questions

 

Question 1. Explain, why conservation of wildlife is essential.
Answer: Wildlife is a crucial part of our planet's biosphere and plays an important role in how ecosystems work, including energy flow and mineral cycles. Conserving wildlife helps maintain a healthy natural environment. Wildlife also supports tourism, recreation, and safaris, bringing economic and social benefits. To raise public awareness and support for wildlife conservation, Wildlife Week is celebrated annually from October 1 to 7. There are two main ways to conserve biodiversity:
(A) In situ conservation: This involves protecting plants and animals in their natural homes, such as biosphere reserves, national parks, and wildlife sanctuaries. India has established various types of reserves for threatened species. Special projects like Tiger reserves, Ghariyal reserves, and Elephant projects are also launched for specific species.
(B) Ex situ conservation: This technique involves conserving plants and animals outside their natural habitats in artificial environments like botanical gardens, zoos, and rescue centers. Germplasm banks are also developed to store genetic material from seeds, fruits, pollens, spores, and ova.

Additional efforts that help conserve wildlife include encouraging research related to wildlife, banning animal hunting, and regulating the trade of plants and their products. The trade of wild animal products like skin, ivory, and rhinoceros horn is illegal. Also, restricting hunting and improving natural habitats are crucial for wildlife protection.
In simple words: Wildlife conservation is important because animals are part of healthy ecosystems and help with tourism. We save wildlife by protecting their natural homes (in situ) or moving them to special places like zoos (ex situ). Laws against hunting and trading animal products also help.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your essay by first explaining the importance of wildlife, then detailing the two main conservation methods (in situ and ex situ) with examples, and finally mentioning other supportive efforts.

 

Question 2. Write an essay on management of wildlife in India.
Answer: Conservation of biodiversity in India aims to preserve our natural resources for both current and future generations. India has a long history of protecting its diverse plant and animal life. Traditionally, biodiversity has been managed by the forest department in each state, with guidance from the central government. Legal frameworks like the Indian Forest Act of 1927, the Wildlife Act of 1972, and the Forest Conservation Act of 1980 were established for wildlife conservation. The National Forest Policy of 1988 further boosted these efforts, leading to the creation of many protected areas like biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and special projects. After the United Nations Convention on Biodiversity in Rio in 1992, India introduced the Biodiversity Act of 2002 and Biodiversity Rules of 2004. These laws established three main organizations for biodiversity conservation: the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), State Biodiversity Boards (SBB), and Biodiversity Management Committees (BMC).
In simple words: India protects its wildlife for today and tomorrow. Laws like the Wildlife Act of 1972 and the Biodiversity Act of 2002 help manage nature. The government created national parks and wildlife boards to conserve plants and animals across the country.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing about wildlife management, mention key legal acts, policies, and the institutional framework (e.g., National Biodiversity Authority, State Biodiversity Boards) involved in conservation efforts in India.

 

Question 3. Explain in detail the uses of biodiversity.
Answer: Wildlife and biodiversity benefit humans in many direct and indirect ways. They provide us with food, medicines, fibers, rubber, timber, and fuel wood. Biodiversity keeps nature healthy by balancing ecosystems. The main uses of biodiversity include:
1. Source of Food and Improved varieties: Biodiversity is essential for modern agriculture. It provides new crops, materials for developing improved varieties, and sources for new biodegradable pesticides. Only a small fraction of food-producing plants feeds 85% of the world. Three main crops—wheat, maize, and rice—provide food for two-thirds of the human population.
2. Drugs and Medicines: Many important medicines come from plants. About 25% of medicines used in India are derived from 120 plant species, and thousands are used worldwide for conventional medicine. Plants are used to create various botanochemicals. Examples include opium (morphine) for pain, cinchona (quinine) for malaria, taxus (cancer treatment), foxglove (heart disease), and mamala tree (AIDS treatment).
3. Aesthetic and Cultural Benefits: Biodiversity plays a role in ecotourism, bird watching, and wildlife photography. Since ancient times, biodiversity has been linked to cultural and religious practices. Plants like basil (Tulsi), fig (Pipal), and Khejri are worshipped as sacred symbols.
4. Balance of Ecosystem: Biodiversity is crucial for maintaining and controlling ecosystems. It helps maintain ecological balance, control air composition, manage forest and ocean environments, naturally control pests, pollinate plants (by insects and birds), and conserve water and soil.
In simple words: Biodiversity helps us in many ways: it gives us food, medicines, and materials, making nature healthy. It provides new crops, keeps ecosystems balanced, and has cultural value through ecotourism and sacred plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Categorize the uses of biodiversity (e.g., food, medicine, ecological, cultural) and provide specific examples for each category to ensure a comprehensive answer.

 

Question 4. List the endangered plants and animals in Rajasthan. Explain the role of community and government in the protection.
Answer:
Main Indian species and their habitat listed in Red Data Book:

Some endangered Plant species of India:

The role of community and government in protection: The community plays a vital role by participating in conservation programs, raising awareness, and adopting sustainable practices. Local people often have traditional knowledge that helps protect biodiversity. The government provides the legal framework, establishes protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries, and implements conservation projects. It also enforces laws against poaching and illegal trade. Together, both work to protect species through various initiatives and acts.
In simple words: The government makes laws and creates parks to protect endangered plants and animals. Communities help by being aware, following rules, and using traditional methods to save nature.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing conservation, clearly separate the roles of government (policy, protected areas, enforcement) and community (participation, awareness, traditional knowledge) and provide specific examples for each.

 

Question 5. How many national parks are found in Rajasthan? Explain their importance.
Answer: National Parks are protected natural areas established to conserve wildlife and ecological systems. The IUCN defines them as Category-II protected areas. While the central government establishes them, state governments manage and control them. As of 2014, India had 166 National Parks, with 6 located in Rajasthan.
National Parks in Rajasthan are:

• Ranthambore NP (1980)
• Desert NP (1980)
• Keoladeo NP (Ramsar Site, 1981)
• Sariska NP (1982)
• Darrah NP (2004)
• Kumbhalgarh NP (Mukundra Hills, 2011)

These national parks are crucial for protecting endangered species, preserving unique ecosystems, and maintaining ecological balance. They serve as safe habitats for diverse flora and fauna, allow for scientific research, and offer opportunities for education and eco-tourism, contributing to both conservation and local economies.
In simple words: Rajasthan has 6 National Parks, including Ranthambore and Keoladeo. These parks are important because they protect wild animals and plants, help keep nature balanced, and offer places for research and tourism.

🎯 Exam Tip: For questions about national parks, state the number in the specified region, list their names and establishment years, and explain their significance for conservation, research, and education.

 

Question 7. Write an essay on the wild animals of Rajasthan.
Answer: Rajasthan is home to around 60 different types of wild animals. These animals are crucial for the state's ecosystem. Some of the notable wild animals found in Rajasthan include:
1. Tiger: Tigers can control a territory of about 20 square kilometers. They can see well at night and have a strong sense of smell. Tigers usually hunt at night and rest during the day. A female tiger gives birth to 2 or 3 cubs, and their pregnancy lasts for 95 to 105 days. They are carnivores and mainly eat medium to large animals like sambar deer, chital, barasingha, and wild boar.
2. Striped Hyena (Hyaena hyaena): These hyenas live almost all over Rajasthan and are also known as Jarakh or Lakadbagga. They are a species that is almost at risk of extinction. Hyenas mainly eat dead animals and rarely attack humans. They mate for life, and both male and female hyenas help raise their cubs. They are active at night and return to their dens before sunrise. Their pregnancy lasts for 90 days. They are about 100 cm long with a 45 cm tail. Their front legs are strong and longer, while their hind legs are smaller and weaker. They have dirty brownish-grey fur with stripes across their body. They are shy animals and hunt at night.
3. Chinkara (Gazella gazella): Also called the Indian gazelle, the chinkara is the state animal of Rajasthan. It stands about 65 cm tall and weighs approximately 23 kg. In summer, its coat is reddish-brown, and in winter, its belly has white fur. Both males and females have horns, which are 25 to 30 cm long. They live in groups of 4 to 6 in dry plains, hills, deserts, and light forests. They are very fast runners. They mate once a year, with males competing for females. They feed on grass, wild plants, and oak.
4. Blue Cow or Nilgai (Boselephus tragocamelus): This is the largest antelope in Asia and is a species of least concern. It stands 1 to 1.5 meters tall at the shoulder. Only male nilgais have horns, which are 15 to 25 cm long. They are herbivores and are active during the day. They can be tamed and appear shy but are cautious. If they sense danger, they can run 300 to 700 meters. Their front legs are generally longer than their hind legs. Females are light brown and do not have horns. They are herbivores, eating woody plants. They move in herds and can damage crops.
5. Python: When a python catches an animal, it quickly wraps many coils around it to restrain it. Their length ranges from 2 to 7 meters, and they can weigh up to 200 kg. Pythons can see well at night. They live in many different habitats, including grasslands, swamps, marshes, rocky foothills, and woodlands.
6. Birds: Rajasthan hosts about 80 species of birds, including Godawan, Pintail, Saras, Peacock, and Duck. The Godawan, or Great Indian Bustard (Choriotiss nigriceps), was declared the state bird of Rajasthan in 1981. It is a critically endangered species. Its population was 1500 in 1981, fell to 250 in 2011, then to 40 in 2014, and only 13 in June 2015. It is a large bird with long, bare legs, standing about one meter tall. Its body is brownish with black spots. It is omnivorous, eating grass seeds, insects, berries, rodents, and reptiles. Adult godawans weigh 6 to 18 kg. To protect the Godawan, Project Godawan was launched on July 9, 2013, at Sudasari (Jaisalmer) in the Desert National Park.
In simple words: Rajasthan is home to many wild animals like tigers, hyenas, chinkaras, nilgais, pythons, and birds like the endangered Godawan. Each animal has unique habits and plays an important role in the state's natural environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing an essay on wild animals, group them by type (mammals, birds, reptiles) and include key details about their habitat, diet, and conservation status for a comprehensive answer.

 

Question 8. In how many parts Rajasthan is divided on the basis of geographical structure? Explain any two parts.
Answer: Rajasthan is divided into two main parts because of the Aravalli hills. The western part is a dry or semi-arid area, and the eastern part has more plant life and less rainfall. About 9.3% of Rajasthan's total geographical area is forest land, with 3% being dense forest. Reserved forests make up 37%, protected forests 53%, and unclassified forests 10%.
Based on its geographical structure and ecosystem, Rajasthan is divided into four parts:
1. Desert Region: Rajasthan is often called the "desert state of India." The Thar Desert in Western Rajasthan is India's largest desert. It has shifting sand dunes caused by strong winds. Summers are very hot, with hot days and cold nights. The average rainfall is low. Wildlife here includes animals like the Desert Cat and the Indian Fox. Sanctuaries in this region include Tal Chhapar Sanctuary (Churn) and Desert National Park (Jaisalmer).
2. Eastern Plains: This region is located in the eastern part of the Aravalli hills. It is very fertile due to many rivers, ponds, and canals. The fauna here includes animals like Python, Wild boar, Mongoose, Wild cat, Fox, Porcupine, Hare, Blue Cow, Striped Hyena, Jackal, Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), etc. Birds found here include Stork, Spoonbill, Vulture, Eagle, Siberian crane, Saras (Gruidae), Warbler (Phylloscopus), Pipit (Anthus), Sandpiper (Scolopacidae), and Flower bird. Aquatic animals include Turtle, Frog, Leech, Snail, Water snake, and Otter. The flora consists of trees like Babul (Acacia nilotica), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica), Kadamba (Anthocephalus cadamba), Mango (Mangifera indica), Catechu (Acacia catechu), Pipal (Ficus religiosa), Banyan (Ficus benghalensis), and Dhoy or Kardhai (Anogeisus pendula). Wildlife sanctuaries in this area include Keoladeo National Park, National Chambal Sanctuary (Kota), Van Vihar Sanctuary (Dholpur), Jawahar Sagar Sanctuary (Kota), and Bandh Baretha Sanctuary (Bharatpur).
In simple words: Rajasthan is split into four geographical parts. The Desert Region in the west is very dry with sand dunes and specific desert wildlife. The Eastern Plains are fertile with rivers and many types of animals, birds, and plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to explain geographical divisions, always mention the key characteristics, climate, and examples of flora/fauna or sanctuaries for each region to show complete understanding.