NEET Biology The Living World Important Questions Set 02

These Class 11 NEET Biology important questions on The Living World give 23 questions with step-by-step answers, arranged as very short, short and long answer types, taken from a model test paper. They help NEET aspirants revise the definitions, structures, differences and key terms of the chapter.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Write codes of biological nomenclature for plants and animals.
Answer: ICBN – International Code for Botanical Nomenclature for plants, and ICZN – International Code of Zoological Nomenclature for animals.

Question 2. Identify the generic and specific names in the given scientific names. Rosa indica and Felis domestica
Answer: Generic name : Rosa and Felis Specific name : indica and domestica

Question 3. Define taxonomy.
Answer: Taxonomy is the study that deals with principles procedures of identification, nomenclature and classification of organisms.

Question 4. How many major categories are included in the taxonomic hierarchy? Which is the highest category in this hierarchy?
Answer: Seven Kingdom

Question 5. Which of the following share more common characters? Species or Class, Kingdom or Family, Species or Genus
Answer: Species or genus

Question 6. Name any two taxonomical aids.
Answer: Herbarium, Botanical gardens, Museum, Zoological parks and Key (any two).

Question 7. What is herbarium?
Answer: Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets.

Question 8. Why manuals are used as taxonomical aids?
Answer: Manuals are used as taxonomical aids because they are useful in providing information for identification of names of species found in an area.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 9. Write four features of living organisms.
Answer: Features of living organisms are (any 4) :
(i) Growth
(ii) Reproduction
(iii) Metabolism
(iv) Cellular organisation of the body
(v) Consciousness

Question 10. Which of the following represents phylum, class, family and species in the given classification of housefly. Arthropoda, Insecta, Diptera, Muscidae, Musca, domestica
Answer: Phylum – Arthropoda Class – Insecta Family – Muscidae Species – domestica

Question 11. Define the given terms.
(a) Identification
(b) Biodiversity
Answer: (a) Identification : It means finding of correct name and place of the organism in a system of classification.
(b) Biodiversity : It refers to the diverse life forms of a particular habitat. For example, in forests large number of different types of living organisms are found.

Question 12. The common name of wheat is easy to learn as compared to its scientific name Triticum aestivum. Then why do we have scientific name for it?
Answer: (i) The use of a scientific name avoids the confusion among the biologists.
(ii) It ensures that each organism is universally recognised by an exclusive name.

Question 13. Write the scientific name of the following animals.
(a) Dog (b) Potato
Answer: (a) Dog : Canis familiaris
(b) Potato : Solanum tuberosum

Question 14. How will you preserve the following organisms in a museum?
(a) Plant and animal (b) Insects
Answer: (a) Plant and animal : Some plant and animal specimens are preserved as dry specimens whereas some larger animals like birds and mammals are usually stuffed and preserved.
(b) Insects : Insects are preserved in insect boxes after collecting, killing and pinning.

Question 15. Explain herbarium sheets.
Answer: Herbarium sheets are arranged according to a universally accepted system of classification. These herbarium sheets carry a label providing information about date and place of collection. English, local and botanical names, family, collector's name etc. are also labelled on these sheets which helps in their easy study.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 16. Why is reproduction not considered as the defining characteristic of living organisms?
Answer: Because there are many organisms which cannot reproduce but are living. For example, mules, sterile worker bees, infertile human couples etc. Similarly, in case of unicellular organisms, it is not clear whether they reproduce or grow. As their number of cells increases when they reproduce asexually which is correlated with the growth.

Question 17. Who gave binomial nomenclature? Why is it necessary?
Answer: Carolus Linnaeus. Binomial nomenclature is a system of providing a name with two components – generic name and specific name or specific epithet which helps in avoiding the confusion among the people of different areas of the world because in comparison to scientific names, the local names or common names vary from region to region, even within a country. Therefore, scientific names should be assigned to each living organism, so that all biologists and people use the single name for a particular organism.

Question 18. Explain the category present between phylum and order in brief with examples.
Answer: The taxon present between phylum and order is class. It is a group of related orders that means related orders are kept in the same class. For example, the order rodentia of rats, primata of monkey, gorilla and gibbon, lagomorpha of rabbits and carnivora of cats and dogs are placed in the same class mammalia. All these orders are kept in the same class because all the animals present in these orders have similar characters such as presence of mammary glands and hair on their skin.

Question 19. Write the classification of mango plant starting from division.
Answer: Division – Angiospermae Class – Dicotyledonae Order – Sapindales Family – Anacardiaceae Genus – Mangifera Species – indica

Question 20. Define the following with an example :
(a) Taxon (b) Species
Answer: (a) Taxon : Each category included in taxonomic hierarchy referred to as a unit of classification which represents a rank is commonly called taxon.
(b) Species : It is a group of populations which resemble one another in all essential morphological and reproductive characters, so that they are able to interbreed freely and produce fertile offsprings. For example, leo is a species of lion.

Question 21. Write a short note on zoological parks.
Answer: These are the places where wild animals are kept in protected environments under human care and enable us to learn about their food habits and behaviour. All animals in a zoo are provided as far as possible the conditions similar to their natural habitats.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 22. Describe key as a taxonomical aid in detail.
Answer: Key is a taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities. The keys are based on the contrasting characters generally occurring in a pair called couplet. It represents the choice made between two opposite options. This results in acceptance of one and rejection of the other. Each statement in the key is called a lead. Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category such as family, genus and species for identification purposes. Keys are generally analytical in nature.

Question 23. Give hierarchical arrangement of taxonomic categories in descending order. Write the genus of man, makoi and tiger.

Answer:

Kingdom

Phylum/Division

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species Genus of
(i) Man is Homo.
(ii) Makoi is Solanum.
(iii) Tiger is Panthera.