NEET Biology Microbes in Human Welfare MCQs Set 11

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Microbes In Human Welfare

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Microbes In Human Welfare designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which one of the following is being tried in India as a biofuel substitute for fossil fuels?
(a) Jatropha
(b) Musa
(c) Aegilops
(d) Azadirachta
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Jatropha

Explanation:
1. Jatropha seeds give oil usable as biofuel.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).

Teacher's Note:
1. Jatropha is a petrocrop.
2. Neem is Azadirachta.

Question 2: Which one is a wrong matching of a microbe and its industrial product?
(a) Aspergillus niger - citric acid
(b) Yeast - statins
(c) Acetobacter aceti - acetic acid
(d) Clostridium butylicum - lactic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Clostridium butylicum - lactic acid

Explanation:
1. Clostridium butylicum gives butyric acid, not lactic acid.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid: Lactobacillus.
2. Monascus is a yeast giving statins.

Question 3: A drug used for ____(A)____ patients is obtained from a species of the organism ____(B)____. Choose the correct pair.
(a) AIDS, Pseudomonas
(b) Heart, Penicillium
(c) Organ-transplant, Trichoderma
(d) Swine flu, Monascus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Organ-transplant, Trichoderma

Explanation:
1. Cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressant for transplant patients, comes from Trichoderma polysporum.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Statins come from Monascus.
2. Penicillin comes from Penicillium.

Question 4: Yeast is used in the production of
(a) bread and beer
(b) cheese and butter
(c) citric acid and lactic acid
(d) lipase and pectinase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) bread and beer

Explanation:
1. Yeast ferments dough and malt to give bread and beer.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).

Teacher's Note:
1. Cheese uses bacteria and moulds.
2. Citric acid is from Aspergillus.

Question 5: A patient brought to a hospital with myocardial infarction is normally given immediately
(a) cyclosporin-A
(b) statins
(c) penicillin
(d) streptokinase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) streptokinase

Explanation:
1. Streptokinase is a clot buster that clears blocked blood vessels.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Clot buster: streptokinase.
2. Statins lower cholesterol over time.

Question 6: The most abundant prokaryotes helpful to humans in making curd from milk and in production of antibiotics are categorised as
(a) chemosynthetic autotrophs
(b) heterotrophic bacteria
(c) cyanobacteria
(d) archaebacteria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) heterotrophic bacteria

Explanation:
1. Lactic acid bacteria and antibiotic producers are heterotrophic bacteria.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. They depend on organic food.
2. Cyanobacteria are autotrophs.

Question 7: Monascus purpureus is a yeast used commercially in the production of
(a) citric acid
(b) blood cholesterol lowering statins
(c) ethanol
(d) streptokinase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) blood cholesterol lowering statins

Explanation:
1. Monascus purpureus makes statins.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. Streptokinase is from Streptococcus.
2. Statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis.

Question 8: In gobar gas, the maximum amount is that of
(a) propane
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) butane
(d) methane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) methane

Explanation:
1. Methane forms 50 to 70 percent of gobar gas.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Methane is the fuel.
2. CO2 is second.

Question 9: Consider the statements: (a) Single cell Spirulina can produce large quantities of food rich in protein, minerals and vitamins. (b) Body weight-wise the microorganism Methylophilus methylotrophus may produce several times more protein than cows per day. (c) Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin C. (d) A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in calcium. Select the option which includes all the correct ones only.
(a) Statements (b), (c) and (d)
(b) Statements (a) and (b)
(c) Statements (c) and (d)
(d) Statements (a), (c) and (d)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Statements (a) and (b)

Explanation:
1. (a) and (b) are correct. Button mushrooms are valued as a protein-rich food, not mainly as a vitamin C source, and the biofortified rice developed is rich in iron, not calcium.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. SCP means single cell protein.
2. Biofortified rice is iron-rich.

Question 10: A good producer of citric acid is
(a) Saccharomyces
(b) Aspergillus
(c) Pseudomonas
(d) Clostridium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Aspergillus

Explanation:
1. Aspergillus niger is the industrial source of citric acid.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. A fungus gives citric acid.
2. Clostridium gives butyric acid.

Question 11: During sewage treatment, biogases are produced which include
(a) hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, methane
(b) methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide
(c) methane, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide
(d) hydrogen sulphide, methane, sulphur dioxide
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide

Explanation:
1. Anaerobic sludge digestion gives methane, H2S and CO2; no oxygen or SO2 is formed.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. Anaerobic conditions give no oxygen.
2. Methane is the main gas.

Question 12: Which statement is correct regarding microbes in human welfare?
(a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae is useful in industries for production of citric acid
(b) Trichoderma polysporum is used as blood cholesterol lowering agent
(c) Aspergillus niger is used to obtain acetic acid
(d) In sewage treatment CO2, H2 and CH4 gases are produced from activated sludge by bacteria such as Methanobacterium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) In sewage treatment CO2, H2 and CH4 gases are produced from activated sludge by bacteria such as Methanobacterium

Explanation:
1. Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge forms CH4 along with CO2 and H2. The other statements swap microbes and products.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Check each microbe-product pair.
2. Statins come from Monascus.

Question 13: Choose the correct statement.
(a) Aspergillus niger is a bacterium used for obtaining acetic acid and citric acid
(b) Streptokinase is used as a clot buster
(c) Monascus purpureus is responsible for production of large holes in Swiss cheese
(d) Toddy is manufactured by Lactobacillus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Streptokinase is used as a clot buster

Explanation:
1. Streptokinase dissolves blood clots. Aspergillus is a fungus, Swiss cheese holes are due to Propionibacterium, and toddy is made by yeast fermentation.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. Know kingdom of each microbe.
2. Clot buster: streptokinase.

Question 14: Match the microbes with their importance: (a) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (b) Monascus purpureus (c) Trichoderma polysporum (d) Propionibacterium sharmanii with (i) immunosuppressive agents (ii) ripening of Swiss cheese (iii) commercial production of ethanol (iv) blood cholesterol lowering agents.
(a) (a)-(iii), (b)-(i), (c)-(iv), (d)-(ii)
(b) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
(c) (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(ii), (d)-(i)
(d) (a)-(iv), (b)-(ii), (c)-(i), (d)-(iii)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)

Explanation:
1. Yeast gives ethanol, Monascus gives statins, Trichoderma gives cyclosporin (immunosuppressant) and Propionibacterium ripens Swiss cheese.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. Make the pairs one by one.
2. Eliminate options with a known wrong pair.

Question 15: Match Column I with Column II: A Statins, B Cyclosporins, C Acetic acid, D Butyric acid with i Monascus purpureus, ii Trichoderma, iii Acetobacter aceti, iv Clostridium butyricum.
(a) A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv
(b) A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
(c) A-ii, B-i, C-iii, D-iv
(d) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv

Explanation:
1. Statins from Monascus, cyclosporin from Trichoderma, acetic acid from Acetobacter aceti and butyric acid from Clostridium butyricum.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).

Teacher's Note:
1. Product-organism pairs are frequent in exams.
2. Learn them as a table.

Question 16: Which of the following is wrongly matched? (1) Trichoderma polysporum - Cyclosporin A - immunosuppressive drug (2) Monascus purpureus - Statins - lowering blood cholesterol (3) Streptococcus - Streptokinase - removal of clot from blood vessel (4) Clostridium butylicum - Lipase - removal of oil stains
(a) Option (1)
(b) Option (2)
(c) Option (3)
(d) Option (4)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Option (4)

Explanation:
1. Clostridium butylicum produces butyric acid; lipase for removing oil stains comes from other microbes such as yeast and bacteria used in detergents, so row (4) is wrong.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Check the product in each row.
2. Rows 1 to 3 are correct.

Question 17: The primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals include
(a) halophiles
(b) thermoacidophiles
(c) methanogens
(d) eubacteria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) methanogens

Explanation:
1. Methanogens (archaebacteria) live in the rumen and make methane.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Archaebacteria include halophiles, thermoacidophiles and methanogens.
2. Methanogens give biogas.

Question 18: Match Column I with Column II: (a) Citric acid (b) Cyclosporin A (c) Statins (d) Butyric acid with (i) Trichoderma (ii) Clostridium (iii) Aspergillus (iv) Monascus.
(a) a-i, b-iv, c-ii, d-iii
(b) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
(c) a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv
(d) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii

Explanation:
1. Citric acid - Aspergillus, cyclosporin A - Trichoderma, statins - Monascus, butyric acid - Clostridium.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Four fixed pairs.
2. Rule out by the first pair.

Question 19: The source of cyclosporin-A is
(a) Acetobacter aceti
(b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(c) Aspergillus niger
(d) Trichoderma polysporum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Trichoderma polysporum

Explanation:
1. Cyclosporin A is made by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.
2. So the correct choice is option (d).

Teacher's Note:
1. Immunosuppressant for transplants.
2. Not a bacterial product.

Question 20: Statins commercially used as blood cholesterol lowering agents are produced by
(a) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(b) Trichoderma polysporum
(c) Monascus purpureus
(d) Trichoderma viridae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Monascus purpureus

Explanation:
1. Monascus purpureus yeast produces statins.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Statins block the cholesterol-making enzyme.
2. They act competitively.

Question 21: Which of the following is a free living biocontrol microbial agent for plant pathogens?
(a) Mucor
(b) Glomus
(c) Trichoderma
(d) Rhizobium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Trichoderma

Explanation:
1. Trichoderma is a free-living fungus that fights plant pathogens.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Glomus is symbiotic.
2. Rhizobium is a biofertiliser.

Question 22: A biological control agent is obtained from
(a) Bacillus thuringiensis
(b) E. coli
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(d) Meloidogyne incognitia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Bacillus thuringiensis

Explanation:
1. Bacillus thuringiensis supplies Bt toxin used for pest control. Meloidogyne is a pest nematode.
2. So the correct choice is option (a).

Teacher's Note:
1. Bt is the classic bioinsecticide.
2. Agrobacterium causes crown gall.

Question 23: Which of the following is correctly matched for the product produced by them?
(a) Methanobacterium - lactic acid
(b) Penicillium notatum - acetic acid
(c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae - ethanol
(d) Acetobacter aceti - antibiotics
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae - ethanol

Explanation:
1. Yeast ferments sugar to ethanol. Methanobacterium gives methane, Penicillium gives penicillin and Acetobacter gives acetic acid.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Ethanol: yeast.
2. Check each organism.

Question 24: Conversion of milk to curd improves its nutritional value by increasing the amount of
(a) vitamin D
(b) vitamin A
(c) vitamin B12
(d) vitamin E
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) vitamin B12

Explanation:
1. Lactic acid bacteria raise vitamin B12 in curd.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Curd has more B12 than milk.
2. The question is a common NEET one.

Question 25: Penicillin is obtained from
(a) yeast
(b) bacteria
(c) fungi
(d) algae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) fungi

Explanation:
1. Penicillin is made by the mould Penicillium notatum, a fungus.
2. So the correct choice is option (c).

Teacher's Note:
1. Fleming discovered it.
2. Chain and Florey developed it.

Question 26: Match Column I with Column II: a Streptokinase, b Cyclosporin-A, c Statins, d Penicillin with i Monascus purpureus, ii Streptococcus, iii Trichoderma polysporum, iv Penicillium notatum.
(a) a-i, b-ii, c-iii, d-iv
(b) a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv
(c) a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
(d) a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv

Explanation:
1. Streptokinase - Streptococcus, cyclosporin A - Trichoderma, statins - Monascus, penicillin - Penicillium notatum.
2. So the correct choice is option (b).

Teacher's Note:
1. One organism for each product.
2. Statins: yeast.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Microbes In Human Welfare

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