NEET Biology Environmental Issues MCQs Set 15

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Environmental Issues

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Environmental Issues designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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Navigate directly to the 50 objective questions for Environmental Issues using the digital viewer below. Each practice set includes verified answer keys, allowing students to instantly cross-check their work and identify areas requiring further revision.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Pollutants that are already present in nature but are released in substantial amounts by man are called:
(a) Qualitative pollutants
(b) Degradable pollutants
(c) Primary pollutants
(d) Quantitative pollutants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Quantitative pollutants

Explanation:
1. Quantitative pollutants occur naturally, such as CO2, but become pollutants when their amount rises through human activity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Qualitative pollutants, like DDT, do not occur in nature.

Question 2: Which of the following are secondary pollutants? (a) Brown air (b) Grey air (c) Acid rain (d) DDT
(a) a, b and c are correct
(b) a and b are correct
(c) b and d are correct
(d) a and c are correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a, b and c are correct

Explanation:
1. Secondary pollutants are formed in the atmosphere from primary pollutants.
2. Photochemical (brown) smog, industrial (grey) smog and acid rain are secondary pollutants.

Teacher's Note:
1. DDT is a primary pollutant.

Question 3: The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act was passed by the Government of India in:
(a) 1974
(b) 1984
(c) 1972
(d) 1992
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 1974

Explanation:
1. The Water Act was passed in 1974 and the Air Act in 1981.
2. The Environment (Protection) Act followed in 1986.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Central Pollution Control Board enforces them.

Question 4: Which of the following is most widely used for removing particulate matter from the exhaust of a thermal power plant?
(a) Cyclonic arrester
(b) Scrubber
(c) Electrostatic precipitator
(d) Catalytic converter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Electrostatic precipitator

Explanation:
1. An electrostatic precipitator removes about 99% of the particulate matter from power-plant exhaust.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its electrode wires charge the particles, and they are collected on plates.

Question 5: Which of the following can NOT be a control measure to reduce particulate matter in the environment?
(a) Cyclonic separators
(b) Electrostatic precipitator
(c) Scrubbers
(d) Effluent treatment
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Effluent treatment

Explanation:
1. Cyclonic separators, electrostatic precipitators and scrubbers remove particulates from gaseous emissions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Effluent treatment deals with liquid waste water, not with particulates in air.

Question 6: How many statements are incorrect? (a) Automobiles are a major cause of atmospheric pollution at least in metro cities. (b) Water containing 0.1% impurities of sewage is harmful for drinking. (c) As organic matter increases, BOD decreases. (d) High concentration of DDT affects calcium metabolism in birds.
(a) One
(b) Three
(c) Two
(d) Four
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) One

Explanation:
1. Only (c) is incorrect, because BOD increases as the organic matter in water increases.
2. The other statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. DDT causes thin egg shells and the decline of birds.

Question 7: Which statements are correct? (a) Catalytic converters have expensive metals like platinum, palladium and silver as catalysts. (b) The Air Act was amended in 1987 to include noise as an air pollutant. (c) A scrubber can remove gases like sulphur dioxide. (d) ESP can remove 99% of the particulate matter from the exhaust of a thermal power station.
(a) a, b and c are correct
(b) b and c are correct
(c) b, c and d are correct
(d) d and a are correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) b, c and d are correct

Explanation:
1. Catalytic converters use platinum, palladium and rhodium, so (a) is wrong because silver is not used.

Teacher's Note:
1. The other three statements are correct.

Question 8: Which pollutant mainly affects the respiratory system of humans and animals?
(a) Suspended particulate matter in air
(b) Nitrate pollution in water
(c) DDT pollution in soil
(d) Mercury in water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Suspended particulate matter in air

Explanation:
1. Fine particles below 2.5 micrometres in size reach the lungs deeply.
2. They cause breathing problems, inflammation and lung damage.

Teacher's Note:
1. The other pollutants affect other organs.

Question 9: The terms wet deposition and dry deposition are generally used for:
(a) Deposition of soil
(b) Deposition of organic matter in a lake
(c) CO2 accumulation (greenhouse effect)
(d) Acid rain
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Acid rain

Explanation:
1. Acid rain has two parts: wet deposition (acidic rain, snow or fog) and dry deposition (acidic gases and particles settling).

Teacher's Note:
1. SO2 and NOx are the main causes.

Question 10: What are the effects of global warming? (i) Increased capacity of air to hold moisture (ii) Altered wind movement patterns (iii) Increased frequency of extreme events (iv) Altered range of disease vectors and pathogens
(a) (i) only
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Explanation:
1. Warming increases evaporation and the moisture-holding capacity of air.
2. It alters winds and weather, makes floods and droughts more frequent, and changes the range of vectors and pathogens.

Teacher's Note:
1. All four are effects.

Question 11: BOD in river water:
(a) Remains unchanged when algal bloom occurs
(b) Increases when sewage mixes with river water
(c) Gives the number of Salmonella in water
(d) Has no relationship with organic matter in river water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Increases when sewage mixes with river water

Explanation:
1. BOD is the oxygen needed by microbes to decompose organic matter.
2. Sewage adds organic matter, so BOD rises and dissolved oxygen falls.

Teacher's Note:
1. A high BOD means polluted water.

Question 12: The Kyoto Protocol (1997) was endorsed for:
(a) Climate change
(b) Sewage treatment
(c) Euro norms
(d) Forest conservation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Climate change

Explanation:
1. The Kyoto Protocol set targets for countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
2. It was adopted in 1997 under the UN climate convention.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Montreal Protocol deals with ozone depletion.

Question 13: The World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002) was held in:
(a) Australia
(b) South Africa
(c) Japan
(d) India
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) South Africa

Explanation:
1. The 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development took place in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Teacher's Note:
1. The 1992 Earth Summit was in Rio de Janeiro.

Question 14: The biological process is carried out in which type of water treatment?
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Secondary

Explanation:
1. Secondary (biological) treatment uses aerobic microbes in aeration tanks to reduce BOD.
2. Primary treatment is physical (filtration and sedimentation).

Teacher's Note:
1. Tertiary treatment is chemical or physical, like UV or ozone.

Question 15: Black foot disease occurs due to:
(a) Cadmium
(b) Mercury
(c) Arsenic
(d) Copper
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Arsenic

Explanation:
1. Arsenic in drinking water causes black foot disease, in which the feet turn black and gangrene sets in.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mercury causes Minamata disease and cadmium causes itai-itai disease.

Question 16: Match Column I with Column II: (A) UV (B) biodegradable organic matter (C) DDT (D) phosphates with (i) biomagnification (ii) eutrophication (iii) snow blindness (iv) BOD.
(a) A-ii, B-i, C-iv, D-iii
(b) A-iii, B-ii, C-iv, D-i
(c) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii
(d) A-iii, B-i, C-iv, D-i
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii

Explanation:
1. UV exposure causes snow blindness.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biodegradable organic matter raises BOD, DDT shows biomagnification, and phosphates cause eutrophication.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Environmental Issues

NEET Biology Environmental Issues Objective Test Questions

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