NEET Biology Environmental Issues MCQs Set 19

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) in a river water:
(a) Has no relationship with concentration of oxygen in the water.
(b) Gives a measure of Salmonella in the water.
(c) Increases when sewage gets mixed with river water.
(d) Remains unchanged when algal bloom occurs.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Increases when sewage gets mixed with river water.

Explanation:
1. BOD in river water increases when sewage gets mixed with river water.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Increases when sewage gets mixed with river water.

Teacher's Note:
1. BOD rises when sewage enters a river because microbes need more oxygen to decompose it.
2. A high BOD means more organic pollution.

Question 2: Chipko movement was launched for the protection of :
(a) Forests
(b) Livestock
(c) Wet lands
(d) Grasslands
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Forests

Explanation:
1. Chipko Movement is related with protection of forest.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: Forests

Teacher's Note:
1. The Chipko movement protected forests by hugging trees.
2. It began in the Himalayan region of India.

Question 3: Which one of the following is the correct percentage of the two (out of the total of 4) green house gases that contribute to the total global warming?
(a) Methane 20%, N₂O 18%
(b) CFCs14%, Methane 20%
(c) CO₂ 40%, CFSs 30%
(d) N₂O 6%, CO₂ 86%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) CFCs14%, Methane 20%

Explanation:
1. Hence option (b) is correct: CFCs14%, Methane 20%

Teacher's Note:
1. The greenhouse contributions are CO2 60 percent, methane 20 percent, CFCs 14 percent and N2O 6 percent.
2. Only the pair CFCs 14 and methane 20 is right.

Question 4: World summit on Sustainable Development (2002) was held in
(a) South Africa
(b) Brazil
(c) Sweden
(d) Argentina
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) South Africa

Explanation:
1. Hence option (a) is correct: South Africa

Teacher's Note:
1. The World Summit on Sustainable Development 2002 was held at Johannesburg, South Africa.
2. Rio hosted the 1992 Earth Summit.

Question 5: According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), which particulate size in diameter (in micrometers) of the air pollutants is responsible for greatest harm to human health?
(a) 5.2 - 2.5
(b) 2.5 or less
(c) 1.5 or less
(d) 1.0 or less
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 2.5 or less

Explanation:
1. 2.5 m or less forms suspended particles in air.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: 2.5 or less

Teacher's Note:
1. Particulate matter of 2.5 micrometres or less goes deep into the lungs.
2. It does the greatest harm to health.

Question 6: Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution?
(a) Sewage fungus
(b) Sludge-worms
(c) Blood-worms
(d) Stone flies
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Stone flies

Explanation:
1. Sewage fungus, sludge worms and blood worms (Chironomus) thrive in polluted water and are its indicators.
2. Stone fly nymphs need clean water.
3. Hence option (d) is correct: Stone flies

Teacher's Note:
1. Sewage fungus, sludge worms and blood worms live in polluted water.
2. Stone flies need clean water, so they are not indicators of pollution.

Question 7: Montreal protocol which calls for appropriate action to protect the ozone layer from human activities was passed in the year
(a) 1986
(b) 1987
(c) 1988
(d) 1985
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1987

Explanation:
1. Hence option (b) is correct: 1987

Teacher's Note:
1. The Montreal Protocol was passed in 1987.
2. The Vienna Convention came earlier in 1985.

Question 8: Photochemical smog pollution does not contain
(a) Ozone
(b) Nitrogen dioxide
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) PAN
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Carbon dioxide

Explanation:
1. Photochemical smog contains O₃, PAN & N₂O.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Carbon dioxide

Teacher's Note:
1. Photochemical smog contains ozone, PAN and nitrogen oxides.
2. CO2 is not a part of smog.

Question 9: Limit of BOD prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste water into natural surface water, is
(a) < 3.0 ppm
(b) < 10 ppm
(c) < 100 ppm
(d) < 30 ppm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) < 30 ppm

Explanation:
1. Hence option (d) is correct: < 30 ppm

Teacher's Note:
1. The CPCB limit of BOD for discharge into surface water is less than 30 ppm.
2. Treated water must meet this level.

Question 10: Which one of the following pairs is mismatched ?
(a) Biomass burning — release of CO₂
(b) Fossil fuel burning — release of CO₂
(c) Nuclear power — radioactive wastes
(d) Solar energy — green house effect
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Solar energy — green house effect

Explanation:
1. Solar energy – green house effect
2. Hence option (d) is correct: Solar energy — green house effect

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomass and fossil fuel burning release CO2, and nuclear power gives radioactive waste.
2. Solar energy does not cause the greenhouse effect.

Question 11: Identify the correctly matched pair
(a) Montreal protocol - Global warming
(b) Kyoto protocol - Climatic change
(c) Ramsar convention - Ground water pollution
(d) Basal convention - Biodiversity conservation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Kyoto protocol - Climatic change

Explanation:
1. Hence option (b) is correct: Kyoto protocol - Climatic change

Teacher's Note:
1. The Kyoto Protocol deals with climate change.
2. The Montreal Protocol deals with ozone depletion and the Basel Convention with hazardous waste.

Question 12: Which of the following is not used for disinfection of drinking water ?
(a) Phenyl
(b) Chloramine
(c) Chlorine
(d) Ozone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Phenyl

Explanation:
1. Hence option (a) is correct: Phenyl

Teacher's Note:
1. Chlorine, chloramine and ozone are used to disinfect drinking water.
2. Phenyl is a floor cleaner.

Question 13: Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem of
(a) Acidity
(b) Aridity
(c) Metal toxicity
(d) Salinity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Salinity

Explanation:
1. Hence option (d) is correct: Salinity

Teacher's Note:
1. Heavy irrigation brings salts to the surface as water evaporates.
2. This causes salinity in the soil.

Question 14: The toxic effect of carbon monoxide is due to its greater affinity for haemoglobin as compared to oxygen approximately by
(a) 200 times
(b) 1000 times
(c) 2 times
(d) 20 times
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 200 times

Explanation:
1. 200 times carbon monoxide has more affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: 200 times

Teacher's Note:
1. Carbon monoxide has about 200 times more affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen.
2. So it forms carboxyhaemoglobin and reduces oxygen transport.

Question 15: Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
(a) PAN
(b) Aerosol
(c) CO
(d) CO₂
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) PAN

Explanation:
1. Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate (PAN) is a secondary pollutant.
2. Hence option (a) is correct: PAN

Teacher's Note:
1. A secondary pollutant is formed in the atmosphere from primary pollutants.
2. PAN is formed in sunlight from NOx and hydrocarbons.

Question 16: Which one of the following is not correct as regards the harmful effects of particulate matter of the size 2.5 micro meters or less?
(a) It can be inhaled into the lungs
(b) It can cause respiratory problems
(c) It can directly enter into our circulatory system
(d) It can cause inflammation and damage to the lungs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) It can directly enter into our circulatory system

Explanation:
1. 2.5 m/less particles are not directly enter into our circulatory system.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: It can directly enter into our circulatory system

Teacher's Note:
1. PM 2.5 can be inhaled deep into the lungs and cause breathing problems and lung damage.
2. It is not said to enter the circulatory system directly in the NCERT.

Question 17: Which among the following is likely to have the highest levels of D.D.T. depositions in its body?
(a) Sea gull
(b) Phytoplankton
(c) Eel
(d) Crab
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Sea gull

Explanation:
1. Hence option (a) is correct: Sea gull

Teacher's Note:
1. DDT is biomagnified up the food chain, so a top consumer such as a sea gull has the highest level.
2. Phytoplankton has the lowest.

Question 18: A disease caused by eating fish contaminated by industrial waste containing mercury compounds, is called
(a) Osteosclerosis
(b) Hashimoto’s disease
(c) Bright’s disease
(d) Minimata disease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Minimata disease

Explanation:
1. Hence option (d) is correct: Minimata disease

Teacher's Note:
1. Eating fish with mercury compounds causes Minamata disease.
2. The disease first appeared in Minamata Bay, Japan.

Question 19: When huge amount of sewage is dumped into a river, its B.O.D. will
(a) Slightly decrease
(b) Remain unchanged
(c) Increase
(d) Decrease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Increase

Explanation:
1. BOD will increase due to consumption of oxygen by aerobic bacteria.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: Increase

Teacher's Note:
1. More sewage means more organic matter, so more oxygen is needed to oxidise it.
2. BOD therefore increases.

Question 20: The Taj Mahal is threatened due to the effect of
(a) Oxygen
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Chlorine
(d) Sulphur-dioxide
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Sulphur-dioxide

Explanation:
1. The Taj Mahal is threatened due to the effect of sulphur dioxide.
2. Hence option (d) is correct: Sulphur-dioxide

Teacher's Note:
1. Sulphur dioxide from industries and refineries forms sulphuric acid and attacks the marble of the Taj Mahal.
2. This is called marble cancer.

Question 21: Which of the following isotopes is most dangerous to Homo sapiens?
(a) Phosphorus-32
(b) Strontium-90
(c) Caesium-137
(d) Iodine-131
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Strontium-90

Explanation:
1. Strontium-90, because it replaces Ca in bones and causes bone cancer and leukemia.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Strontium-90

Teacher's Note:
1. Strontium-90 replaces calcium in bones and causes bone cancer and leukaemia.
2. It stays in the body for years.

Question 22: The most common indicator organism that represents polluted water is
(a) C. vibrio
(b) Entamoeba histolytica
(c) E. coli
(d) P. typhi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) E. coli

Explanation:
1. Polluted water indicator is E. coli which is most common organism in polluted water.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: E. coli

Teacher's Note:
1. E. coli lives in the human intestine, so its presence shows faecal pollution of water.
2. It is the most common indicator organism.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Environmental Issues

NEET Biology Environmental Issues Objective Test Questions

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