NEET Biology Neural Control and Coordination MCQs Set 23

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Read the statements: (A) Unipolar neurons have a cell body with one axon only and are found in the retina of the eye. (B) Unmyelinated nerve fibres do not have a myelin sheath because they are never enclosed by Schwann cells in PNS. (C) The new potential developed on the post-synaptic membrane after binding of the neurotransmitter with receptors is always excitatory. (D) The Na+-K+ pump is responsible for the resting stage. (E) Na+ concentration is more in axoplasm. Which statements are not correct?
(a) A and B
(b) A, B and C
(c) B, C and D
(d) A, B, C and E
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A, B, C and E

Explanation:
1. The retina has bipolar neurons, unmyelinated fibres are enclosed by Schwann cells but without myelin, and the post-synaptic potential may be excitatory or inhibitory.

Teacher's Note:
1. Na+ is more in the extracellular fluid, while the Na+-K+ pump does maintain the resting state.

Question 2: Which of the following statements is false about the electrical synapse? I. The membranes of pre and post synaptic neurons are in very close proximity. II. Electrical current can flow directly from one neuron into the other across the synapses. III. Transmission of an impulse across electrical synapses is very similar to impulse conduction along a single axon. IV. Electrical synapses pass electrical signals between cells with the use of Ach. V. Electrical synapses are fast. VI. Electrical synapses are rare in our system.
(a) I and II
(b) Only II
(c) Only IV
(d) Only V
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Only IV

Explanation:
1. Electrical synapses pass the current directly through gap junctions and use no neurotransmitter.

Teacher's Note:
1. So the statement that Ach is used is false.

Question 3: The nervous system is composed of specialised cells called neurons, which have the property of:
(a) Excitability and flexibility
(b) Conductivity and elasticity
(c) Excitability and conductivity
(d) Flexibility and contractibility
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Excitability and conductivity

Explanation:
1. Neurons detect and respond to stimuli (excitability) and conduct impulses (conductivity).

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 4: In the axon of motor nerve fibres, the nerve impulse travels:
(a) From voluntary muscles to the brain
(b) From organ to CNS
(c) From CNS to organ
(d) From cell body to dendron
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) From CNS to organ

Explanation:
1. Motor (efferent) fibres carry impulses from the CNS to the effector organs, like muscles.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 5: After depolarisation, the rise in permeability to K+ leads to K+ diffusion outside the membrane. This represents which stage of nerve conduction?
(a) Polarisation
(b) Depolarisation
(c) Repolarisation
(d) Hyperpolarisation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Repolarisation

Explanation:
1. Efflux of K+ after the Na+ influx brings the membrane potential back to the resting level, which is repolarisation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 6: When a stimulus is applied at a site on the polarised membrane, then:
(a) The membrane becomes freely permeable to Na+
(b) The membrane becomes more permeable to K+
(c) The ionic gradient across the membrane is maintained by the Na+-K+ pump
(d) The membrane becomes nearly impermeable to Na+
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) The membrane becomes freely permeable to Na+

Explanation:
1. A stimulus makes the membrane at that site freely permeable to Na+, so Na+ rushes in and the polarity reverses.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 7: Which of the following nerves transmits nerve impulses towards the CNS only?
(a) Occulomotor nerve
(b) Abducens nerve
(c) Ventral root of the spinal nerve
(d) Auditory nerve
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Auditory nerve

Explanation:
1. The auditory nerve is a sensory nerve and carries impulses from the ear to the brain.

Teacher's Note:
1. The occulomotor and abducens nerves and the ventral root are motor.

Question 8: Which is incorrect about the Na+ ion?
(a) Conducts impulse along the nerve
(b) Is reabsorbed in the nephron with the help of aldosterone
(c) Transmits the impulse during repolarisation
(d) Is transported by the pump during the resting stage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Transmits the impulse during repolarisation

Explanation:
1. The impulse is carried by the inward flow of Na+ during depolarisation, and in repolarisation K+ moves out.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 9: Transmission of a neuronal signal across the synapse requires the release of ___ in abundant synapses of the body.
(a) Na+ ions
(b) K+ ions
(c) Cl- ions
(d) Neurotransmitter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Neurotransmitter

Explanation:
1. Most synapses in the body are chemical synapses, and the signal is passed by neurotransmitters released into the synaptic cleft.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 10: Which ion is responsible for the reversal of polarity during conduction?
(a) K+
(b) Na+
(c) K+ and Na+
(d) Ca2+
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Na+

Explanation:
1. The rapid influx of Na+ makes the inside of the membrane positive and the outside negative, which reverses the polarity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 11: Why do some neurotransmitters excite the post synaptic neuron whereas others inhibit it? It depends on:
(a) The permeability changes induced in the post synaptic neuron by binding of the neurotransmitter
(b) Closing of specific ion channels in the post synaptic membrane by binding of the neurotransmitter
(c) Electrical transmission of the synapse by K+
(d) This is not applicable for chemical synapses
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) The permeability changes induced in the post synaptic neuron by binding of the neurotransmitter

Explanation:
1. The neurotransmitter changes the permeability of the post synaptic membrane to certain ions, which may produce depolarisation (excitatory) or hyperpolarisation (inhibitory).

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 12: The pneumotaxic centre is present in:
(a) Fore brain
(b) Mid brain
(c) Spinal cord
(d) Hind brain
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Hind brain

Explanation:
1. The pneumotaxic centre is in the pons of the hind brain and moderates the rhythm centre in the medulla.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 13: Movement of the tongue is controlled by which cranial nerve?
(a) 12th
(b) 7th
(c) 5th
(d) 9th
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 12th

Explanation:
1. The 12th cranial nerve, the hypoglossal nerve, supplies the muscles of the tongue.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 14: Statements: I. The cerebellum has a very convoluted surface to provide additional space for more neurons. II. The medulla is connected to the spinal cord. III. The medulla contains controlling centres for respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and gastric secretion.
(a) All are correct
(b) Only I is correct
(c) Only I and III are correct
(d) Only II is correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) All are correct

Explanation:
1. All three statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. The convoluted cerebellum has many neurons, and the medulla joins the spinal cord and holds vital reflex centres.

Question 15: Find out the correct statements: (A) The somatic neural system relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles. (B) The ANS transmits impulses from the CNS to voluntary muscles. (C) Neural organisation is very simple in vertebrates whereas it is better organised in insects. (D) A neuron can detect, receive and transmit stimuli.
(a) A and B correct
(b) B and C correct
(c) C and D correct
(d) A and D correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A and D correct

Explanation:
1. The somatic system carries impulses to the skeletal muscles, and neurons detect, receive and transmit stimuli.

Teacher's Note:
1. The ANS supplies involuntary organs, and neural organisation is more complex in vertebrates.

Question 16: The cerebral cortex is related to the storage of memory, communication of information towards different parts, and it also integrates two sensory stimuli. This is due to the presence of:
(a) Sensory area
(b) Motor area
(c) Association area
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Association area

Explanation:
1. The association areas of the cerebral cortex are neither clearly sensory nor motor, and they are responsible for memory, communication and integration of information.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 17: The velocity of a nerve impulse is more in:
(a) Unmyelinated axons
(b) Continuous myelinated axon
(c) Discontinuous myelinated axons
(d) Dendron and cyton
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Discontinuous myelinated axons

Explanation:
1. In myelinated fibres the impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next (saltatory conduction), which is faster.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 18: Association areas are:
(a) Sensory areas found in the deep part of the cerebral cortex
(b) Motor areas found in the surface layer of grey matter of the cerebrum
(c) Neither clearly sensory nor motor, found in the grey matter of the cerebrum
(d) Hypothalamic neurons which secrete hormones
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Neither clearly sensory nor motor, found in the grey matter of the cerebrum

Explanation:
1. The association areas are large regions of the cortex that are neither clearly sensory nor motor, and they deal with intersensory associations, memory and communication.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 19: Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Saltatory conduction is seen in non-myelinated nerve fibres
(b) Nissl's granules synthesise proteins to regenerate the damaged part of the neuron
(c) Neurofibrils inhibit internal conduction of the nerve impulse
(d) The trigger zone triggers a nerve impulse at the base of the dendron
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Nissl's granules synthesise proteins to regenerate the damaged part of the neuron

Explanation:
1. Nissl's granules are rough ER with ribosomes that make proteins for the neuron.

Teacher's Note:
1. Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated fibres.

Question 20: Scavenger cells of nervous tissue are:
(a) Oligodendrocytes
(b) Astrocytes
(c) Cell body
(d) Microglial cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Microglial cells

Explanation:
1. Microglia are the phagocytic cells of the CNS and remove debris and microbes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 21: The opaque white appearance of white matter is due to:
(a) Fibres of the tract covered by axolemma only
(b) Fibres of the tract not covered by a myelin sheath
(c) Fibres of the tract covered by a myelin sheath
(d) White matter absent in CNS
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fibres of the tract covered by a myelin sheath

Explanation:
1. White matter has myelinated fibres, and the fatty myelin sheath gives the opaque white appearance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 22: Which of the following is not a characteristic feature of the mammalian brain?
(a) Corpus callosum
(b) Hollow corpora quadrigemina
(c) Arachnoid
(d) Mammillary body
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Hollow corpora quadrigemina

Explanation:
1. The corpora quadrigemina of mammals are solid, with four lobes, and the hollow optic lobes are found in lower vertebrates.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 23: Which option is correct regarding corpora quadrigemina?
(a) It is composed of four hollow lobes
(b) It is characteristic of amphibians
(c) It is located dorsally in the midbrain
(d) It is not part of the brain stem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) It is located dorsally in the midbrain

Explanation:
1. The corpora quadrigemina are four solid lobes on the dorsal side of the midbrain, which is part of the brain stem, and are characteristic of mammals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

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