NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set 18

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Mitochondria are the site of
(a) photosynthesis
(b) both aerobic and anaerobic respiration
(c) protein sorting
(d) aerobic respiration only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) aerobic respiration only

Explanation:
1. They are the powerhouse, producing ATP by aerobic respiration.

Teacher's Note:
1. They have 70S ribosomes and divide by fission.

Question 2: The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called
(a) grana
(b) cisternae
(c) cristae
(d) thylakoids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) cristae

Explanation:
1. Cristae increase surface area for ATP production and project into the matrix.

Teacher's Note:
1. Thylakoids are in chloroplasts.

Question 3: The stacks of thylakoids in a chloroplast, resembling piles of coins, are called
(a) cristae
(b) grana
(c) stroma lamellae
(d) cisternae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) grana

Explanation:
1. Grana are connected by stroma lamellae.

Teacher's Note:
1. The space inside the inner membrane is the stroma.

Question 4: The ribosomes of prokaryotes are of the type
(a) 70S consisting of 50S and 30S subunits
(b) 80S consisting of 60S and 40S subunits
(c) 70S consisting of 60S and 40S subunits
(d) 80S consisting of 50S and 30S subunits
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 70S consisting of 50S and 30S subunits

Explanation:
1. Prokaryotic, mitochondrial and chloroplast ribosomes are 70S.

Teacher's Note:
1. S is the Svedberg unit of sedimentation coefficient.

Question 5: Cilia and flagella arise from centriole-like structures called
(a) kinetochores
(b) basal bodies
(c) centromeres
(d) satellites
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) basal bodies

Explanation:
1. The axoneme shows a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.

Teacher's Note:
1. The centriole has a 9+0 arrangement of triplets.

Question 6: A centriole has a cartwheel-like organisation made of
(a) nine doublets with two central microtubules
(b) twelve singlets
(c) nine evenly spaced peripheral fibrils, each a triplet
(d) eleven doublets
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) nine evenly spaced peripheral fibrils, each a triplet

Explanation:
1. The central proteinaceous hub is connected to peripheral triplets by radial spokes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The two centrioles of a centrosome lie perpendicular to each other.

Question 7: The nucleus was first described by
(a) Flemming
(b) Palade
(c) Robert Brown
(d) Golgi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Robert Brown

Explanation:
1. Brown described the nucleus; Flemming named chromatin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Palade described ribosomes.

Question 8: The basic proteins present in chromatin are
(a) globulins
(b) albumins
(c) histones
(d) enzymes only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) histones

Explanation:
1. Histones are basic and bind the acidic DNA.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chromatin contains DNA, histones, non-histone proteins and RNA.

Question 9: The type of chromosome with the centromere at the terminal position is
(a) acrocentric
(b) metacentric
(c) submetacentric
(d) telocentric
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) telocentric

Explanation:
1. Telocentric chromosomes have a terminal centromere.

Teacher's Note:
1. Metacentric chromosomes have a middle centromere and equal arms.

Question 10: The small fragment at the secondary constriction of a chromosome is called
(a) kinetochore
(b) telomere
(c) satellite
(d) chromatid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) satellite

Explanation:
1. A non-staining secondary constriction is found at a constant location in some chromosomes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The primary constriction is the centromere.

Question 11: Two mature eukaryotic cells that lack a nucleus are
(a) nerve cells and RBCs
(b) mammalian RBCs and sieve tube cells
(c) guard cells and sieve cells
(d) muscle cells and RBCs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) mammalian RBCs and sieve tube cells

Explanation:
1. These cells are living though enucleate.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mammalian RBCs lose the nucleus at maturity.

Question 12: The length of DNA in a single human cell is approximately
(a) 22 centimetres
(b) 2.2 millimetres
(c) 2.2 metres
(d) 22 metres
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 2.2 metres

Explanation:
1. The DNA is packaged into nucleosomes in the nucleus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chromatin has acidic and basic components.

Question 13: Which statement about the nuclear envelope is correct?
(a) The inner membrane is continuous with ER
(b) Nuclear pores allow movement in only one direction
(c) Nuclear pores allow movement of RNA and proteins in both directions
(d) The perinuclear space is absent
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Nuclear pores allow movement of RNA and proteins in both directions

Explanation:
1. Pores form by fusion of the two membranes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The outer membrane is continuous with the ER.

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Cell The Unit of Life Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

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FAQs

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