NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set 22

Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Robert Hooke discovered the_______ of a cell
(a) Cell membrane
(b) Nucleus
(c) Cell wall
(d) Cytoplasm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cell wall

Explanation:
1. Nucleus → Robert Brown Cell membrane → Schwann (1838) Cytoplasm → Strasburger (1882).

Question 2: The statement Omnis cellula e cellula, which means all cells arise from pre-existing cells was given by
(a) Rudolf Virchow
(b) Schleiden
(c) Robert Brown
(d) Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Rudolf Virchow

Explanation:
1. Cell Lineage theory → Rudolf virchow.

Question 3: The smallest cell of 0.3 μm in length is
(a) Ostrich egg
(b) Cyanobacteria
(c) Bacteria
(d) Mycoplasma
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Mycoplasma

Explanation:
1. Bacteria = 3 to 5 μm Ostrich → Largest isolated single cell.

Question 4: Which of the following cell organelles is non-membrane bound and found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
(a) Lysosomes
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Centrioles
(d) Mitochondria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Ribosomes

Explanation:
1. Ribosomes are cell organelles which are non membrane bound and found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
2. Rest all are membrane bound cell organelles.

Question 5: Which of the following structure is present only in prokaryotic cell?
(a) Plasmid
(b) Nucleus
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Ribosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Plasmid

Explanation:
1. Plasmid is present only in prokaryotic cell.
2. Yeast is the only eukaryote having plasmid.

Question 6: The genomic DNA of a bacterium is
(a) Circular
(b) Linear
(c) Segmented
(d) Rod shaped
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Circular

Explanation:
1. Circular i.e., close ends.

Question 7: The subunits of ribosomes of a prokaryotic cell are
(a) 60S and 40S
(b) 20S and 90S
(c) 50S and 30S
(d) 30S and 60S
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 50S and 30S

Explanation:
1. 50S Prokaryotic ribosomes 70S + 30S.

Question 8: Which of the following cell organelle is known as protein factory?
(a) Lysosome
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleolus
(d) Ribosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ribosome

Explanation:
1. Ribosomes → Protein factory (Site for protein synthesis) Lysosome → Suicidal bags as they contain hydrolytic enzymes Nucleolus → Site for rRNA synthesis.
2. Mitochondria → Power house of cell.
3. So, it is site for ATP synthesis.

Question 9: Which type of vacuoles provide buoyancy to bacteria?
(a) Sap vacuoles
(b) Contractile vacuoles
(c) Gas vacuoles
(d) Food vacuoles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Gas vacuoles

Explanation:
1. Gas vacuoles → Provide buoyancy to bacteria and help in floating.
2. Sap vacuoles → Found in plants Contractile vacuoles → Osmoregulation Food vacuoles → Digestion.

Question 10: Which of the following is not a structure of prokaryotic flagella?
(a) Filament
(b) Centriole
(c) Hook
(d) Basal body
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Centriole

Explanation:
1. Centriole is not present in a prokaryotic flagella.
2. Filament Hook L-ring Basal Body P-ring Rod S-ring M-ring A prokaryotic flagella (sectional view).

Question 11: The ______ are small bristle like fibres sprouting out of the bacterial cell.
(a) Pili
(b) Mesosomes
(c) Cilia
(d) Fimbriae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Fimbriae

Explanation:
1. Pili – Elongated tubular structures (of protein pilin) Cillia – Fine hair-like outgrowth of membrane Mesosome – Invagination of plasma membrane into cell.

Question 12: Gas vacuoles are found in
(a) Blue green algae
(b) Green and purple bacteria
(c) Bacillus
(d) More than one option is correct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) More than one option is correct

Explanation:
1. Gas vacuoles or pseudovacuoles are present in BGA, green and purple bacteria.

Question 13: The animal cell is different from a plant cell in having
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Nucleus
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) Centrosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Centrosomes

Explanation:
1. Centrosome or centrioles are present in only animal cells.

Question 14: The model given by Singer and Nicolson in_____ was______ for plasma membrane.
(a) 1982, fluid mosaic model
(b) 1992, bilayer model
(c) 1972, fluid mosaic model
(d) 1952, bilayer model
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1972, fluid mosaic model

Explanation:
1. Fluid mosaic model proposed by Singer and Nicolson.

Question 15: The main chemical component of fungal cell wall is
(a) Peptidoglycan
(b) Chitin
(c) Hemicellulose
(d) Pectin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Chitin

Explanation:
1. Peptidoglycan → Found in cell wall of bacteria Hemicellulose + Pectin → Plant cell wall.

Question 16: Which of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) Middle lamella is chiefly made up of calcium and magnesium pectate
(b) Secondary cell wall is found in harder woody parts of a plant
(c) Plasmodesmata are cytoplasmic bridges that connect the neighbouring plant cells
(d) Secondary wall is formed on the outer side of the cell
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Secondary wall is formed on the outer side of the cell

Explanation:
1. Secondary wall formed on inner side of cell or primary wall of cell.

Question 17: Which of the following cell organelles is not considered as a part of an endomembrane system?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) ER
(c) Golgi complex
(d) Lysosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Mitochondria

Explanation:
1. Mitochondria is not a part of endomembrane system because endomembrane system includes → Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, Lysosomes and Vacuoles.

Question 18: Which of the following cell organelle is responsible for the synthesis of steroids and lipids?
(a) SER
(b) RER
(c) Mitochondrion
(d) Ribosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) SER

Explanation:
1. RER → Protein synthesis facilitation Mitochondrion → ATP synthesis site Ribosome → Protein synthesising machinary.

Question 19: Large number of RER are found in the cells actively involved in
(a) Lipid synthesis
(b) Steroidogenesis
(c) Protein synthesis
(d) Starch synthesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Protein synthesis

Explanation:
1. RER – Protein synthesis.

Question 20: Which of the following statement is incorrect w.r.t. Golgi apparatus?
(a) It is non-membrane bound organelle
(b) It is composed of flattened sacs called cisternae
(c) Cisternae resemble with SER
(d) Golgi apparatus has two faces – cis and trans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) It is non-membrane bound organelle

Explanation:
1. Golgi apparatus is unit membrane bound organelle.

Question 21: Which of the following is common to both ER and Golgi complex?
(a) Both are double membrane bound
(b) Both have cisternae
(c) Both contain their own DNA
(d) Both are semi-autonomous organelles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both have cisternae

Explanation:
1. Both ER and Golgi complex have cisternae.

Question 22: A number of proteins synthesised by ribosomes present on the ER are transferred to
(a) Vacuoles
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Plastids
(d) Golgi apparatus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Golgi apparatus

Explanation:
1. Proteins synthesised by ribosomes are transferred to Golgi appratus for modification and packaging.

Question 23: Which of the following statement is incorrect w.r.t. lysosomes?
(a) Lysosomes are simple tiny spherical sac-like structures
(b) They are distributed in the cytoplasm of the cell
(c) The enzymes of lysosomes work in basic condition
(d) The enzymes of lysosomes are synthesised by RER
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) The enzymes of lysosomes work in basic condition

Explanation:
1. Enzymes of lysosome work in acidic pH.

Question 24: Which of the following cell organelle is involved in the synthesis of the cell organelle that contains hydrolytic enzymes?
(a) Mitochondrion
(b) Golgi apparatus
(c) Plastids
(d) Nucleus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Golgi apparatus

Explanation:
1. Golgi appratus is involved in the synthesis of lysosomes that contain hydrolytic enzymes.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life

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