RBSE Solutions Class 10 Rajasthan Adhyayan Chapter 3 Conventional Water Management

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Which of the following is not the conventional source of water?
(a) Khadeen
(b) Lake
(c) Jhalara
(d) Ditch
Answer: (d) Ditch
In simple words: A ditch is usually a long, narrow channel dug in the ground, often for drainage. It's not typically considered a main, traditional water source like a lake or Khadeen, which are designed for water storage or management.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the difference between traditional water conservation methods and general water features to correctly identify non-conventional sources.

Question 2. Which district has the Kalasagar pond?
(a) Jaipur
(b) Jodhpur
(c) Ranthambore
(d) Chittorgarh
Answer: (c) Ranthambore
In simple words: The Kalasagar pond is located in the Ranthambore district. This area is known for its natural beauty and wildlife.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remembering specific geographical locations of water bodies can be tricky; try associating them with nearby famous landmarks or regions.

Question 3. In which district is the Sambhar lake situated?
(a) Jaipur
(b) Tonk
(c) Dausa
(d) Kota
Answer: (a) Jaipur
In simple words: Sambhar Lake, a large saltwater lake, is located in the Jaipur district. It is a very important natural resource in the region.

🎯 Exam Tip: Major natural features like large lakes are often associated with the nearest prominent district; knowing these key connections is useful.

Question 5. Khadeen was discovered by the
(a) Paliwal Brahmans of Jaisalmer
(b) Barmer' Brahmans
(c) Paliwal Brahmans of Pali
(d) Brahmans of Nagaur
Answer: (a) Paliwal Brahmans of Jaisalmer
In simple words: The Khadeen system, a traditional way to collect rainwater for farming, was first developed by the Paliwal Brahmans who lived in Jaisalmer. This showed their deep understanding of local geography.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering questions about historical discoveries or innovations, identify both the specific group and the location involved for full marks.

Question 6. Which conventional water management resources are found maximum in the districts adjoining Indo-Pak Border?
(a) Jhalara
(b) Tanka
(c) Kui or Beri
(d) Khadeen
Answer: (c) Kui or Beri
In simple words: In the areas near the border with Pakistan, Kui or Beri are the most common traditional ways to manage water. These deep, narrow wells are very effective in dry regions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to geographical context (like "adjoining Indo-Pak Border") as it often narrows down the correct traditional water management system.

Question 7. Which conventional water resource of Rajasthan has the maximum of water conservation?
(a) Tobas
(b) Lakes
(c) Khadeens
(d) Ponds
Answer: (b) Lakes
In simple words: Lakes are the traditional water sources in Rajasthan that can hold and conserve the largest amounts of water. They play a crucial role in regional water supply.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the scale and capacity of different water resources when evaluating which one can conserve the most water.

Question 9. Aagore or Payataan means -
(a) Keeping clean
(b) Throwing water out
(c) Accumulation
(d) Keeping covered
Answer: (c) Accumulation
In simple words: Aagore or Payataan refers to the collection or gathering of water. It's about letting water build up in one place.

🎯 Exam Tip: For vocabulary questions, understanding the core function or purpose of the term helps in selecting the correct meaning.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. By which conventional water resource is water supplied to Nagaur, Barmer and Jaisalmer?
Answer: Water is supplied to Nagaur, Barmer, and Jaisalmer mainly through Nadi, a traditional water resource. These Nadi systems are crucial for water distribution in these arid regions. They capture rainwater and manage its flow to different areas.
In simple words: Water reaches Nagaur, Barmer, and Jaisalmer using traditional Nadi systems.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying water supply methods for specific regions, focus on traditional and locally adapted techniques common to arid areas.

Question 2. What is the difference between Toba and Nadi?
Answer: The main difference is that a Toba is generally deeper than a Nadi. Both are traditional water harvesting structures, but their depth varies based on local conditions and design. Tobas are designed for longer-term storage and less evaporation.
In simple words: Toba is deeper than Nadi.

🎯 Exam Tip: For comparison questions, clearly state the key distinguishing feature, such as depth in this case.

Question 3. In which part of Rajasthan is the Tanka built?
Answer: Tankas are typically constructed in the sandy parts of Rajasthan. These underground tanks are designed to collect and store rainwater, making them ideal for arid desert regions where surface water is scarce. They help communities survive long dry spells.
In simple words: Tankas are built in the sandy desert areas of Rajasthan.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect water harvesting structures with the geographical features where they are most effective.

Question 4. What is Jhalara? Clarify it.
Answer: A Jhalara is a traditional water structure that does not have its own catchment area (Aagora or Payataan). Instead, it receives water that seeps in from ponds and lakes located higher up. Jhalaras are often oblong-shaped and have steps or storeys on three of their sides. Their water is mainly used for religious ceremonies and for community bathing. This design allows for easy access to water for these purposes.
In simple words: Jhalara is a water tank with no natural catchment; it gets water from nearby ponds and lakes. It has steps and is used for religious events and baths.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining traditional structures, include details about their water source, physical features, and main uses.

Question 6. To which conventional water management system does Meghdoot refer?
Answer: Meghdoot refers to the Bawadi, a traditional water management system. Bawadis are stepwells that collect and store water, often providing access to underground water sources. This system shows how ancient wisdom focused on sustainable water use.
In simple words: Meghdoot is another name for Bawadi, which is a stepwell used for water management.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing alternative names for traditional water systems can be important for recognizing them in different contexts.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. What is Aagorr (Payataan)?
Answer: Aagorr, also known as Payataan, is a type of raised veranda built around a Nadi or pond. It is constructed by compacting soil to create a lowered area where rainwater can collect. This design effectively gathers and channels rainwater into the Nadi or pond for storage and later use. It’s an effective way to maximize water capture.
In simple words: Aagorr (Payataan) is a raised platform around a pond or Nadi that helps collect rainwater into it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the structure and the function of water harvesting terms like Aagorr clearly, focusing on how it helps collect water.

Question 2. What is Nehata?
Answer: Nehata is a structure built to manage excess water from a Nadi or pond. It allows surplus water to flow out and reach another nearby Nadi, pond, or even a farm field. This prevents flooding and helps distribute water where it is needed, ensuring efficient water use across different areas. Nehata acts as a controlled overflow system.
In simple words: Nehata helps drain extra water from a pond or Nadi to another pond, Nadi, or farm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the purpose of water management structures by focusing on their role in controlling water flow and preventing wastage.

Question 3. What do you known about Madaar?
Answer: Madaar refers to the specific land boundary that is marked out to guide water into a Nadi or pond. This boundary ensures that rainwater flows correctly into the designated collection area, preventing it from spreading elsewhere. It is essential for efficient water harvesting. This demarcation helps in channeling runoff water effectively.
In simple words: Madaar is the marked boundary on land that directs water into a Nadi or pond.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define specific terms related to traditional water management, explaining their function in the overall system.

Question 4. Name the important lakes of Rajasthan.
Answer: Some of the important lakes in Rajasthan include Lalsagar Lake (built in 1800), Kelana Lake (1872), Takhatsagar Lake (1932), Umed Sagar Lake (1931), Pushkar Lake, Annasagar Lake, Mansarovar Lake, Jaisamand Lake, and Pichola Lake. These lakes are vital for the state's water supply and ecology. Each lake has its own historical significance and contributes to the local environment.
In simple words: Key lakes in Rajasthan are Lalsagar, Kelana, Takhatsagar, Umed Sagar, Pushkar, Annasagar, Mansarovar, Jaisamand, and Pichola.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing important features like lakes, ensure accuracy in names and any associated dates if available.

Question 5. Write about Khadeen Bandh and Khadeen regions.
Answer: Khadeen Bandh and Khadeen regions are part of an ancient water harvesting system started by the Paliwal Brahmans of Jaisalmer in the 15th century. In this method, land was provided by the state to build Khadeens in exchange for a quarter share of the produce. Jaisalmer district has around 500 large and small Khadeens, irrigating about 1300 hectares. A Khadeen is built on sloping land with a soil embankment on two sides and a permanent wall on the third. It covers about 5 to 7 km, with embankments typically 2 to 4 meters high. Any excess water flows to the next Khadeen. When the water dries, crops are grown in the moist soil of the previous Khadeen. Wheat is commonly grown this way, making barren land cultivable. The area where water collects is called a Khadeen, and the dam is known as a Khadeen dam. These dams are built to allow excess water to pass over, and deeper Khadeens have gates to release water when needed. The alluvial soil brought by the water makes the land fertile for crops. Cattle graze in the Khadeen Payataan region, and their dung further enriches the soil. Wells dug below the Khadeen use the seepage water for drinking. It is important to maintain these traditional Khadeens through water management programs. While the Rajasthan Government has planned new Khadeens, their quality is often inferior, making them prone to cracking during heavy rains. This system is a testament to sustainable living in arid environments.
In simple words: Khadeens are old water systems where rainwater is collected on sloping land using embankments. This water helps grow crops when it dries. The Paliwal Brahmans of Jaisalmer started this system to make dry land farmable.

🎯 Exam Tip: For detailed questions, break down your answer into historical context, structure, function, benefits, and current status of the system.

Question 2. Write about the utility of the conventional systems of water management.
Answer: The traditional water management systems offer many benefits. Firstly, by restoring these old water resources, the state's agriculture can grow stronger, boosting the economy. Secondly, these systems are vital for handling emergency situations like droughts or floods, providing a reliable water supply. Thirdly, they help Rajasthan cope with extreme weather events, ensuring water availability when modern systems might fail. Fourthly, they support agriculture, becoming a strong foundation for the rural economy. Lastly, by bringing back these traditional methods, new job opportunities can be created for younger generations in maintaining and utilizing these resources. These systems are simple, cost-effective, and community-driven.
In simple words: Traditional water systems help agriculture, handle emergencies like droughts and floods, support the economy, and create jobs by restoring old water sources.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing utility, focus on practical benefits, economic impacts, and disaster preparedness aspects of the systems.

Question 4. Clarify the relevancy of the conventional water resources in the present context.
Answer: Traditional water resources remain very important today. Firstly, India experiences seasonal rains, with 80% of the country receiving 80% of its rainfall in just three months. Much of this rainwater flows into rivers and eventually out. Therefore, it's crucial to collect this water, considering local needs and geographical conditions. Secondly, these traditional systems of water collection meet the daily water needs for homes and farming for many people. Thirdly, they are especially helpful during droughts or famines, as they provided the basic water needs for everyone in the past. Fourthly, these techniques also promote communal harmony by encouraging shared efforts in water conservation. Finally, water is a fundamental basis for economic growth, and these traditional systems ensure optimal use of available water for development. They connect communities to their natural environment.
In simple words: Traditional water resources are still vital because India's rain is seasonal, and these systems help collect water for daily needs, especially during droughts, while also fostering community spirit and economic growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: When discussing relevance, link traditional practices to current environmental challenges, community benefits, and economic development.

Additional Questions Solved

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Where is Edward sagar located?
(a) Dungarpur
(b) Tonk
(c) Chittorgarh
(d) Jalore
Answer: (a) Dungarpur
In simple words: Edward Sagar is a water body found in the Dungarpur district. It is a significant local water source.

🎯 Exam Tip: For specific location-based questions, accurately recall the district or region where the landmark is situated.

Question 2. Kuhal Water Management system is related with the following state-
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Himachal Pradesh
(d) Jammu and Kashmir
Answer: (c) Himachal Pradesh
In simple words: The Kuhal water management system, which uses small canals to divert water, is primarily used in Himachal Pradesh. It helps carry water from glaciers to fields.

🎯 Exam Tip: Different states have unique traditional water management systems; associate each system with its correct geographical region.

Question 5. Which lake has the religious significance?
(a) Pushkar lake
(b) Umed sagar lake
(c) Kelana lake
(d) Takhat sagar lake
Answer: (a) Pushkar lake
In simple words: Pushkar Lake is a very important holy site, especially known for its religious significance. Many pilgrims visit it every year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify famous landmarks known for religious or cultural importance, not just practical utility, when the question asks for significance.

Question 6. Bagolia pond is found in the district.
(a) Jodhpur
(b) Udaipur
(c) Alwar
(d) Jaipur
Answer: (b) Udaipur
In simple words: The Bagolia pond is located in the district of Udaipur. It is one of the many water bodies in that region.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice associating specific ponds and lakes with their respective districts to improve geographical knowledge.

Question 7. What is the position of Rajasthan in India as regard to its population?
(a) Fifth
(b) Sixth
(c) Seventh
(d) Eighth
Answer: (d) Eighth
In simple words: Rajasthan holds the eighth position among Indian states when ranked by its total population. It is a large state with a sizable population.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember key demographic facts about states, such as their rank in terms of population or area.

Question 9. Kund is another name for -
(a) Tanka
(b) Nadi
(c) Stepwell
(d) Kui
Answer: (a) Tanka
In simple words: Kund is another name for a Tanka, which is a traditional underground reservoir used to collect rainwater. These are often found in desert regions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of regional variations or synonyms for traditional water harvesting structures, as questions might use different terms.

Question 10. 5.5% population of India lives in Rajasthan but it has only of the total water supply -
(a) 2%
(b) 3%
(c) 1%
(d) 4%
Answer: (c) 1%
In simple words: While 5.5% of India's people live in Rajasthan, the state only has 1% of the country's total water supply. This highlights a big water shortage problem.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing comparative statistics between population and resources helps understand the challenges faced by a region.

Question 11. Which lake is found in Churu?
(a) Taal Chhapar lake
(b) Mansarovar lake
(c) Jawahar Sagar lake
(d) Aanasagar lake
Answer: (a) Taal Chhapar lake
In simple words: The Taal Chhapar lake is specifically located in the Churu district. It is known for its wildlife sanctuary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on identifying unique geographical features like lakes that are strongly associated with specific districts.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 2. Name the conventional water resources of Kerala and Karnataka.
Answer: In Kerala, the conventional water resource is called Surangam, while in Karnataka, it is known as Katta. These systems are traditional methods for managing and utilizing water in their respective regions. Surangams are tunnel-like structures for groundwater harvesting. Kattas are small check dams built across streams.
In simple words: Kerala uses Surangam and Karnataka uses Katta as their traditional water resources.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about different states, ensure you match the correct water resource name to each state.

Question 3. What are the other popular names of Bawadi?
Answer: Bawadi is also known by several other popular names such as Vapika, Vapi, Karkandhu, and Shakandhu. These different names reflect the regional variations and historical context of these stepwells. Despite the various names, they all refer to the same type of traditional water structure.
In simple words: Bawadi is also called Vapika, Vapi, Karkandhu, and Shakandhu.

🎯 Exam Tip: List all known alternative names when asked for "other popular names" of a particular structure.

Question 4. What is Nehata (Neshta)?
Answer: Nehata, also called Neshta, is a structure built to release excess water from a Nadi or pond. Its purpose is to direct this surplus water to another nearby farm, Nadi, or pond. This system helps prevent flooding and ensures that water is distributed efficiently across different areas, especially for agricultural use. It acts as a controlled overflow system.
In simple words: Nehata (Neshta) is a channel that lets extra water from a pond or Nadi flow to another farm or water body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the function of a water management system, especially how it handles surplus water.

Question 5. What is Palar Pani?
Answer: Palar Pani refers to the rainwater that is collected in a Nadi or Tanka. This term specifically highlights the pure and valuable nature of freshly fallen rainwater as it is gathered directly into these traditional storage systems. It represents a direct and clean source of water. This water is often highly valued in arid regions.
In simple words: Palar Pani is the rainwater collected in traditional Nadi or Tanka structures.

🎯 Exam Tip: For local terminology, define the term and briefly explain its significance in the context of water harvesting.

Question 6. What is Tanka?
Answer: A Tanka is a reservoir built specifically to collect rainwater. These are typically underground structures, often found in arid regions, designed to store water for drinking and domestic use. They are crucial for survival in areas with scarce water resources. Tankas prevent evaporation, keeping the water cool and safe.
In simple words: A Tanka is a special reservoir built underground to collect and store rainwater.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the unique characteristics of a Tanka, such as its purpose for rainwater collection and typical location.

Question 7. Where is Chand Bawadi of Abhaneri?
Answer: The Chand Bawadi of Abhaneri is located near the Harshad Mata Mandir. This famous stepwell is a significant historical and architectural site in Rajasthan. It is a popular tourist attraction for its intricate design and depth. The location is important for pilgrims visiting the temple.
In simple words: Chand Bawadi in Abhaneri is found near the Harshad Mata Temple.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for the location of a landmark, specify a nearby known place or town to provide clear context.

Question 8. Which edicts make reference to the Sudarshan lake?
Answer: Padmini, Vankia, Muraliya, and Senapani are the main ponds of Chittorgarh. These historical water bodies reflect the traditional water management practices of the region. They have played an important role in the local water supply for centuries.
In simple words: Padmini, Vankia, Muraliya, and Senapani are important ponds in Chittorgarh.

🎯 Exam Tip: When questions refer to historical references, ensure you provide accurate names of historical texts or inscriptions if they are known.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Cite some of instances of water management of the times immemorial in India.
Answer: Several examples show ancient water management in India. These include:
1. Evidence from the excavations in the Harappa city.
2. Mentions in ancient edicts (official announcements).
3. Practices from the pre-medieval and medieval periods.
4. Descriptions in Puranic scriptures (ancient Hindu texts).
5. References in Jain and Buddhist literature.
6. Inscriptions from the Junagarh edicts of Emperor Chandra Gupta Maurya. These instances highlight a long history of sophisticated water conservation.
In simple words: Ancient India managed water through Harappan excavations, old edicts, medieval practices, Puranic texts, Jain and Buddhist writings, and Junagarh edicts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked for historical examples, list specific periods, texts, or archaeological findings to support your answer.

Question 2. Why are there so many diversities in India, in the water management system?
Answer: India has a wide variety of water management systems due to its diverse geography and varied water resources. Different regions face unique challenges and have different amounts of water available. For example, the Himalayan regions use river water accumulation systems, while drier areas like Rajasthan depend on rainwater storage systems. These local adaptations reflect the country's vast natural variations. This geographic diversity forces communities to develop unique solutions.
In simple words: India has many different water management systems because its geography is varied, and water is not found equally everywhere. For instance, mountains use river systems, while deserts use rainwater collection.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link diversity in water management directly to geographical diversity and the availability of water resources across different regions.

Question 3. What is Kui or Beri considered as a conventional source of water? Clarify it.
Answer: Kui or Beri is considered a traditional water source because it is typically built next to a pond, allowing water to seep into it. These structures are usually 10 to 12 meters deep, with their openings covered by wood logs. Kuis are very common in western Rajasthan, especially in districts bordering Pakistan. In 1987, during a severe drought when all ponds dried up, the Kuis or Beris still held water, proving their reliability. They are a simple yet effective way to access groundwater. The wooden covers help reduce evaporation and keep the water clean.
In simple words: Kui or Beri are deep wells, usually 10-12 meters, dug next to ponds to collect seeping water. They are a reliable traditional water source in western Rajasthan, especially during droughts, and their tops are covered with wood.

🎯 Exam Tip: When clarifying a water source, explain its construction, location, unique features, and the situations in which it proves particularly useful.

Question 4. Write about the significance of the concept of water management with a particular reference to Rajasthan.
Answer: The idea of water management and conservation is extremely important in Rajasthan, especially when considering various development plans and industries. Traditional water management systems in Rajasthan are surface-level. Water conservation holds great significance because water resources are highly revered and worshipped by the people of Rajasthan. Residents have innovated artificial water sources that have helped ease their daily struggles. Many folk tales from different parts of Rajasthan highlight the importance of water. Ultimately, water quality shapes life, and its proper management forms the foundation for many development projects. This cultural value makes conservation efforts more effective.
In simple words: Water management is very important in Rajasthan because water is worshipped, people have created artificial sources to ease hardship, and many stories show its value. Good water management is key for life quality and development in the state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Discuss significance by combining practical aspects (development, artificial sources) with cultural and social dimensions (worship, folk tales).

Question 5. Why is it necessary to revive the conventional sources of water in Rajasthan?
Answer: Reviving traditional water sources in Rajasthan is crucial for several reasons. Geographically, Rajasthan is India's largest state by area, and in terms of population, it ranks eighth. Despite having 5.5% of India's population, it possesses only 1% of the country's total water supply. This severe imbalance between population and water resources makes it absolutely necessary to restore and use all available conventional water sources. These traditional methods are often more sustainable and better adapted to local conditions, helping to bridge the water gap. By reviving them, the state can secure its future water needs.
In simple words: Rajasthan is a large state with many people but very little water (5.5% population, 1% water supply). So, it must revive its old water sources to meet its water needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use statistics and comparative data (population vs. water share) to strongly justify the necessity of reviving traditional practices.

Question 6. Write about the ponds as the conventional water management source and name a few ponds of Rajasthan.
Answer: Ponds have been a traditional water management source in Rajasthan since ancient times. They collect rainwater and often have wells beside them for accessing groundwater. Historically, these ponds were cared for by the local community or society, ensuring their maintenance. Many ponds with religious importance have been well-preserved. However, many have also become urbanized. It is vital to properly maintain Rajasthan's ponds as they serve as primary water sources for numerous wells and stepwells (Bawadis).
A few important ponds of Rajasthan are:
1. Sukhsagar, Kalasagar, Jangali ponds of Ranthambore.
2. Bagolia pond of Udaipur.
3. Edward Sagar of Dungarpur.
4. Sareri, Khari, Meja ponds of Bhilwara.
5. Parvati and Baretha ponds of Bharatpur.
6. Hemavas, Dantiwada & Muthana ponds of Pali.
These ponds are not just water sources but also ecological hubs.
In simple words: Ponds are old water sources in Rajasthan that collect rainwater and feed nearby wells. They need care, especially those with religious value, as they are crucial for local water supply. Examples include Sukhsagar and Bagolia.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your answer by first describing the general role and importance of ponds, then follow with a clear list of specific examples.