Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Chemical Coordination and Integration
Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Chemical Coordination and Integration designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
Download Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQs with Answers
Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chemical Coordination and Integration below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.
Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Pituitary gland
(b) Thyroid gland
(c) Pineal gland
(d) Adrenal gland
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Thyroid gland
Explanation:
1. The thyroid gland is the major regulator of metabolism and development.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Connective tissue band of thyroid gland
(b) Inside the thyroid follicular cell
(c) In blood stream
(d) Extra cellular space of thyroid gland
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Extra cellular space of thyroid gland
Explanation:
1. The thyroid is unique in storing its hormone extracellularly, in the follicle cavity as thyroglobulin.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Thymus gland
(b) Thyroid gland
(c) Adrenal cortex
(d) Posterior pituitary gland
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Posterior pituitary gland
Explanation:
1. The posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) develops from neural tissue and is neuroectodermal.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Insulin – Hyperglycemic effect
(b) STH – Hypoglycemic effect
(c) Epinephrine – Hyperglycemic effect
(d) Thyroxine – Decrease amino acid up take
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Epinephrine – Hyperglycemic effect
Explanation:
1. Epinephrine (adrenaline) raises blood glucose, so it has a hyperglycemic effect; insulin is hypoglycemic.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Iodothyroglobulin
(b) Estrogen
(c) Adrenaline
(d) Estradiole
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Adrenaline
Explanation:
1. Adrenaline is a protein or amine hormone acting through a membrane receptor and second messenger; steroids such as oestrogen act inside the cell.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Defense capability
(b) RBC formation
(c) Menstrual cycle regulation
(d) Pigmentation
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) RBC formation
Explanation:
1. Melatonin affects defence capability, menstrual cycle and pigmentation, but not RBC formation.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Thyroid lobes are connected through non glandular isthmus
(b) Intracellular hormone storage is unique to thyroid
(c) Thyroxine derived from arginine amino acid
(d) 'C' cells are major constituent of thyroid gland increase Ca+2 in ECF.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Thyroid lobes are connected through non glandular isthmus
Explanation:
1. The two thyroid lobes are joined by a thin flap of tissue, the isthmus; hormone storage is extracellular and calcitonin lowers Ca2+.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) TSH
(b) Tri-iodothyronine
(c) Tetra iodothyronine
(d) Calcitonin
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Tetra iodothyronine
Explanation:
1. The thyroid secretes mostly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine).
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Adrenal gland
(b) Thyroid gland
(c) Thymus gland
(d) Pituitary gland
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Thymus gland
Explanation:
1. The thymus secretes thymosins that help develop the immune system.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Hormone of b-cell of pancreas
(b) Hormone of adrenal medulla
(c) Hormone of parathyroid
(d) Hormones of pineal gland
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Hormone of adrenal medulla
Explanation:
1. Adrenaline from the adrenal medulla stimulates glycogen breakdown and raises blood glucose.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) PTH: decreases Ca2+ absorption from the intestine
(b) Adrenaline: piloerection
(c) Glucocorticoids: immune system suppression
(d) Melatonin: T-cell differentiation
(a) (a), (b)
(b) (b), (c)
(c) (a), (c)
(d) (a), (d)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) (a), (d)
Explanation:
1. PTH increases Ca2+ absorption and T-cell differentiation is promoted by thymosin, so (a) and (d) are incorrect.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) PRL (b) Oestrogen (c) Progesterone (d) Adrenaline
(a) a, b, d
(b) a, b, c
(c) a, c, d
(d) b, c, d
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) a, b, c
Explanation:
1. Prolactin, oestrogen and progesterone regulate the growth of mammary glands.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Adrenaline
(b) Cortisol
(c) Melatonin
(d) Thymosin
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Melatonin
Explanation:
1. Melatonin regulates the diurnal (24-hour) rhythm of the body.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Cortisol
(b) Oxytocin
(c) ACTH
(d) STH
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Oxytocin
Explanation:
1. Oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesised in the hypothalamus, whereas cortisol, ACTH and STH are produced elsewhere.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Oxytocin – Milk synthesis
(b) FSH – Maintains corpus luteum
(c) Thyroxine – Requires I2 and glycin
(d) Vasopressin – Transport through neural axon
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Vasopressin – Transport through neural axon
Explanation:
1. Vasopressin is made in the hypothalamus and transported along neural axons to the posterior pituitary; thyroxine needs iodine and tyrosine.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) (c), (d)
(b) (b), (d)
(c) (a), (b)
(d) (b), (c)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) (a), (b)
Explanation:
1. Thyroid hormones and cortisol support RBC formation.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Cortisol and adrenaline
(b) Only adrenaline
(c) Adrenaline and noradrenaline
(d) Insulin and glucagon
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Adrenaline and noradrenaline
Explanation:
1. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Testosterone
(b) Progesterone
(c) Estrogen
(d) LH
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Estrogen
Explanation:
1. Oestrogen stimulates the formation of ducts in the mammary gland.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Non nutrient chemical
(b) Intercellular messengers
(c) Produced in traces
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
1. Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals that act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Pancreas
(b) Pituitary gland
(c) Adrenal gland
(d) Kidney
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Kidney
Explanation:
1. The kidney is not an organised endocrine gland, though it produces erythropoietin.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
(a) Adrenal cortex hormone
(b) Anterior pituitary hormone
(c) Posterior pituitary hormone
(d) a-cell of pancreas
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Posterior pituitary hormone
Explanation:
1. Oxytocin from the posterior pituitary stimulates strong uterine contractions at delivery.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates diurnal rhythm, menstrual cycle and pigmentation.
2. Thymus secretes thymosins that promote T-cell differentiation and immunity; PTH raises blood calcium.
(a) Growth hormone
(b) Thyroxine
(c) Cortisol
(d) Somatostatin
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Somatostatin
Explanation:
1. Somatostatin from the hypothalamus inhibits the release of growth hormone.
Teacher's Note:
1. The thyroid secretes mainly thyroxine (T4, tetra-iodothyronine), needs iodine, and its 'C' cells secrete calcitonin which lowers blood calcium.
2. Thyroid hormone is stored extracellularly in the follicles as thyroglobulin, and thyroxine is made from tyrosine.
(a) Medulla of adrenal gland
(b) Pancreatic acini
(c) Adenohypophysis
(d) Melatonin secreting cells
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Adenohypophysis
Explanation:
1. The hypothalamic portal system carries releasing and inhibiting hormones to the adenohypophysis.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hypothalamic hormones reach the anterior pituitary through the hypothalamic portal system, while oxytocin and vasopressin are made in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary via axons.
2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are the fight and flight hormones and raise blood glucose.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration
About Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQs for NEET Biology
Test your conceptual understanding of Chemical Coordination and Integration with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest NEET curriculum for NEET Biology, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.
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FAQs
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