NEET Biology Microbes in Human Welfare MCQs Set 05

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Microbes In Human Welfare

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Nutritionally curd is more suitable then milk. Which of the following reason not supporting to this view
(a) It increasing vitamin B12
(b) It checks disease causing microbes
(c) LAB convert lactose into lactic curd
(d) It provide additional proteins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) It provide additional proteins

Explanation:
1. Curd increases vitamin B12 and checks disease causing microbes, but extra protein is not claimed as a reason for its nutritional superiority.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 2: Large holes in "Swiss cheese" are due to production of large amount of CO2 by ............... bacterium
(a) Leuconostoc mesenteroides
(b) Propionibacterium sharmanii
(c) Thermococcus proteus
(d) Staphylococcus thermophilus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Propionibacterium sharmanii

Explanation:
1. Propionibacterium sharmanii (shermanii) produces large amounts of CO2, which forms the large holes in Swiss cheese.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 3: Which of the following is not a product of distillation
(a) Whisky
(b) Brandy
(c) Wine
(d) Rum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Wine

Explanation:
1. Wine is produced by fermentation without distillation; whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 4: Which of the following bacteria was associated with discovery of penicillin
(a) Streptococus
(b) Staphylococcus
(c) Saccharomyces cerveisiae
(d) Propionobacterium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Staphylococcus

Explanation:
1. Alexander Fleming noticed a Staphylococcus culture killed by the mould Penicillium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 5: Full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by
(a) Alexander Flemming
(b) Ernest chain
(c) Howard florey
(d) Both 2 and 3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both 2 and 3

Explanation:
1. Ernest Chain and Howard Florey established the full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 6: Which of the following is "Clot buster"
(a) Citric acid
(b) Streptokinase
(c) Cyclosporin
(d) Statins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Streptokinase

Explanation:
1. Streptokinase is the 'clot buster' used to remove clots from blood vessels.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 7: Which of the following chemicals, used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplantation
(a) Streptokinase
(b) Cyclosporin - A
(c) Statins
(d) Citric acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Cyclosporin - A

Explanation:
1. Cyclosporin A is an immunosuppressive agent used in organ transplantation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 8: Match the product with its use:
A. Pectinases B. Streptokinase C. Cyclosporin A D. Statin
(i) Blood cholesterol lowering agent (ii) Immunosuppressive agent (iii) Clot buster (iv) Clarifying agent
(a) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)
(b) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
(c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
(d) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)

Explanation:
1. Pectinases clarify juices, streptokinase dissolves clots, cyclosporin A suppresses immunity and statins lower blood cholesterol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 9: Match the product with its source:
A. Citric acid B. Streptokinase C. Cyclosporin A D. Statins
(i) Haemolytic Streptococcus (ii) Aspergillus niger (iii) Monascus purpureus (iv) Trichoderma polysporum
(a) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
(b) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(iv)
(c) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)
(d) A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

Explanation:
1. Citric acid comes from Aspergillus niger, streptokinase from Streptococcus, cyclosporin A from Trichoderma polysporum and statins from Monascus purpureus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 10: Functioning of statin is based on
(a) Competitive inhibition
(b) Endproduct inhibition
(c) Allosteric inhibition
(d) Negative feed back inhibition
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Competitive inhibition

Explanation:
1. Statins act as competitive inhibitors of the enzyme that makes cholesterol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 11: The technology of biogas production was developed in India mainly due to efforts of
(a) IARI
(b) KVIC
(c) IPM
(d) Both 1 and 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
1. The biogas technology in India was developed mainly through the efforts of IARI and KVIC.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 12: Bacillus thuringiensis show their inhibitory effect on which part of the insect body
(a) Gut
(b) Respiratory tract
(c) Nervous system
(d) Circulatory system
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Gut

Explanation:
1. Bt toxin acts on the gut of the insect, as it becomes active in the alkaline gut and creates pores.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 13: Which of the following biological agents are used for species specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications
(a) Adenoviruses
(b) Nucleopolyhedrosis viruses
(c) Retroviruses
(d) Trichoderma
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Nucleopolyhedrosis viruses

Explanation:
1. Nucleopolyhedrovirus (a baculovirus) is used for species specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 14: Which of the following is one of the advantage of application of viruses as bioinsecticides
(a) They are less effective
(b) They are host specific
(c) They are costly
(d) They can not obtain easily
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) They are host specific

Explanation:
1. Viral bioinsecticides are host specific and so safe for other organisms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 15: In which of the following conditions use of baculoviruses is desirable
(a) When they are used as part of IPM
(b) When an ecologically sensitive area is being treated
(c) When beneficial insects are being conserved
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Baculoviruses suit IPM programmes, ecologically sensitive areas and conservation of beneficial insects.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 16: Use of biofertilizer is the part of
(a) Inorganic farming
(b) Organic farming
(c) Energy cropping
(d) Energy plantation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Organic farming

Explanation:
1. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

Question 17: Members of which of the following fungal genus mainly participate in the mycorrhiza formation
(a) Azotobacter
(b) Fusarium
(c) Rhizopus
(d) Glomus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Glomus

Explanation:
1. Glomus is the fungal genus that forms mycorrhiza.

Teacher's Note:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming from Penicillium notatum and developed by Chain and Florey; bioactive molecules include cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum, immunosuppressant), streptokinase (Streptococcus, clot buster) and statins (Monascus purpureus, lower cholesterol).
2. Citric acid is made by Aspergillus niger and pectinases clarify fruit juices.

Question 18: Which of the following is not an advantage of mycorrhiza
(a) Phosphorus absorption
(b) Resistance to root borne pathogens
(c) Nitrogen fixation
(d) Tolerance to salinity and draught
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Nitrogen fixation

Explanation:
1. Mycorrhiza do not fix nitrogen; they aid phosphorus absorption, root pathogen resistance and salinity and drought tolerance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biogas (methane) is produced by methanogens such as Methanobacterium in anaerobic sludge; Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and baculoviruses are biocontrol agents; mycorrhiza (Glomus) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena, Nostoc, important in rice fields) are biofertilisers.
2. Biofertilisers are an essential part of organic farming.

Question 19: Cultivation of which of the following crop plant specially get b enif itted by application of cyanobacteria
(a) Maize
(b) legumes
(c) Wheat
(d) Rice
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Rice

Explanation:
1. Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc enrich paddy fields with nitrogen, so rice benefits most.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) turn milk into curd and improve vitamin B12; Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 which makes holes in Swiss cheese.
2. Fermented beverages: wine and beer are not distilled, whereas whisky, brandy and rum are distilled.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Microbes In Human Welfare

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