NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption MCQs Set 14

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Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Digestion and Absorption

Navigate directly to the 50 objective questions for Digestion and Absorption using the digital viewer below. Each practice set includes verified answer keys, allowing students to instantly cross-check their work and identify areas requiring further revision.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Trypsin is secreted by the:
(a) Pancreas
(b) Stomach
(c) Liver
(d) Ileum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Pancreas

Explanation:
1. The pancreas secretes inactive trypsinogen, which enterokinase of the intestine activates to trypsin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Enterokinase is secreted by the duodenal mucosa.

Question 2: The reserve food mainly consumed by man during prolonged starvation is:
(a) Fat
(b) Protein
(c) Glucose
(d) Vitamin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Fat

Explanation:
1. After the glycogen store is used up, the body breaks down stored fat for energy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Proteins are used last because they are structural and functional.

Question 3: Ptyalin cannot work in the stomach because it becomes:
(a) Inactive due to HCl
(b) Inactive due to renin
(c) Inactive due to pepsin
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Inactive due to HCl

Explanation:
1. The strong acidity of gastric juice (pH about 1.8) denatures salivary amylase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Enzymes are pH-specific.

Question 4: The important function of bile is:
(a) Emulsification of fats
(b) Elimination of excretory products
(c) Digestion by enzymes
(d) Coordination of digestive activities
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Emulsification of fats

Explanation:
1. Bile salts break large fat globules into tiny droplets, increasing the surface for lipase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bile pigments (bilirubin and biliverdin) are the excretory part of bile.

Question 5: Some proteolytic enzymes are:
(a) Trypsin, erepsin, pepsin
(b) Amylase, lipase, zymase
(c) Amylopsin, steapsin, ptyalin
(d) Urease, dehydrogenase, zymase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Trypsin, erepsin, pepsin

Explanation:
1. Trypsin, erepsin (peptidases) and pepsin all hydrolyse peptide bonds of proteins.

Teacher's Note:
1. Group enzymes by function so that odd ones out can be spotted.

Question 6: Succus entericus is secreted by:
(a) Gastric glands
(b) Islets of Langerhans
(c) Crypts of Lieberkuhn and Brunner's glands
(d) Goblet cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Crypts of Lieberkuhn and Brunner's glands

Explanation:
1. Intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn) and Brunner's glands contribute to the intestinal juice.

Teacher's Note:
1. Succus entericus has enterokinase, peptidases, sucrase, maltase and lipase.

Question 7: Glycogen is mainly stored in:
(a) Blood
(b) Liver
(c) Lungs
(d) Kidney
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Liver

Explanation:
1. The liver (and skeletal muscles) stores glucose as glycogen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Liver glycogen maintains blood glucose, but muscle glycogen serves the muscle only.

Question 8: Chymotrypsin is a:
(a) Proteolytic enzyme
(b) Fat digestive enzyme
(c) Vitamin
(d) Hormone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Proteolytic enzyme

Explanation:
1. Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic endopeptidase that hydrolyses peptide bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is secreted as inactive chymotrypsinogen, activated by trypsin.

Question 9: Absorption of digested food mainly occurs in the:
(a) Stomach
(b) Colon
(c) Small intestine
(d) Large intestine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Small intestine

Explanation:
1. The small intestine has villi and microvilli that give a huge absorptive surface.

Teacher's Note:
1. The colon absorbs mainly water and minerals.

Question 10: The enzyme trypsinogen is secreted from the:
(a) Duodenum
(b) Pancreas
(c) Liver
(d) Stomach
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pancreas

Explanation:
1. Pancreatic acinar cells secrete trypsinogen into the pancreatic juice.

Teacher's Note:
1. Secreting enzymes in inactive form protects the pancreas from self-digestion.

Question 11: Our food mainly contains:
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Cellulose
(c) Sucrose
(d) Glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Carbohydrates

Explanation:
1. Carbohydrates form the major part of the human diet, mostly as starch.

Teacher's Note:
1. Carbohydrates supply most of the energy: 4 kcal per gram.

Question 12: Which one differs from the category of the other three?
(a) Gastrin
(b) Glucagon
(c) Secretin
(d) Ptyalin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ptyalin

Explanation:
1. Gastrin, glucagon and secretin are hormones, while ptyalin is an enzyme.

Teacher's Note:
1. Check whether each item is a hormone or an enzyme.

Question 13: A carbohydrate-splitting enzyme is secreted by:
(a) Liver
(b) Zymogen cells of gastric glands
(c) Spleen
(d) Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Crypts of Lieberkuhn

Explanation:
1. Intestinal juice from the crypts of Lieberkuhn contains sucrase, maltase and lactase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gastric zymogen cells secrete pepsinogen.

Question 14: The stomach is the main site for the digestion of:
(a) Fats
(b) Carbohydrate
(c) Protein
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Protein

Explanation:
1. Pepsin and HCl start protein digestion in the stomach.

Teacher's Note:
1. Complete protein digestion occurs in the small intestine.

Question 15: The hormones involved in the discharge of pancreatic juice in mammals are:
(a) Gastrin
(b) Secretin
(c) Secretin and CCK
(d) Enterogasterone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Secretin and CCK

Explanation:
1. Secretin stimulates bicarbonate-rich juice and cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulates enzyme release.

Teacher's Note:
1. Both are secreted by the duodenal mucosa.

Question 16: The function of HCl in the stomach is to:
(a) Kill microorganisms of food
(b) Facilitate absorption of food
(c) Dissolve hormones secreted by gastric glands
(d) Activate trypsinogen to trypsin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Kill microorganisms of food

Explanation:
1. HCl kills microbes in food and also activates pepsinogen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Enterokinase, not HCl, activates trypsinogen.

Question 17: The enzyme maltase in the human gut acts on food at a pH of:
(a) More than 7 to change starch into maltose
(b) Less than 7 to change starch into maltose
(c) More than 7 to change maltose into glucose
(d) Less than 7 to change maltose into glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) More than 7 to change maltose into glucose

Explanation:
1. Intestinal enzymes work in an alkaline medium, pH above 7, and maltase hydrolyses maltose into two glucose units.

Teacher's Note:
1. The intestine is alkaline because of bile, pancreatic juice and succus entericus.

Question 18: The simple sugar of blood is:
(a) Dextrin
(b) Lactose
(c) Sucrose
(d) Glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Glucose

Explanation:
1. Blood glucose is the monosaccharide circulating in blood.

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood glucose is normally about 80 to 120 mg per 100 ml.

Question 19: During prolonged starvation the body derives nutrition from the storage in:
(a) Liver and adipose tissue
(b) Spleen
(c) Liver and lungs
(d) Subcutaneous fat and pancreas
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Liver and adipose tissue

Explanation:
1. Glycogen in the liver is used first and then fat from adipose tissue.

Teacher's Note:
1. Adipose tissue is the main long-term energy store.

Question 20: Enterokinase stimulates which of the following?
(a) Pepsinogen
(b) Trypsin
(c) Pepsin
(d) Trypsinogen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Trypsinogen

Explanation:
1. Enterokinase from the intestinal mucosa converts trypsinogen to active trypsin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Trypsin then activates the other pancreatic proenzymes.

Question 21: Absence of which of these in bile will make fat digestion difficult?
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Bile salts
(c) Pigment
(d) Acids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Bile salts

Explanation:
1. Bile salts emulsify fats and make micelles for absorption.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bile pigments only give colour to faeces and urine.

Question 22: Pancreatic juice is released into the:
(a) Duodenum
(b) Ileum
(c) Stomach
(d) Jejunum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Duodenum

Explanation:
1. The hepatopancreatic duct opens into the duodenum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pancreatic juice is alkaline and neutralises acidic chyme.

Question 23: The enzyme that catalyses the change of emulsified oils into fatty acids and glycerol is:
(a) Pepsin
(b) Lipase
(c) Amylase
(d) Sucrase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Lipase

Explanation:
1. Lipase hydrolyses triglycerides of emulsified fat to fatty acids, glycerol and monoglycerides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pancreatic lipase is the chief fat-digesting enzyme.

Question 24: Point out the odd one:
(a) Rennin
(b) Secretin
(c) Calcitonin
(d) Oxytocin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Rennin

Explanation:
1. Secretin, calcitonin and oxytocin are hormones, but rennin is an enzyme.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rennin is the infant gastric enzyme that curdles milk.

Question 25: Pancreatic lipase acts upon:
(a) Glycogen
(b) Triglycerides
(c) Disaccharides
(d) Polypeptides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Triglycerides

Explanation:
1. Lipase breaks the ester bonds of triglycerides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fat digestion yields fatty acids and monoglycerides.

Free study material for Biology

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Digestion and Absorption

About Digestion and Absorption MCQs for NEET Biology

Test your conceptual understanding of Digestion and Absorption with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest NEET curriculum for NEET Biology, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.

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