NEET Biology Biomolecules MCQs Set 11

Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Biomolecules

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Biomolecules designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Biomolecules

View or download the dedicated Biomolecules MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: A nitrogenous base is linked to the pentose sugar through :
(a) Phosphodiester linkage
(b) N-glycosidic linkage
(c) Ester linkage
(d) Phosphoester linkage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) N-glycosidic linkage

Explanation:
1. A nitrogenous base is joined to the pentose sugar by an N-glycosidic linkage.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 2: Which of the following compound is present in acid soluble poo l when w e an alyse chemical composition?
(a) Protein
(b) Lipid
(c) Glucose
(d) Carotenoid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Glucose

Explanation:
1. Glucose, a small molecule, is found in the acid soluble pool.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 3: Which of the following elements present most abundantly on earth crust?
(a) Carbon
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Oxygen
(d) Silicon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Oxygen

Explanation:
1. Oxygen is the most abundant element of the earth's crust.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 4: Variations in amino acids depend on :
(a) Side group
(b) Ester group
(c) Complexity of cell
(d) None of them
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Side group

Explanation:
1. Amino acids differ in their side (R) group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 5: How many carbon atoms are found in arachidonic acid?
(a) 16
(b) 18
(c) 20
(d) 22
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 20

Explanation:
1. Arachidonic acid has 20 carbon atoms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 6: Which of the following AA is basic ?
(a) Valine
(b) Lysine
(c) Glutamic acid
(d) Glycine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Lysine

Explanation:
1. Lysine is a basic amino acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 7: Lipid may be :
(a) Monoglyceride
(b) Diglyceride
(c) Triglyceride
(d) All the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All the above

Explanation:
1. Lipids may be mono-, di- or triglycerides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 8: Which functional group is common in fatty acid & amino acid ?
(a) –COOH
(b) –NH2
(c) –OH
(d) All
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) –COOH

Explanation:
1. The carboxyl group (–COOH) is common to fatty acids and amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 9: Which of the following is micromolecule ?
(a) Lipid
(b) DNA
(c) Protein
(d) All
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lipid

Explanation:
1. Lipids have a low molecular weight, so they are counted as micromolecules, while DNA and proteins are macromolecules.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 10: Antibiotics are :
(a) Primary metabolites
(b) Secondary metabolites
(c) The product obtained from virus
(d) None of them
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Secondary metabolites

Explanation:
1. Antibiotics are secondary metabolites.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 11: In proteins, amino acids are attached together by :
(a) Peptide bond
(b) Amide bond
(c) Ester bond
(d) 1 & 2 both
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 1 & 2 both

Explanation:
1. The peptide bond between amino acids is an amide bond.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 12: Proteins can act as :
(a) transporter of nutrients across cell membrane
(b) Hormones
(c) Enzymes
(d) All
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All

Explanation:
1. Proteins act as transporters, hormones and enzymes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 13: Which of the following statements is correct ?
(a) 3' end of polynucleotide chain will be present where –OH group of 3' carbon of pentose sugar will be free.
(b) Both the strands of DNA are antiparallel due to opposite directing phosphodiester bond.
(c) DNA is more stable than RNA
(d) All
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All

Explanation:
1. All three statements are correct: the 3 end has a free 3 OH, strands run antiparallel, and DNA is more stable than RNA.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 14: Which N-base is odd in the case of DNA?
(a) Cytosine
(b) Guanine
(c) Uracil
(d) 5-Methyl uracil
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Uracil

Explanation:
1. Uracil is the odd base in DNA; DNA has thymine (5-methyl uracil).

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 15: How many H-bonds are present bewteen cytosine and guanine in double stranded DNA formation?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 3

Explanation:
1. Cytosine and guanine are joined by three hydrogen bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 16: In the scheme DNA, then (A), then RNA, then (B), then protein, the process B is:
(a) Replication
(b) Transcription
(c) Translation
(d) Splicing
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Translation

Explanation:
1. Step B converts RNA into protein, which is translation (step A is transcription).

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 17: Which of the following compounds is used in the chemical analysis of living tissue?
(a) CH3COOH
(b) Cl3CCOOH
(c) HCHO
(d) C6H12O6
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Cl3CCOOH

Explanation:
1. Trichloroacetic acid is used to prepare the acid soluble and insoluble fractions of tissue.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 18: Which of the following can be included alongwith biomolecules? (a) Carbohydrate (b) Protein (c) Lipids (d) Nucleic acid (e) Vitamins (f) Minerals (g) Water
(a) a, b, c, d, e, f, g
(b) a, b, c, d, e, f
(c) a, b, c, d, e
(d) a, b, c, d
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a, b, c, d, e

Explanation:
1. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and vitamins are included among biomolecules in this classification.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 19: Which of the following is maximum in human body
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Carbon
(c) Oxygen
(d) Nitrogen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Oxygen

Explanation:
1. Oxygen is the most abundant element by mass in the human body, since water forms most of the body.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 20: When a dry piece of tissue is fully burnt, all the carbon compounds are oxidised to gaseous form and the remaining is called 'ash'. The ash contains all of the following, except.
(a) Calcium
(b) Magnesium
(c) Sulphure
(d) Nucleic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Nucleic acid

Explanation:
1. Nucleic acid is an organic compound that burns off; ash has minerals like calcium and magnesium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 21: Which of the following is/are good source of different type of secondary metabolites?
(a) Plants
(b) Fungi
(c) Animals
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (1) and (2)

Explanation:
1. Plants and fungi are good sources of secondary metabolites.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 22: Which of the following can not be considered as the example of polymeric substances?
(a) Rubber
(b) Gums
(c) Cellulose
(d) Vinblastin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Vinblastin

Explanation:
1. Vinblastin is an alkaloid drug, not a polymer.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 23: Select the correctly matched.
(a) Anthocyanins - Alkaloids
(b) Carotenoids - Toxins
(c) Ricin - Drugs
(d) Lemon grass oil - Essential oils.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lemon grass oil - Essential oils.

Explanation:
1. Lemon grass oil is an essential oil; anthocyanins are pigments, ricin is a toxin and carotenoids are pigments.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 24: Which of the following amino acid having H(Hydrogen) as R group?
(a) Glycine
(b) Alanine
(c) Serine
(d) Leucine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Glycine

Explanation:
1. Glycine has hydrogen as its R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 25: Amino acids are basically classified into different groups; mainly bassed on which of the following?
(a) Nature of R group
(b) Number of amino group
(c) Number of caboxylic group
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Nature of R group

Explanation:
1. Amino acids are classified mainly by the nature of the R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 26: Physical and chemical properties of amino acids depend on
(a) Amino group
(b) Carboxylic group
(c) R-group
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Properties of amino acids depend on the amino group, the carboxyl group and the R group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 27: Which of the following is acidic amino acid.
(a) Glutamic acid
(b) Aspartic acid
(c) Ascorbic acid
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (1) and (2)

Explanation:
1. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid are acidic amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 28: Which of the following amino acid is/are basic in nature?
(a) Lysine
(b) Arginine
(c) Histidine
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Lysine, arginine and histidine are basic amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 29: Which of the following statements is not correct with reference to amino acid?
(a) NH2 group of amino acids having ionizable nature.
(b) COOH group of amino acids having ionizable nature.
(c) The structure of amino acids changes in solutions of different pHs
(d) Amino acids found in protein belong to D-forms mostly
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Amino acids found in protein belong to D-forms mostly

Explanation:
1. Amino acids in proteins are of L form, not D form.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 30: The amino acid whose R group is –CH2OH is:
(a) Glycine
(b) Alanine
(c) Serine
(d) Valine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Serine

Explanation:
1. Serine has a hydroxymethyl (–CH2OH) side chain.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

Question 31: Which of the following is the molecular formula of Palmitic acid ?
(a) CH3(CH2)2COOH
(b) CH3(CH2)14COOH
(c) CH3(CH2)16COOH
(d) CH3(CH2)18COOH CH2–OH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) CH3(CH2)14COOH

Explanation:
1. Palmitic acid is a saturated 16 carbon fatty acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 32: In a triglyceride (glycerol esterified at all three hydroxyl groups with R1–CO, R2–CO and R3–CO), R1, R2 and R3 represent:
(a) Fatty acid, amino acid and adenylic acid respectively
(b) Amino acid, fatty acid and phosphoric acid respectively
(c) Fatty acids only
(d) Amino acid, glucose and lactic acid respectively
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fatty acids only

Explanation:
1. The three ester linked groups of a triglyceride are fatty acid chains.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amino acids differ only in the R group, which decides their chemical nature.
2. DNA has A, G, C and T; RNA has U in place of T.

Question 33: A phospholipid has glycerol esterified to two fatty acids and to a phosphate group joined to choline (–CH2CH2–N+(CH3)3). It is:
(a) Lecithin (phosphatidyl choline)
(b) Cephalin (phosphatidyl serine)
(c) Kephalin (phosphatidyl ethanolamine)
(d) Phosphosphingomyelin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lecithin (phosphatidyl choline)

Explanation:
1. Choline attached through phosphate to diacylglycerol makes lecithin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biomolecules are grouped as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; the acid soluble pool has micromolecules and the acid insoluble fraction has macromolecules.
2. Learn the bonds: glycosidic (sugars), peptide (amino acids), ester (lipids), phosphodiester (nucleotides) and hydrogen bonds between base pairs.

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FAQs

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