NEET Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants MCQs Set 16

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Morphology Of Flowering Plants

View or download the dedicated Morphology Of Flowering Plants MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Direct elongation of the radicle leads to the formation of which root?
(a) Secondary root
(b) Adventitious root
(c) Primary root
(d) Fibrous root
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Primary root

Explanation:
1. The primary root arises directly from the radicle.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its branches are secondary and tertiary roots.

Question 2: The primary root and its branches constitute the
(a) fibrous root system
(b) adventitious root system
(c) prop root system
(d) tap root system
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) tap root system

Explanation:
1. Dicotyledons usually have a tap root system, as in mustard.

Teacher's Note:
1. Monocots have fibrous roots.

Question 3: In monocots the primary root is short lived and is replaced by many thin roots arising from the base of the stem. This is a
(a) tap root system
(b) fibrous root system
(c) prop root system
(d) pneumatophore system
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) fibrous root system

Explanation:
1. Wheat shows a fibrous root system.

Teacher's Note:
1. These roots arise from the stem base, not the radicle.

Question 4: Roots that arise from parts of the plant other than the radicle are
(a) adventitious roots
(b) tap roots
(c) lateral roots
(d) pneumatophores
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) adventitious roots

Explanation:
1. Examples include grass roots and Monstera roots.

Teacher's Note:
1. Adventitious roots can arise from stem or leaf.

Question 5: The root apex is covered by a thimble-like structure called
(a) root hair
(b) epiblema
(c) pericycle
(d) root cap
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) root cap

Explanation:
1. The root cap protects the tender apical meristem as the root pushes through soil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cells in the meristematic zone lie just above the root cap.

Question 6: The region of the root tip with very small, thin walled cells and dense protoplasm is the
(a) region of meristematic activity
(b) region of elongation
(c) region of maturation
(d) root cap
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) region of meristematic activity

Explanation:
1. These cells divide actively.

Teacher's Note:
1. The cells proximal to this zone elongate and then mature.

Question 7: Which part of the root tip is responsible for growth of the root in length?
(a) Root cap
(b) Region of elongation
(c) Region of maturation
(d) Root hair zone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Region of elongation

Explanation:
1. The cells of the elongation zone lengthen rapidly.

Teacher's Note:
1. Root hairs arise in the zone of maturation.

Question 8: Root hairs are found in which region?
(a) Region of elongation
(b) Meristematic zone
(c) Region of maturation
(d) Root cap
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Region of maturation

Explanation:
1. Epidermal cells of the zone of maturation give rise to root hairs which absorb water and minerals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Differentiation of tissues occurs here.

Question 9: The hanging structures that support the branches of a banyan tree are
(a) stilt roots
(b) pneumatophores
(c) tendrils
(d) prop roots
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) prop roots

Explanation:
1. Prop roots grow from branches downwards into the soil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stilt roots arise from the stem base.

Question 10: In Rhizophora, pneumatophores help in
(a) storage
(b) support
(c) respiration
(d) nitrogen fixation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) respiration

Explanation:
1. Rhizophora grows in swampy areas and its roots come out above the ground to take up oxygen.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are also called breathing roots.

Question 11: The shoot develops from which part of the embryo?
(a) Radicle
(b) Plumule
(c) Coleoptile
(d) Hypocotyl only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Plumule

Explanation:
1. The plumule gives rise to the shoot and the radicle to the primary root.

Teacher's Note:
1. The stem bears nodes and internodes.

Question 12: Which stem modification is correctly matched?
(a) Opuntia: phylloclade
(b) Citrus: tendril
(c) Cucumber: thorn
(d) Zaminkand: phylloclade
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Opuntia: phylloclade

Explanation:
1. Opuntia has flattened stem phylloclades, Citrus and Bougainvillea have thorns, cucumber has stem tendril and zaminkand is an underground stem.

Teacher's Note:
1. Euphorbia has a fleshy cylindrical green stem.

Question 13: In which plants does each node bear a rosette of leaves and a tuft of roots?
(a) Opuntia and Euphorbia
(b) Mint and jasmine
(c) Pistia and Eichhornia
(d) Banana and pineapple
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Pistia and Eichhornia

Explanation:
1. In these aquatic floating plants, an offset is formed by lateral branches.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mint uses runners.

Question 14: Jasmine shows which sub-aerial stem modification?
(a) Runner
(b) Sucker
(c) Stolon
(d) Offset
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Stolon

Explanation:
1. A stolon bends down to touch the soil and forms new plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. Banana and pineapple have suckers.

Question 15: In banana, the lateral branch that grows obliquely upward giving leafy shoots is called
(a) a stolon
(b) an offset
(c) a runner
(d) a sucker
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a sucker

Explanation:
1. Suckers arise from the basal underground part.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chrysanthemum also has suckers.

Question 16: Leaves originate from which meristem and bear a bud in their axil?
(a) Root apical meristem
(b) Shoot apical meristem
(c) Intercalary meristem
(d) Lateral meristem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Shoot apical meristem

Explanation:
1. Leaves arise at the nodes from the shoot apical meristem in an acropetal order.

Teacher's Note:
1. The axillary bud may develop into a branch or flower.

Question 17: Which parts make up a typical leaf?
(a) Leaf base, rachis and thorn
(b) Leaf base, petiole and lamina
(c) Petiole, stipule and tendril only
(d) Lamina, node and internode
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Leaf base, petiole and lamina

Explanation:
1. The leaf has a leaf base, petiole and lamina.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stipules are lateral outgrowths of the leaf base.

Question 18: Sheathing leaf base is characteristic of
(a) dicotyledons
(b) monocotyledons
(c) gymnosperms only
(d) ferns only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) monocotyledons

Explanation:
1. In monocots the leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem.

Teacher's Note:
1. In some leguminous plants the leaf base is swollen as pulvinus.

Question 19: The swollen leaf base of leguminous plants is called
(a) pulvinus
(b) stipule
(c) petiole
(d) rachis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) pulvinus

Explanation:
1. Pulvinus helps in leaf movements.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stipules are present in dicots.

Question 20: The arrangement of veins and veinlets in the lamina is called
(a) venation
(b) phyllotaxy
(c) aestivation
(d) placentation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) venation

Explanation:
1. Venation can be reticulate or parallel.

Teacher's Note:
1. Reticulate venation is typical of dicots.

Question 21: Parallel venation is typically found in
(a) dicotyledons
(b) monocotyledons
(c) both equally
(d) gymnosperms only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) monocotyledons

Explanation:
1. Grasses and wheat show parallel veins.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dicot leaves have reticulate venation.

Question 22: A leaf whose incisions of the lamina reach up to the midrib is a
(a) simple leaf
(b) compound leaf
(c) sheathing leaf
(d) phyllode
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) compound leaf

Explanation:
1. In a compound leaf the lamina is broken into leaflets.

Teacher's Note:
1. A bud occurs in the axil of the petiole but not in the axil of leaflets.

Question 23: Rachis is present in
(a) pinnately compound leaf
(b) simple leaf
(c) palmately compound leaf
(d) phyllode
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) pinnately compound leaf

Explanation:
1. In a pinnately compound leaf the leaflets are on a common axis called rachis, as in neem.

Teacher's Note:
1. In palmately compound leaves, leaflets are attached at the tip of the petiole.

Question 24: Match phyllotaxy with plant:
(a) Opposite: mustard
(b) Whorled: guava
(c) Alternate: mustard and China rose
(d) Alternate: Alstonia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Alternate: mustard and China rose

Explanation:
1. Mustard and China rose have alternate leaves, guava and Calotropis opposite, and Alstonia whorled.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count the number of leaves per node.

Question 25: Which plant modification is correctly matched?
(a) Leaf spine: Venus fly trap
(b) Insectivorous plant: cactus
(c) Leaf tendril: cactus
(d) Leaf tendril: pea
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Leaf tendril: pea

Explanation:
1. Pea has leaf tendrils, cactus has spines and Venus fly trap is insectivorous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pitcher plant is also insectivorous.

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