NEET Biology Biological Classification Important Questions Set 02

These Class 11 NEET Biology important questions on Biological Classification give 23 questions with step-by-step answers, arranged as very short, short and long answer types, taken from a model test paper. They help NEET aspirants revise the definitions, structures, differences and key terms of the chapter.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Who proposed six kingdom system of classification?
Answer: Carl Woese

Question 2. What name was given to animals having RBCs by Aristotle?
Answer: Enaima

Question 3. What is the mode of nutrition in kingdom Animalia?
Answer: Heterotrophic (Holozoic)

Question 4. Name the type of ribosomes present in Monerans.
Answer: 70S type

Question 5. Carl Woese divided bacteria into two groups. Name them.
Answer: Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

Question 6. What is the habitat of halophiles?
Answer: Salty areas

Question 7. Name the group of bacteria under which methanogens, halophiles and thermoacidophiles are included?
Answer: Archaebacteria

Question 8. Which group of bacteria are characterised by the presence of rigid cell wall?
Answer: Eubacteria

Question 9. How can we say that cyanobacteria are photosynthetic autotrophs?
Answer: They have chlorophyll-a which is similar to the chlorophyll present in plants. Hence, these are known as photosynthetic autotrophs.

Question 10. In which way, heterotrophic bacteria are useful for human being?
Answer: Majority of these bacteria are decomposers. Many of them have a significant impact on human affairs. They are helpful in making curd from milk, production of antibiotics, fixing nitrogen in legume roots etc.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 11. In what way sexual reproduction of bacteria is different from eukaryotic organisms?
Answer: Bacteria exhibit a primitive form of sexual reproduction which differs from eukaryotic sexual reproduction because there is no gamete formation and fusion.

Question 12. Which essential feature of sexual reproduction is not performed by bacteria?
Answer: The essential feature of sexual reproduction i.e. fertilisation and meiosis does not take place.

Question 13. Mention the type of reproduction in Protists.
Answer: Protists reproduce asexually and sexually by a process involving cell fusion and zygote formation.

Question 14. What is pellicle and what is its advantage in Euglenoids?
Answer: Euglenoids lack cell wall. At the place of cell wall, a protein-rich layer, pellicle present which makes their body flexible.

Question 15. What are basidiocarps?
Answer: Basidiocarps are fruiting bodies, developed in sexual reproduction in the members of basidiomycetes.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 16. Explain the structure of cell wall in diatoms.
Answer: The body of diatoms is covered by a transparent siliceous shell. The shell is made up of two valves i.e. epitheca and hypotheca. These two valves fit together like a soap box.

Question 17. How diatomaceous earth is formed? Write its advantage.
Answer: Silica shells of dead diatoms are nearly indestructable and these get accumulated at their habitat. Such huge rock-like deposits of hard shells of diatoms constitute diatomaceous earth. Being gritty, the soil of diatomaceous earth is used in polishing, filtration of oils and syrups.

Question 18. What is the reason of keeping food into refrigerator?
Answer: When we put food into refrigerator, it provides low temperature. So, microorganisms like fungi and bacteria become inactive. The enzymatic activity is low. Due to this reason, microorganisms will not multiply and food will not get spoiled.

Question 19. How asexual reproduction takes place in fungi?
Answer: Asexual reproduction occurs through spores called conidia or sporangiospores or zoospores. These are single- celled specialised structures which separate from the organism, get dispersed and germinate to produce new mycelium after falling on suitable substratum.

Question 20. (a) Name the common forms of basidiomycetes.
(b) What is the habitat of basidiomycetes?
(c) Which type of mycelium do they have?

Answer:

(a) Mushrooms, bracket fungi or puffballs are the common forms of basidiomycetes.

(b) They can grow in soil, on logs, tree stumps and live in plant bodies as parasite.

(c) The mycelium of these basidiomycetes is branched and septate.

Question 21. (a) In what way Neurospora is useful?
(b) Edible morels and truffles belong to which group of fungi?
(c) What is Contagium vivum fluidum?

Answer:

(a) Neurospora is used extensively in biochemical and genetic researches.

(b) Ascomycetes

(c) It is the extract of the infected plants of tobacco could cause infection in healthy plants, this fluid is called Contagium vivum fluidum (infectious living fluid). It was demonstrated by M.W. Beijerinek.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 22. (a) Give the symptoms of plant diseases caused by viruses.
(b) Name a disease caused by viroid.
(c) How algae and fungi take benefit from each other in association as lichens?

Answer:

(a) In plants, the symptoms of the viral disease are mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing, dwarfing and stunted growth.

(b) Potato spindle tuber disease.

(c) In this association, algae prepare food for fungi and fungi provides shelter and absorb mineral nutrients and water for its partner.

Question 23. (a) What are heterocysts?
(b) Write a note on dikaryophase.
(c) Differentiate kingdom Protista and Fungi in terms of their nutrition.

Answer:

(a) The cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialised cells called heterocysts.

(b) In the members of ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, an intervening diakaryotic stage (n + n, i.e., two nuclei per cell) occurs, such condition is called a dikaryon and the phase is called dikaryophase.

(c) Protista Fungi Mode of nutrition Autotrophic (Photosynthetic) Heterotrophic (Saprophytic and Heterotrophic /Parasitic)