Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Cell Biology
Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Cell Biology. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.
Access Cell Biology Questions and Solutions
Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Cell Biology below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.
Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Vacuoles
(c) Plastids
(d) Ribosomes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Vacuoles
Explanation:
1. Vacuoles regulate the osmotic expansion of a cell kept in water.
Teacher's Note:
1. The tonoplast controls water.
(a) E. R.
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Proplastid
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) E. R.
Explanation:
1. The Golgi body arises from vesicles of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Teacher's Note:
1. ER and Golgi are part of the endomembrane system.
Assertion (A): Centrioles are essential for maintenance of continuity of cells in animals.
Reason (R): Centrioles give rise to spindle apparatus during cell division.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Centrioles form the spindle apparatus in animal cells, and so are essential for cell division.
Teacher's Note:
1. Plants form spindles without centrioles.
(a) 1.8
(b) 1.3
(c) 0.80
(d) 0.60
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) 1.3
Explanation:
1. In the erythrocyte membrane, protein is about 52 percent and lipid about 40 percent, a ratio of 1.3.
Teacher's Note:
1. It varies between cell types.
(a) Nucleoplasm
(b) RER
(c) SER
(d) Symplast
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) SER
Explanation:
1. The smooth ER is the main site of lipid synthesis.
Teacher's Note:
1. The RER makes proteins.
Column-I: (a) Thylakoids, (b) Cristae, (c) Cisternae, (d) Chromatin
Column-II: (i) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus, (ii) Condensed structure of DNA, (iii) Flat membranous sacs in stroma, (iv) Infoldings in mitochondria
(a) a-(iii), b-(iv), c-(ii), d-(i)
(b) a-(iv), b-(iii), c-(i), d-(ii)
(c) a-(iii), b-(iv), c-(i), d-(ii)
(d) a-(iii), b-(i), c-(iv), d-(ii)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) a-(iii), b-(iv), c-(i), d-(ii)
Explanation:
1. Thylakoids are flat membranous sacs in the stroma, cristae are mitochondrial infoldings, cisternae are the disc-shaped sacs of Golgi, and chromatin is condensed DNA.
Teacher's Note:
1. The pairing is a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii.
(a) Prokaryotic cells
(b) Prokaryotic cells, chloroplasts and mitochondria
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Nucleus, mitochondria
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Prokaryotic cells, chloroplasts and mitochondria
Explanation:
1. 70S ribosomes occur in prokaryotes, chloroplasts and mitochondria.
Teacher's Note:
1. The cytoplasm of eukaryotes has 80S.
(a) Hemicellulose
(b) Cellulose
(c) Starch
(d) Glycoprotein
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Glycoprotein
Explanation:
1. Carbohydrates occur on the outer surface of the plasma membrane as glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cellulose and starch are not part of the membrane.
(a) Cytosine rich repeats
(b) Adenine rich repeats
(c) Guanine rich repeats
(d) Thymine rich repeats
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Guanine rich repeats
Explanation:
1. Telomeres have short guanine-rich repeats, in humans TTAGGG.
Teacher's Note:
1. Telomerase adds them.
(a) Ribosome
(b) Lysosome
(c) Oxysome
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Lysosome
Explanation:
1. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes.
Teacher's Note:
1. They work in acid pH.
(a) Larger nucleoli are present in dividing cells.
(b) It is a membrane-bound structure.
(c) It takes part in spindle formation.
(d) It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis.
Explanation:
1. The nucleolus is the site of active rRNA synthesis.
Teacher's Note:
1. It has no membrane and no role in spindle formation.
(a) Primary constriction
(b) Secondary constriction
(c) Tertiary constriction
(d) Centriole
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Secondary constriction
Explanation:
1. The nucleolar organiser is a secondary constriction.
Teacher's Note:
1. The primary constriction is the centromere.
(a) Naked
(b) Circular
(c) Double stranded
(d) All the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All the above
Explanation:
1. Mitochondrial DNA is naked, circular and double stranded.
Teacher's Note:
1. It resembles bacterial DNA.
(a) Polysome
(b) Polymer
(c) Polypeptide
(d) Okazaki fragment
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Polysome
Explanation:
1. A string of ribosomes on one mRNA is a polysome.
Teacher's Note:
1. Okazaki fragments are in DNA replication.
(a) RNA
(b) Ribonucleoprotein
(c) Repetitive DNA
(d) Simple protein
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Ribonucleoprotein
Explanation:
1. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein; it has an RNA template and a protein.
Teacher's Note:
1. It extends telomeres.
(a) Pinesomes
(b) Phagosomes
(c) Microsomes
(d) Ribosomes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Ribosomes
Explanation:
1. A polysome is a chain of ribosomes on one mRNA.
Teacher's Note:
1. They make several copies of a protein together.
Assertion (A): Nucleus controls the metabolic activities of cytoplasm.
Reason (R): Nucleus synthesizes enzymes and send them to cytoplasm to control the activities.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. The nucleus controls the cytoplasm, so A is true; but it sends mRNA and not enzymes to the cytoplasm, so R is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. The cytoplasm makes enzymes.
(a) Single layered structure
(b) Three layered structure
(c) Four layered structure
(d) Two layered structure
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Two layered structure
Explanation:
1. The nucleus has two layers (nuclear envelope with two membranes).
Teacher's Note:
1. The perinuclear space lies between them.
(a) Upper layer is non-polar and hydrophilic
(b) Polar layer is hydrophobic
(c) Phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part
(d) Proteins form a middle layer
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Phospholipids form a bimolecular layer in middle part
Explanation:
1. The phospholipid bilayer is the middle part, with hydrophilic heads outside and hydrophobic tails inside.
Teacher's Note:
1. Proteins are embedded in the bilayer.
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Golgi vesicles
(c) Lysosomes
(d) Sphaerosomes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Ribosomes
Explanation:
1. Ribosomes were observed by Palade, so they are called Palade particles.
Teacher's Note:
1. Ribosomes are not membrane bound.
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Lysosomes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Lysosomes
Explanation:
1. Lysosomes are bounded by a single unit membrane.
Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have two membranes and ribosomes have none.
(a) Lysosome
(b) E.R.
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Chloroplast
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) E.R.
Explanation:
1. The endoplasmic reticulum is called the system of membranes (network of channels).
Teacher's Note:
1. It forms about half the membrane in a cell.
(a) Cellulose, hemicellulose
(b) Phospholipid and integrated protein
(c) Phospholipid, extrinsic protein, intrinsic protein
(d) Phospholipid and hemicellulose
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Phospholipid, extrinsic protein, intrinsic protein
Explanation:
1. The fluid mosaic model has a phospholipid bilayer with peripheral (extrinsic) and integral (intrinsic) proteins.
Teacher's Note:
1. Singer and Nicolson proposed it in 1972.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Cell Biology
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FAQs
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