NEET Biology Biomolecules MCQs Set 14

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Biomolecules

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Biomolecules designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Practice Biomolecules MCQs for NEET Biology

View or download the dedicated Biomolecules MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which element is present in the greatest amount in the human body?
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Carbon
(c) Oxygen
(d) Nitrogen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Oxygen

Explanation:
1. Oxygen makes up most of the body mass because of water.

Teacher's Note:
1. By atoms, hydrogen is highest.

Question 2: Inulin is a polymer of:
(a) Glucose
(b) Amino acids
(c) Fructose
(d) Nucleotides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fructose

Explanation:
1. Inulin is a polymer of fructose.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is a storage polysaccharide in some plants.

Question 3: Which of the following is an example of a pigment (secondary metabolite)?
(a) Carotenoids
(b) Codeine
(c) Concanavalin A
(d) Curcumin
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Answer: (a) Carotenoids

Explanation:
1. Carotenoids and anthocyanins are plant pigments.

Teacher's Note:
1. Codeine is an alkaloid and curcumin a spice.

Question 4: Which are good sources of different types of secondary metabolites?
(a) Plants
(b) Fungi
(c) Animals
(d) Both plants and fungi
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Answer: (d) Both plants and fungi

Explanation:
1. Plants, fungi and microbes are rich sources of secondary metabolites.

Teacher's Note:
1. Examples include alkaloids, antibiotics, drugs.

Question 5: Which CANNOT be considered a polymeric substance?
(a) Rubber
(b) Gums
(c) Cellulose
(d) Vinblastine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Vinblastine

Explanation:
1. Rubber, gums and cellulose are polymers
2. Vinblastine is an alkaloid drug.

Teacher's Note:
1. Polymeric substances are secondary metabolites.

Question 6: Match. a. Drugs b. Toxins c. Terpenoids d. Alkaloids; i. Morphine ii. Lemon grass oil iii. Abrin iv. Vinblastine v. Diterpenes
(a) a-iv, b-iii, c-v, d-i
(b) a-v, b-iii, c-ii, d-i
(c) a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii
(d) a-iv, b-i, c-v, d-iii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a-iv, b-iii, c-v, d-i

Explanation:
1. Vinblastine is a drug, abrin a toxin, diterpenes are terpenoids and morphine is an alkaloid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ricin is a toxin.

Question 7: Select the correctly matched pair:
(a) Anthocyanins : alkaloids
(b) Carotenoids : toxins
(c) Ricin : drugs
(d) Lemon grass oil : essential oils
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lemon grass oil : essential oils

Explanation:
1. Lemon grass oil is an essential oil
2. Anthocyanins and carotenoids are pigments, and ricin is a toxin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Essential oils are volatile.

Question 8: Amino acids are classified into groups mainly on the basis of:
(a) Nature of the R group
(b) Number of amino groups
(c) Number of carboxyl groups
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Nature of the R group

Explanation:
1. Amino acids are acidic, basic, neutral or aromatic according to the R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino and carboxyl numbers decide acidic or basic nature.

Question 9: The physical and chemical properties of amino acids depend on:
(a) Amino group
(b) Carboxyl group
(c) R group
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Properties depend on the amino group, carboxyl group and the R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. The ionisable groups decide the charge.

Question 10: Which is an acidic amino acid?
(a) Glutamic acid
(b) Aspartic acid
(c) Ascorbic acid
(d) Both glutamic acid and aspartic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both glutamic acid and aspartic acid

Explanation:
1. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid have two carboxyl groups, so they are acidic
2. Ascorbic acid is vitamin C.

Teacher's Note:
1. Acidic amino acids have an extra COOH.

Question 11: Which amino acids are basic in nature?
(a) Lysine
(b) Arginine
(c) Histidine
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Lysine, arginine and histidine are basic.

Teacher's Note:
1. They have an extra amino group.

Question 12: Which amino acid has CH2OH as its R group?
(a) Glycine
(b) Alanine
(c) Serine
(d) Leucine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Serine

Explanation:
1. Serine has a hydroxymethyl (CH2OH) R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Glycine R = H, alanine R = CH3.

Question 13: Which is the molecular formula of palmitic acid?
(a) CH3(CH2)2COOH
(b) CH3(CH2)14COOH
(c) CH3(CH2)16COOH
(d) CH3(CH2)18COOH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) CH3(CH2)14COOH

Explanation:
1. Palmitic acid has 16 carbons, written CH3(CH2)14COOH.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count one carbon for CH3 and one for COOH.

Question 14: HOCH2-CHOH-CH2OH is the structure of which compound?
(a) Glyceraldehyde
(b) Glycerol
(c) Glyceric acid
(d) Triglycerides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Glycerol

Explanation:
1. A three-carbon chain with an -OH on each carbon is glycerol (a trihydroxy propane).

Teacher's Note:
1. Fats are esters of glycerol.

Question 15: A structure has glycerol with its three -OH groups esterified by R1COOH, R2COOH and R3COOH. Here R1, R2 and R3 are:
(a) Fatty acid, amino acid and adenylic acid
(b) Amino acid, fatty acid and phosphoric acid
(c) Fatty acids only
(d) Amino acid, glucose and lactic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fatty acids only

Explanation:
1. A triacylglycerol is formed by three fatty acids esterified to glycerol.

Teacher's Note:
1. R groups are fatty acid chains.

Question 16: A glycerol has two fatty acids esterified at C1 and C2, and C3 carries a phosphate linked to choline. The compound is:
(a) Lecithin (phosphatidyl choline)
(b) Cephalin (phosphatidyl serine)
(c) Cephalin (phosphatidyl ethanolamine)
(d) Phosphosphingomyelin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lecithin (phosphatidyl choline)

Explanation:
1. Phosphatidyl choline is lecithin, a phospholipid with a choline head group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lecithin is found in cell membranes.

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Biomolecules Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

Chapter MCQs with Answers for NEET Biology

Test your conceptual understanding of Biomolecules with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest NEET curriculum for NEET Biology, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.

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FAQs

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