NEET Biology Cell Cycle and Cell Division MCQs Set 15

Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

View or download the dedicated Cell Cycle and Cell Division MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The duration of the cell cycle in yeast is about
(a) 90 minutes
(b) 24 hours
(c) 20 minutes
(d) 12 hours
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 90 minutes

Explanation:
1. A yeast cell completes a cycle in about 90 minutes, whereas a human cell takes about 24 hours.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cell cycle duration varies with organism and cell type.

Question 2: The phase between two successive M-phases is the
(a) prophase
(b) telophase
(c) cytokinesis
(d) interphase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) interphase

Explanation:
1. Interphase lasts more than 95% of the cycle.

Teacher's Note:
1. It has G1, S and G2 phases.

Question 3: Cells that do not divide further exit G1 and enter an inactive stage called
(a) G0 or quiescent stage
(b) G2
(c) S phase
(d) M phase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) G0 or quiescent stage

Explanation:
1. Cells in G0 are metabolically active but do not proliferate unless called on.

Teacher's Note:
1. Heart cells are an example.

Question 4: A diploid cell has 2n chromosomes at G1. After S phase the number of chromosomes is
(a) 4n
(b) n
(c) 2n
(d) 3n
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 2n

Explanation:
1. Replication produces sister chromatids, but the number of chromosomes counted by centromeres is unchanged.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chromosome number halves only in meiosis.

Question 5: Which statement is true?
(a) DNA replication is continuous
(b) Proteins are synthesised only during prophase
(c) Cell growth is continuous while DNA replication occurs only in S phase
(d) M phase is the longest phase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Cell growth is continuous while DNA replication occurs only in S phase

Explanation:
1. Growth continues through interphase while DNA synthesis is restricted to S.

Teacher's Note:
1. M phase is only about 5% of the cycle.

Question 6: Which stage of mitosis marks the initiation of condensation of chromosomal material?
(a) Prophase
(b) Metaphase
(c) Anaphase
(d) Telophase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Prophase

Explanation:
1. Chromosome condensation begins in prophase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Condensation is completed in metaphase.

Question 7: Nuclear envelope and nucleolus reappear in
(a) prophase
(b) metaphase
(c) anaphase
(d) telophase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) telophase

Explanation:
1. In telophase chromosomes decondense and the Golgi and ER reform.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cytokinesis follows.

Question 8: An example of a syncytium in which karyokinesis is not followed by cytokinesis is
(a) liquid endosperm of coconut
(b) skin cells
(c) onion root tip
(d) RBCs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) liquid endosperm of coconut

Explanation:
1. Free nuclear divisions give multinucleate cytoplasm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Many nuclei lie in a common cytoplasm.

Question 9: Mitosis is also known as
(a) reductional division
(b) reduction division
(c) equational division
(d) synapsis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) equational division

Explanation:
1. The chromosome number stays the same in daughter cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis is the reductional division.

Question 10: Which statement about mitosis is false?
(a) Centrioles begin to move to poles in anaphase
(b) Chromosomes condense completely in metaphase
(c) Nucleolus disappears in prophase
(d) Chromatids separate in anaphase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Centrioles begin to move to poles in anaphase

Explanation:
1. Centrioles move to opposite poles in prophase.

Teacher's Note:
1. Small discs on centromeres are kinetochores, not chiasmata.

Question 11: In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate while sister chromatids stay together at centromeres in
(a) anaphase II
(b) anaphase I
(c) metaphase I
(d) telophase I
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) anaphase I

Explanation:
1. At anaphase I, whole chromosomes move to the poles.

Teacher's Note:
1. In anaphase II centromeres split.

Question 12: Pairing of homologous chromosomes (synapsis) occurs in
(a) leptotene
(b) zygotene
(c) pachytene
(d) diplotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) zygotene

Explanation:
1. During zygotene, chromosomes pair and form the synaptonemal complex.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pairs are called bivalents.

Question 13: Crossing over occurs in
(a) zygotene, with DNA ligase
(b) pachytene, with the enzyme recombinase
(c) diplotene, with recombinase
(d) leptotene, with helicase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) pachytene, with the enzyme recombinase

Explanation:
1. Recombination nodules appear at pachytene where recombinase catalyses crossing over.

Teacher's Note:
1. Crossing over is exchange between non-sister chromatids.

Question 14: Chiasmata become visible and the synaptonemal complex dissolves in
(a) diakinesis
(b) pachytene
(c) zygotene
(d) diplotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) diplotene

Explanation:
1. The X-shaped chiasmata mark crossover sites in diplotene.

Teacher's Note:
1. Diplotene can last months or years in oocytes.

Question 15: Terminalisation of chiasmata occurs in
(a) diplotene
(b) pachytene
(c) diakinesis
(d) zygotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) diakinesis

Explanation:
1. Diakinesis shows terminalisation, nucleolus disappearance and the transition to metaphase I.

Teacher's Note:
1. The spindle then forms.

Question 16: Which statement about meiosis is correct?
(a) It keeps chromosome number the same
(b) It increases genetic variability and produces the haploid phase
(c) It is the cell division for growth
(d) It is equational division
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) It increases genetic variability and produces the haploid phase

Explanation:
1. Crossing over and independent assortment cause variation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis conserves species chromosome number across generations.

Question 17: Which of these is correctly matched with its stage?
(a) Crossing over: zygotene
(b) Synapsis: zygotene
(c) Chiasmata appear: pachytene
(d) Terminalisation: diplotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Synapsis: zygotene

Explanation:
1. Synapsis happens in zygotene, crossing over in pachytene, chiasmata in diplotene and terminalisation in diakinesis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Division of centromere occurs in anaphase II.

Question 18: Which is a function of mitosis but not of meiosis?
(a) Conservation of species chromosome number
(b) Genetic variability
(c) Evolution
(d) Replacement of old cells and growth of multicellular organisms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Replacement of old cells and growth of multicellular organisms

Explanation:
1. Mitosis causes growth and repair.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis supports evolution via variation.

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