NEET Biology Microbes In Human Welfare MCQs Set 12

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Microbes In Human Welfare

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Match the following list of microbes with their importance. Microbes: (A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (B) Monascus purpureus; (C) Trichoderma polysporum; (D) Propionibacterium shermanii. Importance: (i) production of immunosuppressive agents; (ii) ripening of Swiss cheese; (iii) commercial production of ethanol; (iv) production of blood-cholesterol lowering agents.
(a) A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
(b) A-iv, B-ii, C-i, D-iii
(c) A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
(d) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii

Explanation:
1. Yeast gives ethanol (iii), Monascus gives statins that lower cholesterol (iv), Trichoderma gives cyclosporin A (i) and Propionibacterium ripens Swiss cheese (ii)

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 2: Match Column I with Column II: A. Citric acid; B. Cyclosporine A; C. Statins; D. Butyric acid with (i) Trichoderma; (ii) Clostridium; (iii) Aspergillus; (iv) Monascus.
(a) A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii
(b) A-i, B-iv, C-ii, D-iii
(c) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
(d) A-iii, B-i, C-ii, D-iv
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-ii

Explanation:
1. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger, cyclosporin A by Trichoderma, statins by Monascus and butyric acid by Clostridium

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 3: The product from which of the following bacteria has a role in removing clots from our blood vessels?
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis
(b) Clostridium butylicum
(c) Streptococcus
(d) Acetobacter aceti
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Streptococcus

Explanation:
1. Streptokinase from Streptococcus acts as a clot buster

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 4: A bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients, is produced by:
(a) a bacterium
(b) a virus
(c) a fungus
(d) a mycoplasma
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a fungus

Explanation:
1. Cyclosporin A is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 5: Consider the following four statements and select the option that includes all the correct ones only. (A) Single-cell Spirulina can produce large quantities of food rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. (B) Body weight-wise, the microorganism Methylophilus methylotrophus may be able to produce several times more proteins than the cow per day. (C) Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin A. (D) A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in calcium.
(a) Statements (A), (C) and (D)
(b) Statements (B), (C) and (A)
(c) Statements (A), (B)
(d) Statements (C), (D)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Statements (A), (B)

Explanation:
1. Spirulina and Methylophilus methylotrophus are single cell protein sources, so (A) and (B) are correct
2. The biofortified rice variety is rich in iron, not calcium, and button mushrooms are valued for protein, so (C) and (D) are not correct

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 6: Match Column I (products) with Column II (produced by): A. Statins; B. Streptokinase; C. Cyclosporin; D. Ethanol with (i) Streptococcus; (ii) Trichoderma polysporum; (iii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae; (iv) Monascus purpureus.
(a) A-iv, B-iii, C-ii, D-i
(b) A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii
(c) A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv
(d) A-ii, B-iii, C-iv, D-i
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A-iv, B-i, C-ii, D-iii

Explanation:
1. Statins come from Monascus (iv), streptokinase from Streptococcus (i), cyclosporin from Trichoderma (ii) and ethanol from yeast (iii)

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 7: Which statement is correct about a typical biogas plant?
(a) Cattle dung slurry is fed into the digester through an inlet tank
(b) Biogas is released from the slurry outlet tank
(c) The floating gas holder above the digester contains leftover slurry
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cattle dung slurry is fed into the digester through an inlet tank

Explanation:
1. The dung slurry is fed through the inlet chamber into the digester
2. The gas collects in the gas holder and leaves through its pipe, and the used slurry leaves through the outlet chamber

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 8: Study the flowchart depicting the formation of curd from milk: Milk is incubated with curd, growth of LAB, production of A, improved nutritional quality due to increased B, coagulation and digestion of milk protein. Identify the missing parts A and B.
(a) A-gluconic acid, B-vitamin B₁
(b) A-lactic acid, B-vitamin B₂
(c) A-lactic acid, B-vitamin B₁₂
(d) A-citric acid, B-vitamin C
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A-lactic acid, B-vitamin B₁₂

Explanation:
1. Lactic acid bacteria produce lactic acid, which coagulates and partially digests milk proteins
2. LAB also increase vitamin B12 in curd

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 9: Select the correct option to fill up the blanks. (i) ____ are used in detergent formulations and are helpful in removing oily stains from the laundry. (ii) ____ are ripened by growing Penicillium roqueforti on them. (iii) ____ are produced without distillation whereas ____ are produced by distillation of the fermented broth. (iv) ____ antibiotic was used to treat American soldiers wounded in World War II. (v) ____ is also called kusht rog.
(a) (i) Lipase (ii) Camembert cheese (iii) whisky and rum, wine and beer (iv) Penicillin (v) Leprosy
(b) (i) Lipase (ii) Roquefort cheese (iii) wine and beer, whisky and rum (iv) Penicillin (v) Leprosy
(c) (i) Streptokinase (ii) Roquefort cheese (iii) wine and beer, whisky and rum (iv) Streptomycin (v) Whooping cough
(d) (i) Amylase (ii) Swiss cheese (iii) whisky and rum, wine and beer (iv) Penicillin (v) Diphtheria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) (i) Lipase (ii) Roquefort cheese (iii) wine and beer, whisky and rum (iv) Penicillin (v) Leprosy

Explanation:
1. Lipases remove oily stains
2. Roquefort cheese is ripened by Penicillium roqueforti
3. Wine and beer are not distilled but whisky, brandy and rum are
4. Penicillin treated the wounded soldiers of World War II
5. Leprosy is called kusht rog

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 10: Which one of the following is not used in the production of yoghurt?
(a) Streptococcus lactis
(b) Streptococcus thermophilus
(c) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
(d) Acetobacter aceti
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Acetobacter aceti

Explanation:
1. Yoghurt is made by lactic acid bacteria
2. Acetobacter aceti produces acetic acid (vinegar)

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

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