NEET Biology Mineral Nutrition MCQs Set 13

Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Mineral Nutrition

Explore reliable objective questions for Mineral Nutrition tailored for NEET learners. Utilizing these Biology multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Mineral Nutrition

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Mineral Nutrition below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The technique of growing plants in a nutrient solution is called
(a) aeroponics only
(b) tissue culture
(c) vernalisation
(d) hydroponics
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) hydroponics

Explanation:
1. Hydroponics grows plants with roots in a nutrient solution, aerated with a pump or tube.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is used commercially for tomato, seedless cucumber and lettuce.

Question 2: Macronutrients are present in plant tissues in amounts of
(a) less than 10 mmol per kg of dry matter
(b) exactly 1 mmol per kg
(c) less than 1 mmol per kg only
(d) more than 10 mmol per kg of dry matter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) more than 10 mmol per kg of dry matter

Explanation:
1. Macronutrients exceed 10 mmol per kg of dry matter, whereas micronutrients are needed in lesser amounts.

Teacher's Note:
1. Classification is quantitative, not based on importance.

Question 3: Deficiency symptoms of relatively immobile elements such as calcium first appear in
(a) old tissues
(b) roots only
(c) young tissues
(d) seeds only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) young tissues

Explanation:
1. Immobile elements are not remobilised from old leaves, so deficiency shows first in young tissues.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mobile elements like N, K, Mg show deficiency first in older leaves.

Question 4: Deficiency symptoms of mobile elements such as N, Mg, K and P first appear in
(a) young tissues
(b) meristems
(c) developing seeds
(d) older tissues
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) older tissues

Explanation:
1. Mobile elements are exported from old leaves to young growing regions, so older leaves show deficiency first.

Teacher's Note:
1. Compare with Ca and S, which are immobile and affect young leaves.

Question 5: Which element acts as an activator of both RuBisCO and PEP carboxylase?
(a) Zinc
(b) Iron
(c) Boron
(d) Magnesium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Magnesium

Explanation:
1. Magnesium activates enzymes of respiration and photosynthesis, including RuBisCO and PEPcase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mg is also a constituent of the chlorophyll ring.

Question 6: Manganese toxicity causes
(a) brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins
(b) complete leaf fall
(c) purple stems
(d) whiptail of leaves
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) brown spots surrounded by chlorotic veins

Explanation:
1. Excess manganese produces brown spots with chlorotic veins and may induce deficiency of Fe, Mg and Ca.

Teacher's Note:
1. Excess of one element can cause deficiency of another.

Question 7: Radioactive minerals supplied to the soil are translocated through the plant mainly by
(a) xylem
(b) phloem
(c) cambium
(d) pith
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) xylem

Explanation:
1. Mineral ions are carried upward in the transpiration stream through the xylem.

Teacher's Note:
1. Some mineral nutrients are later redistributed through phloem.

Question 8: Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia is called
(a) nitrification
(b) ammonification
(c) denitrification
(d) nitrogen fixation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) nitrogen fixation

Explanation:
1. Reduction of N2 to NH3 is called nitrogen fixation, done biologically by prokaryotes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Industrial and electrochemical fixation also occur.

Question 9: Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are examples of
(a) chemoautotrophic nitrifying bacteria
(b) symbiotic nitrogen fixers
(c) denitrifying bacteria
(d) photoautotrophic bacteria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) chemoautotrophic nitrifying bacteria

Explanation:
1. They oxidise ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate to get energy, so they are chemoautotrophs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus carry out denitrification.

Question 10: Conversion of nitrate to free nitrogen is carried out by
(a) Nitrobacter
(b) Rhizobium
(c) Azotobacter
(d) Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus

Explanation:
1. Denitrification returns N2 to the atmosphere, done by Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Nitrobacter converts nitrite to nitrate.

Question 11: In the reaction alpha-ketoglutaric acid + NH4+ + NADPH gives glutamate + H2O + NADP+, the process and enzyme are
(a) transamination, transaminase
(b) oxidative deamination, glutamate synthase
(c) reductive amination, glutamate dehydrogenase
(d) nitrification, nitrogenase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) reductive amination, glutamate dehydrogenase

Explanation:
1. Addition of ammonia to alpha-ketoglutarate using NADPH is reductive amination catalysed by glutamate dehydrogenase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Transamination transfers an amino group using transaminase.

Question 12: The transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to a keto acid, catalysed by transaminases, is called
(a) reductive amination
(b) transamination
(c) nitrification
(d) decarboxylation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) transamination

Explanation:
1. Transamination moves the amino group from glutamic acid to a keto acid, forming a new amino acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Glutamic acid is the main amino donor.

Question 13: The inward and outward movements of ions across the cell membrane are called
(a) endocytosis and exocytosis
(b) osmosis and diffusion
(c) uptake and imbibition
(d) influx and efflux
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) influx and efflux

Explanation:
1. Ion movement is called flux; inward movement is influx and outward movement is efflux.

Teacher's Note:
1. Active uptake is carried out by membrane pumps.

Question 14: Which of the following is a criterion for essentiality of an element?
(a) It must be present in large amounts
(b) It must be found in the soil
(c) Its absence must have no effect
(d) It must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) It must be directly involved in the metabolism of the plant

Explanation:
1. An essential element is absolutely necessary for normal growth and reproduction, is specific, and is directly involved in metabolism.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its requirement cannot be replaced by another element.

Question 15: Which sequence in the formation of a root nodule in soybean is correct?
(a) Bacteria contact a root hair, root hair curls, infection thread carries bacteria to the inner cortex, nodule matures
(b) Nodule matures, root hair curls, infection thread forms, bacteria contact root
(c) Infection thread forms, bacteria contact root hair, nodule matures, root hair curls
(d) Root hair curls, nodule matures, bacteria contact root hair, infection thread forms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Bacteria contact a root hair, root hair curls, infection thread carries bacteria to the inner cortex, nodule matures

Explanation:
1. Rhizobium contacts a susceptible root hair, it curls, an infection thread carries bacteria to the cortex, and a mature nodule forms with vascular connection.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cortical cell division forms the nodule.

Question 16: Which element is a constituent of thiamine, biotin, coenzyme A and ferredoxin?
(a) Phosphorus
(b) Sulphur
(c) Potassium
(d) Zinc
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sulphur

Explanation:
1. Sulphur is present in cysteine, methionine, thiamine, biotin and coenzyme A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sulphur deficiency causes chlorosis in young leaves.

Question 17: Which micronutrient is needed for photolysis of water in photosynthesis?
(a) Zinc
(b) Boron
(c) Manganese and chlorine
(d) Molybdenum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Manganese and chlorine

Explanation:
1. Manganese and chlorine are required for the water-splitting complex of photosystem II.

Teacher's Note:
1. Zinc activates carboxylases; boron aids pollen germination.

Question 18: Free-living aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria include
(a) Rhodospirillum and Bacillus
(b) Azotobacter and Beijerinckia
(c) Anabaena and Nostoc
(d) Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Azotobacter and Beijerinckia

Explanation:
1. Azotobacter and Beijerinckia are aerobic free-living fixers; Rhodospirillum and Bacillus are anaerobic, and Anabaena and Nostoc are cyanobacteria.

Teacher's Note:
1. Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are nitrifiers, not nitrogen fixers.

Question 19: Deficiency of which element can cause both chlorosis and necrosis?
(a) Iron
(b) Molybdenum
(c) Potassium
(d) Zinc
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Potassium

Explanation:
1. Chlorosis is caused by lack of N, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, S, Zn and Mo, and necrosis by lack of Ca, Mg, Cu and K, so only potassium is in both lists among these options.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember that Mg and K appear in both lists.

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