Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Cockroach
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) During the resting stage, when the oxygen requirement is low, the tracheoles are filled with tissue fluid.
(b) During the active stage, the tracheolar fluid is withdrawn from the tracheoles.
(c) There are 10 pairs of spiracles on the body.
(d) Haemolymph helps in transporting nutrients, wastes and respiratory gases within the body.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Haemolymph helps in transporting nutrients, wastes and respiratory gases within the body.
Explanation:
1. In the cockroach, oxygen reaches the tissues directly through the tracheal system.
2. Haemolymph carries nutrients, hormones and wastes but has no major role in carrying respiratory gases, so statement (d) is wrong.
3. Statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct: there are 2 thoracic and 8 abdominal pairs of spiracles.
Teacher's Note:
1. Insects use tracheae for gas exchange, so blood is not a respiratory carrier. This is a repeated NEET point.
(a) looks completely different from the adult
(b) undergoes thirteen moultings to reach the adult form
(c) bears wings but cannot fly
(d) has well-developed gonads and can reproduce
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) undergoes thirteen moultings to reach the adult form
Explanation:
1. The nymph resembles the adult, lacks wings and has undeveloped genitalia.
2. It moults about 13 times, and the last nymphal moult gives the winged adult.
3. So only option (b) is correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cockroach development is paurometabolous. The nymph looks like a small wingless adult.
(a) it has a high power of regeneration
(b) complex neural structures such as brain, ganglia and nerve cords are absent
(c) the head holds only a small part of the nervous system and the rest is along the ventral side
(d) it has fat bodies that can store fat for a long time
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) the head holds only a small part of the nervous system and the rest is along the ventral side
Explanation:
1. The brain in the head is only a small part of the nervous system.
2. A chain of segmental ganglia with a ventral nerve cord runs along the underside and keeps the body functioning.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cockroach has an open circulation and a decentralised nervous system, so decapitation is not immediately fatal.
(a) Salivary glands
(b) Hepatic or gastric caeca
(c) Mesenteron
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation:
1. Salivary glands pour saliva into the mouth.
2. Hepatic caeca and the mid-gut (mesenteron) secrete digestive enzymes.
3. So all three take part.
Teacher's Note:
1. The foregut has no secretory role except the salivary glands. The midgut is the main enzyme-secreting region.
(a) 6 to 8 blind tubules at the junction of foregut and midgut that secrete digestive enzymes
(b) 6 to 8 blind tubules at the junction of midgut and hindgut that secrete digestive enzymes
(c) 6 to 8 blind tubules at the junction of crop and gizzard that remove wastes
(d) 100 to 150 yellow tubules at the junction of foregut and midgut that remove wastes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 6 to 8 blind tubules at the junction of foregut and midgut that secrete digestive enzymes
Explanation:
1. Hepatic caeca are 6-8 blind tubules at the junction of foregut and midgut.
2. They secrete digestive juice.
3. The 100-150 yellow tubules at the midgut-hindgut junction are the Malpighian tubules.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hepatic caeca equal digestion, Malpighian tubules equal excretion.
(a) the mid-ventral line of the thorax
(b) the mid-ventral line of the abdomen
(c) lateral to the alimentary canal
(d) the mid-dorsal line of the thorax and abdomen
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) the mid-dorsal line of the thorax and abdomen
Explanation:
1. The cockroach heart is dorsal and lies in the pericardial sinus.
2. It extends along the thorax and abdomen and is divided into 13 chambers.
Teacher's Note:
1. Heart is dorsal in all arthropods.
(a) forewings with darker tegmina
(b) presence of anal styles
(c) presence of a boat-shaped sternum on the 9th abdominal segment
(d) presence of anal cerci
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) presence of anal styles
Explanation:
1. Only males have a pair of short, unjointed anal styles on the 9th sternum.
2. Anal cerci occur in both sexes and the boat-shaped 7th sternum is female.
Teacher's Note:
1. Anal styles are present only in males.
(a) They convert nitrogenous wastes into urea, which is passed out through the hindgut.
(b) Each tubule is lined by glandular and ciliated cells.
(c) They are 100 to 150 yellow blind tubules at the junction of midgut and hindgut.
(d) They absorb urate salts from the haemolymph.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) They convert nitrogenous wastes into urea, which is passed out through the hindgut.
Explanation:
1. The cockroach is uricotelic.
2. Malpighian tubules take up nitrogenous wastes and convert them to uric acid, not urea, which leaves via the hindgut.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cockroach and insects excrete uric acid.
(a) to reduce the concentration of toxic materials for other body cells
(b) to increase the concentration of coelomic fluid
(c) to decrease the concentration of haemolymph
(d) to increase the efficiency of the Malpighian tubules
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) to reduce the concentration of toxic materials for other body cells
Explanation:
1. Storing uric acid in fat body cells keeps it away from other tissues.
2. This lowers the toxic load on the other cells.
Teacher's Note:
1. Storage excretion means locking wastes in one tissue.
(a) antennae
(b) anal styles
(c) anal cerci
(d) absent, so there is no sound perception
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) anal cerci
Explanation:
1. Anal cerci are jointed, filamentous structures that respond to sound and air vibration.
2. Antennae are mainly for smell and touch.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cerci are sensory in both sexes.
(a) Haemolymph is composed of colourless plasma and blood cells.
(b) All the spiracles always remain open.
(c) Haemolymph enters the heart through ostia and is pumped from posterior to anterior.
(d) Haemolymph has no major role in the transport of respiratory gases.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) All the spiracles always remain open.
Explanation:
1. Spiracles are provided with sphincters, so they open and close to reduce water loss.
2. The other statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Spiracles are valve-like. They are not permanently open.
(a) Malpighian tubules are excretory organs projecting out from the colon.
(b) Oxygen is transported by haemoglobin in the blood.
(c) The nitrogenous excretory product is urea.
(d) Food is masticated by the mandibles and ground by the gizzard.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Food is masticated by the mandibles and ground by the gizzard.
Explanation:
1. The mandibles chew food and the gizzard, with its chitinous plates, grinds it.
2. Malpighian tubules arise from the junction of midgut and hindgut, blood has no haemoglobin and the excretory product is uric acid.
Teacher's Note:
1. Gizzard equals grinding, hepatic caeca equals secretion.
(a) They lie at the junction of midgut and ileum (hindgut).
(b) They remove excretory products from the haemolymph.
(c) They are yellow in colour and number 100 to 150.
(d) They are thin filamentous structures that secrete digestive juice into the alimentary canal.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) They are thin filamentous structures that secrete digestive juice into the alimentary canal.
Explanation:
1. Malpighian tubules are excretory, not digestive.
2. Digestive juice is secreted by hepatic caeca, salivary glands and the midgut.
Teacher's Note:
1. Excretory versus digestive tubules is often asked as an exception question.
(a) Head: triangular, at right angles to the long axis of the body, formed by fusion of six segments
(b) Thorax: three segments, each bearing a pair of walking legs and a pair of wings
(c) Male abdomen: ten segments, genital pouch bounded dorsally by 9th and 10th terga and ventrally by the 9th sternum
(d) Female abdomen: ten segments, 7th sternum boat-shaped and forming a genital pouch with the 8th and 9th sterna
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Thorax: three segments, each bearing a pair of walking legs and a pair of wings
Explanation:
1. Each of the three thoracic segments has a pair of legs, but wings are present only on the 2nd and 3rd segments.
2. The prothorax is wingless, so (b) is the mismatch.
Teacher's Note:
1. Forewings (tegmina) are on the mesothorax and hindwings on the metathorax.
(a) 6 to 8 blind tubules called Malpighian tubules
(b) 6 to 8 blind tubules called hepatic or gastric caeca
(c) 100 to 150 blind tubules called hepatic or gastric caeca
(d) 100 to 150 blind tubules called Malpighian tubules
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) 6 to 8 blind tubules called hepatic or gastric caeca
Explanation:
1. Hepatic caeca number 6 to 8 and secrete digestive juice.
2. Malpighian tubules number 100 to 150 and are excretory.
Teacher's Note:
1. Do not swap the numbers: 6-8 caeca, 100-150 Malpighian tubules.
(a) (i) labrum, (ii) mandibles, (iii) hypopharynx, (iv) labium
(b) (i) labium, (ii) mandibles, (iii) hypopharynx, (iv) labrum
(c) (i) labrum, (ii) maxillae, (iii) labium, (iv) hypopharynx
(d) (i) hypopharynx, (ii) labrum, (iii) mandibles, (iv) labium
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) (i) labrum, (ii) mandibles, (iii) hypopharynx, (iv) labium
Explanation:
1. The labrum is the upper lip and the labium the lower lip.
2. The mandibles are the hard chewing jaws and the hypopharynx acts like a tongue.
Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the mouthparts: labrum, one pair of mandibles, one pair of maxillae, labium and hypopharynx.
(a) ovary, oviduct, vagina, genital chamber
(b) ovary, vagina, oviduct, genital chamber
(c) ovary, spermatheca, oviduct, genital chamber
(d) ovary, collaterial gland, vagina, genital chamber
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) ovary, oviduct, vagina, genital chamber
Explanation:
1. Eggs are formed in the ovarioles of the ovary.
2. They pass through the oviducts, which unite into a common oviduct opening into the vagina and then the genital chamber.
Teacher's Note:
1. The spermatheca and collaterial glands are accessory structures and are not part of the egg pathway itself.
(a) Mosaic vision is more common at night, hence it is called nocturnal vision.
(b) The brain supplies nerves to the antennae and compound eyes.
(c) Fat body, nephrocytes and uricose glands also help in excretion.
(d) The male cockroach bears one pair of collaterial glands that act as accessory reproductive glands.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) The male cockroach bears one pair of collaterial glands that act as accessory reproductive glands.
Explanation:
1. Collaterial glands belong to the female and secrete the ootheca.
2. The male has a mushroom gland and a conglobate gland as accessory glands.
Teacher's Note:
1. Female equals collaterial glands, male equals mushroom gland and conglobate gland.
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FAQs
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