NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set 17

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Cell The Unit of Life

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Who first discovered and described a living cell?
(a) Robert Hooke
(b) Anton von Leeuwenhoek
(c) Robert Brown
(d) Rudolf Virchow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Anton von Leeuwenhoek

Explanation:
1. Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell, while Hooke saw dead cork cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Do not confuse the first dead cell with the first living cell.

Question 2: The cell theory was formulated by
(a) Schleiden and Schwann
(b) Virchow and Brown
(c) Singer and Nicolson
(d) Palade and Golgi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Schleiden and Schwann

Explanation:
1. Schleiden and Schwann proposed that all plants and animals are composed of cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Virchow later gave it a final shape.

Question 3: Who explained that new cells arise from pre-existing cells (omnis cellula-e-cellula)?
(a) Schleiden
(b) Schwann
(c) Robert Brown
(d) Rudolf Virchow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Rudolf Virchow

Explanation:
1. Virchow modified the cell theory in 1855.

Teacher's Note:
1. The phrase means every cell arises from a cell.

Question 4: Which non-membranous organelle is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
(a) Ribosome
(b) Centriole
(c) Mitochondrion
(d) Golgi body
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ribosome

Explanation:
1. Ribosomes are the only organelle in prokaryotes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Centrioles are absent in prokaryotes.

Question 5: The largest isolated single cell is the
(a) nerve cell
(b) Mycoplasma
(c) human egg
(d) egg of an ostrich
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) egg of an ostrich

Explanation:
1. Ostrich egg is the largest isolated cell, Mycoplasma the smallest and nerve cells are the longest.

Teacher's Note:
1. Match each cell with its record.

Question 6: Plasmodesmata
(a) hold cells together as glue
(b) are made of lipids
(c) form the secondary wall
(d) traverse the cell wall and middle lamella and connect cytoplasm of neighbouring cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) traverse the cell wall and middle lamella and connect cytoplasm of neighbouring cells

Explanation:
1. They permit exchange between plant cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gap junctions are the animal equivalent.

Question 7: The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was proposed in 1972 by
(a) Danielli and Davson
(b) Robertson
(c) Singer and Nicolson
(d) Schleiden and Schwann
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Singer and Nicolson

Explanation:
1. It explains the quasi-fluid nature of lipids and lateral movement of proteins.

Teacher's Note:
1. The 1950s electron microscope work made structure study possible.

Question 8: In the human RBC membrane, the approximate percentages of lipids and proteins are
(a) 52 and 40
(b) 40 and 52
(c) 30 and 60
(d) 20 and 70
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 40 and 52

Explanation:
1. In RBC membranes lipids form about 40% and proteins about 52%.

Teacher's Note:
1. The ratio varies in different membranes.

Question 9: The endoplasmic reticulum bearing ribosomes on its surface is
(a) SER
(b) RER
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) lysosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) RER

Explanation:
1. RER is involved in protein synthesis and secretion.

Teacher's Note:
1. SER synthesises lipids and steroids.

Question 10: Camillo Golgi first observed the densely stained reticular structure in the nerve cells of
(a) the owl
(b) the frog
(c) the rat
(d) the rabbit
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) the owl

Explanation:
1. In 1898 he described what is now called the Golgi apparatus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Golgi apparatus has cis and trans faces.

Question 11: Vesicles from the ER fuse with which face of the Golgi apparatus?
(a) trans or maturing face
(b) both equally
(c) cis or forming face
(d) lateral face
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) cis or forming face

Explanation:
1. Material moves from cis to trans face.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cisternae are concentrically arranged.

Question 12: Which structures are included in the endomembrane system?
(a) ER, mitochondria and chloroplasts
(b) ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles
(c) Golgi and ribosomes
(d) mitochondria and lysosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles

Explanation:
1. Their functions are coordinated.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes are not included.

Question 13: The membrane that sets up a higher concentration of ions in the vacuole is the
(a) tonoplast
(b) plasma membrane
(c) nuclear membrane
(d) thylakoid membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) tonoplast

Explanation:
1. The tonoplast carries out active transport of ions.

Teacher's Note:
1. In plants, vacuoles can occupy up to 90% of the cell volume.

Question 14: Which type of plastid stores oil and fat?
(a) Amyloplast
(b) Elaioplast
(c) Aleuroplast
(d) Chromoplast
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Elaioplast

Explanation:
1. Elaioplasts store fats, amyloplasts starch and aleuroplasts protein.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chromoplasts hold carotenoid pigments.

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