NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set 32

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Cell The Unit of Life

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Practice Cell The Unit of Life MCQs for NEET Biology

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following scientist explained that cells divided and new cells are formed from pre-existing cells?
(a) Schwann
(b) Schleiden
(c) Rudolf Virchow
(d) Robert Hooke
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Rudolf Virchow

Explanation:
1. Rudolf Virchow explained that new cells form from pre-existing cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 2: Which of the following scientist give the cell theory a final shape ?
(a) Leewenhoek
(b) Schleidin & Schwann
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Rudolf Virchow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Rudolf Virchow

Explanation:
1. Virchow gave the cell theory its final shape.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 3: Which among the following is not a function of mesosome ?
(a) Synthesis of food
(b) Help in cell wall formation
(c) Help in DNA replication
(d) Distribution of DNA in daughter cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Synthesis of food

Explanation:
1. Mesosomes help in cell wall formation, DNA replication and distribution, and respiration, but not in food synthesis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 4: Regarding to inclusion bodies - find out the incorrect statement
(a) It is site of food storage
(b) It is single membrane bounded
(c) They lie freely in cytoplasm
(d) May found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) It is single membrane bounded

Explanation:
1. Inclusion bodies are not membrane bound; they lie freely in the cytoplasm.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 5: In plasma membrane of human erythrocyte which of the following is ratio of proteins and lipids respectively-
(a) 50 & 50
(b) 60 & 40
(c) 52 & 40
(d) 40 & 52
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 52 & 40

Explanation:
1. The human erythrocyte membrane is about 52 per cent protein and 40 per cent lipid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 6: Fluidity of plasma membrane is due to -
(a) Lipids
(b) Proteins
(c) Carbohydrates
(d) Cholesterol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lipids

Explanation:
1. Lipids are responsible for the fluidity of the membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 7: Regarding the cell membrane, find the odd (incorrect) statement:
(a) Fluid mosaic model is widely accepted model
(b) Quasi fluid nature of lipids enables the lateral movement of proteins
(c) All types of molecules can easily pass through membrane
(d) Fluid nature of membrane is also important for cell growth & formation of intercellular junctions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) All types of molecules can easily pass through membrane

Explanation:
1. Only some small non-polar and neutral molecules cross the bilayer freely; polar molecules cannot.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 8: Which type of solutes may move across plasma membrane from higher to lower concentration along con centration g radient without o f help of transmembrane proteins?
(a) Positively charged solutes
(b) Negatively charged solutes
(c) Neutral solutes
(d) Any of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Neutral solutes

Explanation:
1. Neutral solutes can diffuse down their gradient through the lipid bilayer without membrane proteins.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 9: Select out the wrong statement -
(a) Neutral solute can move according to concentration gradient across the nonpolar lipid bilayer
(b) Water can also move according to concentration gradient across the nonpolar lipid bilayer.
(c) Non polar molecules can not pass through non polar lipid bilayer
(d) Na+ & K+ can move across membrane through active transport
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Non polar molecules can not pass through non polar lipid bilayer

Explanation:
1. Non-polar molecules pass through the non-polar lipid bilayer easily, so the statement is wrong.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 10: Which of the following is not a function of cell wall ?
(a) Protection from mechanical damage and infection
(b) Cell to cell interaction
(c) Barrier to undesirable macromolecules
(d) Secretion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Secretion

Explanation:
1. Secretion is not a function of the cell wall.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 11: Which of the following component is not a constituent of algal cell wall ?
(a) Cellulose
(b) Galactans
(c) Mannans
(d) Hemicellulose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Hemicellulose

Explanation:
1. Hemicellulose is not a constituent of algal cell walls (they have cellulose, galactans, mannans).

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 12: Which of the following constituent is right for endomembrane system ?
(a) ER, Golgi complex, lysosome & nucleus
(b) ER, Golgi complex, lysosome & vacuole
(c) ER, Golgi complex, lysosome & microbodies
(d) ER, Golgi complex, plastids & vacuole
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) ER, Golgi complex, lysosome & vacuole

Explanation:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi complex, lysosomes and vacuole.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 13: Regarding to endoplasmic reticulum which of the following statement is wrong -
(a) ER divides the intra cellular space into two distinct compartments
(b) RER frequently observed in cells actively involved in secretion
(c) In animals steroidal hormones are synthesized in RER
(d) SER is the major site of lipid synthesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) In animals steroidal hormones are synthesized in RER

Explanation:
1. Steroid hormones are synthesised in the smooth ER, not in the rough ER.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 14: Golgi complex receives proteins for modification from RER at which face -
(a) Cis face
(b) Trans face
(c) Concave face
(d) Maturing face
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cis face

Explanation:
1. The Golgi complex receives proteins from the RER on its cis (forming) face.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 15: In plant cells how much volume of cell can be occupied by vacuole ?
(a) 10%
(b) 50%
(c) 90%
(d) 80%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 90%

Explanation:
1. A vacuole may occupy up to 90 per cent of the volume of a plant cell.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 16: Classification of plastids into ch loroplast, chromoplast and leucoplast is based on -
(a) Stored food
(b) Pigments
(c) Structure
(d) Size
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pigments

Explanation:
1. Plastids are classified as chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts on the basis of pigments.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 17: Chloroplast of higher plants contains - (1) Only chlorophyll (2) Only carotenoids (3) Both chlorophyll and carotenoids
(a) Only chlorophyll
(b) Only carotenoids
(c) Both chlorophyll and carotenoids
(d) Neither chlorophyll nor carotenoids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Both chlorophyll and carotenoids

Explanation:
1. Chloroplasts of higher plants contain both chlorophylls and carotenoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 18: Regarding to cilia and flagella which of the following statement is incorrect -
(a) Cilia is small and flagella is long
(b) Cilia can move either cell or surrounding fluid
(c) Flagella is responsible for movement of surrounding fluid
(d) Cilia work like oars
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Flagella is responsible for movement of surrounding fluid

Explanation:
1. Flagella are long and cause cell movement; cilia work like oars and move the cell or the fluid around it.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 19: What is the orientation of centrioles in centrosome?
(a) Parallel
(b) Perpendicular
(c) Oblique
(d) None of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Perpendicular

Explanation:
1. The two centrioles of a centrosome lie perpendicular to each other.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 20: Match the following:
(A) Robert Brown: (I) Ribonucleoproteins
(B) Flemming: (II) Nucleus as a cell organelle
(C) Palade: (III) Packaging of materials
(D) Camillo Golgi: (IV) Staining of nuclear material
(a) A - (II) B - (IV) C - (I) D - (III)
(b) A - (II) B - (IV) C - (III) D - (I)
(c) A - (I) B - (II) C - (III) D - (IV)
(d) A - (IV) B - (III) C - (II) D - (I)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A - (II) B - (IV) C - (I) D - (III)

Explanation:
1. Brown described the nucleus, Flemming named chromatin by staining, Palade saw ribosomes (ribonucleoproteins) and Golgi found the packaging organelle.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell theory: Schleiden and Schwann proposed it, and Virchow completed it by stating that new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
2. Link each organelle with one structural clue and one function.

Question 21: Nucleolus is the site of -
(a) Synthesis of r - RNA
(b) Synthesis of m - RNA
(c) Synthesis of t- RNA
(d) Synthesis of n- RNA
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Synthesis of r - RNA

Explanation:
1. The nucleolus is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fluid mosaic model (Singer and Nicolson) explains the membrane: lipids give fluidity, proteins float in the bilayer.
2. Polar solutes need carrier proteins; non-polar solutes cross the bilayer directly.

Question 22: Chromosomes are classified with respect to shape on the basis of:
(a) Structure of the chromatin
(b) Number of telomeres
(c) Position of the centromere
(d) Number of nucleoli
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Position of the centromere

Explanation:
1. Chromosomes are classified as metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric and telocentric by centromere position.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

Question 23: Find out the incorrect statement about secondary constriction -
(a) Non staining
(b) Constant position
(c) Known as satellite
(d) Present in some chromosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Known as satellite

Explanation:
1. The secondary constriction is non-staining, at a constant position and present in some chromosomes; the satellite is the segment beyond it, not the constriction.

Teacher's Note:
1. The endomembrane system includes ER, Golgi, lysosomes and vacuoles; mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not part of it.
2. Chromosomes are classified by the position of the centromere.

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