NEET Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants Important Questions Set 02

These Class 11 NEET Biology important questions on Morphology of Flowering Plants give 23 questions with step-by-step answers, arranged as very short, short and long answer types, taken from a model test paper. They help NEET aspirants revise the definitions, structures, differences and key terms of the chapter.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. There may be a variation in the length of filaments of stamens within a flower. Give two examples.
Answer: Salvia, mustard

Question 2. Write the floral formula for family Liliaceae.
Answer: P₃ A₃ G(3) + 3 + 3

Question 3. Name the fumigatory plant belonging to the family Solanaceae.
Answer: Tobacco

Question 4. What is the ploidy level of aleurone layer?
Answer: Triploid

Question 5. Name the inflorescence in which the flowers are arranged in a basipetal manner.
Answer: Cymose inflorescence

Question 6. What is mesocarp?
Answer: It is the middle layer of the pericarp. It is present between the epicarp and endocarp.

Question 7. What is the fate of ovule and ovary after fertilisation?
Answer: After fertilisation, the ovules develop into seeds and ovary develops into a fruit.

Question 8. Which drupe has a fibrous mesocarp?
Answer: Coconut

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 9. What is the family of Aloe? Why is it important?
Answer: Aloe is a source of medicine. It is a member of Liliaceae.

Question 10. Explain valvate aestivation.
Answer: In valvate aestivation, margin of the sepals or petals present in a whorl just touch each other. There is no overlapping between the two sepals or petals. Example - Calotropis

Question 11. Explain alternate phyllotaxy with the help of an example.
Answer: The phyllotaxy in which single leaf is present at each node in an alternate fashion is called alternate phyllotaxy. Example - China rose, mustard, sunflower.

Question 12. Describe the type of leaf present in neem.
Answer: Neem has pinnately compound leaf. Midrib forms a common axis called rachis.

Question 13. Diagrammatically explain the difference between parallel and reticulate venation.
Answer:

Question 14. What do you understand by asymmetric symmetry?

Answer:

In asymmetric symmetry, a radial vertical plane passing through the centre cannot divide the flower into two equal halves. The flower is irregular and asymmetric.

Example - Canna.

Question 15. What is stigma? Why is it important?
Answer: Stigma is a part of carpel. It is situated at the tip of the style. It receives pollen grains providing male gametes for fertilisation. During pollination, pollen grains are transferred from the anther to the stigma.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 16. Draw the floral diagram for the family Solanaceae.
Answer: Draw a neat, fully labelled diagram.

Question 17. Which symbols are used to represent the following in a floral formula?
(a) Inferior ovary
(b) Calyx
(c) Male
(d) Zygomorphic flower
(e) Perianth
(f) Gynoecium

Answer:

Question 18. Describe the function of a stem.
Answer: (i) Stem bears and support leaves, flowers and fruits.
(ii) It conducts water and mineral salts from roots to the leaves, fruits and different parts of a plant.
(iii) The food manufactured in the leaves is transported to the roots, fruits and organs of storage through the stem.

Question 19. Explain the modified stem – stolon, in brief.
Answer: Stolon : It is subterranean long lateral branch arising from base of the stem. It first grows obliquely upward and then bends down to the ground surface. e.g., Jasmine.

Question 20. What is a floral diagram? Explain with a diagram.
Answer: A floral diagram provides information about the number of parts of a flower, their arrangement and the relation they have with one another. The position of the mother axis with respect to the flower is represented by a dot on the floral diagram in the centre.

Question 21. Give two examples that develop from different part of the angiospermic plant other than radicle. Name the roots which are modified for respiration.
Answer: Stilt roots : They arise from lower nodes to stem e.g., Maize. Prop roots : They arise from the branches of stem e.g., Banyan. Pneumatophores help in respiration e.g., Rhizophora.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 22. (a) What is fruit?
(b) Define parthenocarpic fruit.
(c) Describe various zones of fruit by taking any fleshy fruit.
Answer: (a) Fruit is a ripened ovary, developed after fertilisation.
(b) If fruit is formed without fertilisation of the ovary, it is called a parthenocarpic fruit e.g., Banana.
(c) A fruit consists of a wall or pericarp and seeds. The pericarp may be dry or fleshy. Mango is a fleshy fruit. In mango pericarp is thick and fleshy. It is differentiated into outer epicarp, the middle mesocarp and the inner endocarp. The mesocarp is edible in mango.

Question 23. Distinguish between families Solanaceae, Liliaceae and Fabaceae on the basis of gynoecium characteristics. Also write economic importance of any one of the above family.

Answer:

Criteria Solanaceae Liliaceae Fabaceae Gynoecium Bicarpellary, syncarpous, Tricarpellary, syncarpous, M o n o ca r p e l l a r y, o v a ry ovary superior, bilocular, ovary superior, trilocular with superior, unilocular with many placenta swollen with many many ovules. ovules, style single. ovules.

Economic importance of family fabaceae :

(i) Sources of pulses – e.g., Gram, arhar

(ii) Edible oil – e.g., Soyabean, groundnut
(iii) Dye – e.g., Indigofera

(iv) Fibres – e.g., Sunhemp

(v) Fodder – e.g., Sesbania, Trifolium

(vi) Ornamental plants – e.g., Lupin, sweet pea

(vii) Medicine – e.g., Muliathi