NEET Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants MCQs Set 14

Answer: (a) Pome

Explanation:
1. In a pome (apple, pear) the edible part is the fleshy thalamus, not the ovary wall.
2. Pepo, hesperidium and drupe develop from the ovary alone.

Teacher's Note:
1. False fruit: parts other than ovary form the fruit, as in apple, strawberry and cashew.

Answer: (c) Pepo fruit

Explanation:
1. Water melon is a pepo, a berry-like fruit with a hard rind from an inferior ovary of the gourd family.
2. Its edible part is the mesocarp, endocarp and seeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pepo: gourd family (watermelon, cucumber, muskmelon).

Answer: (a) Cruciferae

Explanation:
1. Cruciferae flowers have six stamens, four long and two short.
2. That is tetradynamous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Tetra = four long stamens. Cruciferae also has tetramerous cruciform corolla.

Answer: (c) Juicy aril

Explanation:
1. The edible portion of litchi is the fleshy white aril, an outgrowth of the seed.
2. It is not part of the fruit wall.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aril is an outgrowth from the funicle or hilum region of the seed.

Answer: (d) Cucumber

Explanation:
1. In epigynous flowers the ovary is inferior and the other whorls arise above it.
2. Cucumber, apple and guava are epigynous; mustard, brinjal and China rose have superior ovaries.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hypogynous: superior ovary. Epigynous: inferior ovary. Perigynous: ovary half inferior.

Answer: (b) Free central

Explanation:
1. Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) has a unilocular ovary with ovules on a central column that is not joined to the walls.
2. That is free central placentation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Free central: Dianthus, Primula.

Answer: (c) Peach

Explanation:
1. In plum, rose and peach the ovary is borne on the rim of a cup-shaped thalamus, so the flower is perigynous with a half-inferior ovary.
2. Apple and guava have inferior ovaries and garlic a superior one.

Teacher's Note:
1. Perigynous: plum, rose, peach.

Answer: (b) Petals

Explanation:
1. Keel (carina) is formed by the two innermost petals of a papilionaceous corolla, which are joined.
2. It encloses the stamens and pistil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Papilionaceous corolla: 1 standard, 2 wings, 2 joined petals as keel.

Answer: (d) Lemon

Explanation:
1. In lemon (Citrus) the filaments are united in several bundles.
2. Cotton and China rose are monoadelphous, and pea is diadelphous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember: Citrus is polyadelphous.

Answer: (c) Liliaceae

Explanation:
1. Both Aloe and Allium sativum belong to the lily family.
2. Their flowers are trimerous with six tepals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Liliaceae: onion, garlic, Aloe, Asparagus, tulip, Colchicum.

Answer: (c) Fabaceae

Explanation:
1. Pea family flowers can be divided into two equal halves in only one vertical plane.
2. Solanaceae, Malvaceae and Liliaceae are actinomorphic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fabaceae and Cassia show zygomorphy.

Answer: (b) False septum

Explanation:
1. In Cruciferae the ovary is divided into two chambers by a false septum, formed from the replum, which grows between the parietal placentae.
2. This makes the ovary appear bilocular.

Teacher's Note:
1. Replum is the false septum of the siliqua.

Answer: (a) Parietal

Explanation:
1. The ovary of mustard is bicarpellary and syncarpous, with ovules on the wall (parietal placentae).
2. A false septum divides it later.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cruciferae: parietal placentation.

Answer: (a) Cruciferae

Explanation:
1. Capsella bursa-pastoris has cruciform corolla, tetradynamous stamens and siliqua fruit.
2. Hence it is a member of Cruciferae.

Teacher's Note:
1. Capsella: Cruciferae (Brassicaceae).

Answer: (d) Stem

Explanation:
1. Potato tuber is the swollen tip of an underground stem, with eyes (axillary buds).
2. It is a stem, not a root.

Teacher's Note:
1. Potato is a stem tuber; sweet potato is a root tuber.

Answer: (a) Fabaceae

Explanation:
1. Arachis hypogaea is a legume with papilionaceous flowers and pod fruits.
2. It belongs to Fabaceae.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fabaceae = Leguminosae sub-family Papilionoideae.

Answer: (a) Cruciferae

Explanation:
1. Cruciferae has two carpels, parietal placentation and a false septum (replum).
2. Leguminosae has a monocarpellary ovary and Malvaceae has axile placentation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cruciferae: bicarpellary, superior, parietal.

Answer: (a) Racemose

Explanation:
1. Liliaceae usually have a racemose inflorescence, as in Asphodelus and Allium (umbellate clusters).
2. Cyathium and hypanthodium are special types.

Teacher's Note:
1. Liliaceae: racemose, trimerous, perianth in two whorls of three.

Answer: (d) Solanaceae

Explanation:
1. Belladonna (Atropa) yields atropine and belongs to Solanaceae.
2. It is a medicinal member of the potato family.

Teacher's Note:
1. Solanaceae medicinal plants: Atropa, Withania (ashwagandha).

Answer: (a) Solanaceae

Explanation:
1. Capsicum, chilli and potato all belong to the nightshade family.
2. They share epipetalous stamens and berry or capsule fruits.

Teacher's Note:
1. Solanaceae is also called the potato family.

Answer: (c) Solanaceae

Explanation:
1. Tobacco (Nicotiana) and petunia are Solanaceae members used for fumigation and ornament.
2. The family has a 5-lobed gamosepalous calyx and gamopetalous corolla.

Teacher's Note:
1. Solanaceae: K(5) C(5) A5 G(2).