Development and Environment Economics MCQs

Question. When poverty is taken in relative term and is related to the distribution of income consumption expenditure its called:
(a) Law line poverty
(b) Absolute poverty
(c) Relative poverty
(a) None

Answer: C

Question. The second stage of Demographic Transition Theory is characterized by
(a) High BR and high DR
(b) High BR and low DR
(c) Low BR and low DR
(d) Low BR and Low DR

Answer: B

Question. ______ are often used for measuring poverty in relative sense:
(a) HDI
(b) Gini co-efficient
(c) Planning Commission
(a) All of these

Answer: A

Question. .The demographic transition model was developed primarily to explain the:
(a) social and cultural changes resulting from high levels of in-migration.
(b) effect of population movement from rural to urban areas.
(c) population changes caused by large short-term changes in birth rates.
(d) effect of changing death and birth rates on total population.

Answer: D

Question. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.
i. Poverty line is defined as the mid-point of monthly per capita expenditure class having a daily calorie intake of 2400 calorie per person in urban areas.
ii. In rural areas, it is 2100 calories a day
(a) I only
(b) ii only
(c) both
(d) none

Answer: D

Question. Which year is called the demographic divide in India?
(a) 1881
(b) 1901
(c) 1921
(d) 1951

Answer: C

Question. Which period is referred to as period of population explosion
(a) 1901-1921
(b) 1921-1951
(c) 1951-1981
(d) 1981-2001

Answer: C

Question. EKC is
(a) A inverted U shaped curve showing increase in per capita as well as pollution
(b) A U shaped curve showing the level of development and carbon emission
(c) A U shaped curve showing relation between carbon emission and ozone layer depletion
(d) A bell shaped relationship between concentration of certain pollution emission and per capita real GDP

Answer: D

Question. Demographic Transition states that as a country becomes industrialed
(a) The death rate declines but not the birth rate
(b) The birth rate and death rate decline together
(c) The death rate decline and then the BR decline
(d) The BR declines and then the DR declines

Answer: D

Question. EIA stands for what?
(a) Environmental Impact Area
(b) Environment Impact Audit
(c) Ecologiacal Impact Assessment
(d) Environmental Impact Assessment

Answer: A

Question. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.
i. In the second stage of demographic transition, death rates declines.
ii. The difference between birth rate and death rate decreases
(a) I only
(b) ii only
(c) both
(d) none

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following explain the term economic development?
(a) Improvement in the technology involved
(b) Improve,ment in production
(c) Improvement in distributuin system
(d) All of the options

Answer: D

Question. World Population Day is observed on
(a) 15th August
(b) 11th July
(c) 26th January
(d) 25th December

Answer: B

Question. EIA is necessary because
(a) Development is bad for the environment
(b) There is growing interest in sustainability
(c) Environmental impacts of development are of public interest
(d) None of the options

Answer: C

Question. The primary reason for EIA is to
(a) Mitigate existing environmental impacts of development
(b) Predict the size of impacts of development
(c) Describe proposed development
(d) Identify the environmental consequences of development in advance

Answer: D

Question. Economic development refers to
(a) Economic growth
(b) Economic growth plus changes in output distribution and economic structure
(c) Sustainable increase in GNP
(d) Improvement in the well being of the urban population

Answer: C

Question. Which of the following is a method to measure relative poverty?
(a) Gini coefficient
(b) Lorenz curve
(c) Both a and b
(d) Poverty line

Answer: D

Question. EIA is mandatory under which one of the following India’s legislation
(a) Indian Forest Act
(b) Air Act
(c) Wildlife Protection Act
(d) Environment Protection Act

Answer: D

Question. The Hartwick Rule depends on
(a) The sustainability of physical capital and natural capital
(b) The goodwill of the future generation
(c) The substitutability of different forms of physical capital
(d) The maintenance of physical flows of certain key individual resources

Answer: A

Question. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.
i. According to the Malthusian theory, supply of food grains increase in geometric progression
ii. The population grows in arithmetic progression.
(a) I only
(b) ii only
(c) both
(d) none

Answer: D

Question. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.
i. According to the theory of demographic transition, in the first stage, birth rate is low but death rate is high
ii. The difference between them is high
(a) I only
(b) ii only
(c) both
(d) none

Answer: D

Question. Poverty is a
(a) Social problem
(b) Economic problem
(c) Political problem
(d) Religious problem

Answer: A

Question. In which stage in the demographin transition theory do death rates fall while birth rates remain high leading to rapid population growth?
(a) Stage 1
(b) Stage 4
(c) Stage 3
(d) Stage 2

Answer: D

Question. GIS is applied to study
(a) View shed analysis
(b) EIA
(c) Wildlife habitat analysis
(d) All of the options

Answer: B

Question. Consider the following statements and identify the right ones.
i. The third stage is the period of declining growth rates.
ii. The second stage of demographic transition witnesses population explosion
(a) I only
(b) ii only
(c) both
(d) none

Answer: C

Question. Arrange the birthrates of the states in the highest to lowest order.
(a) UP, Bihar, Rajasthan, Karnataka
(b) Bihar, UP, Rajasthan, Karnataka
(c) UP, Rajasthan, Bihar, Karnataka
(d) UP, Bihar, Karnataka, Rajasthan

Answer: A

Question. In which stage of demographic transition is the population growth rate highest?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth

Answer: B

Question. Economic development is characterized by
(a) Structural change in the economy
(b) Change in occupational structure
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the options

Answer: C

Question. The number of deaths per 1000 people in a year is called
(a) Mortality
(b) Death
(c) Crude death rate
(d) Zero population growth

Answer: C

Question. The author of the book An Essay on Principles of Population is
(a) Malthus
(b) James Princep
(c) Keynes
(d) Frank Notenstein

Answer: A

Question. Which of the following is the nodal Ministry to identify BPL families in urban areas?
(a) Ministry of Economic Affairs
(b) Ministry of Social Welfare
(c) Ministry of Housing and Poverty Alleviation
(d) Ministry of Urban Development

Answer: C

Question. The maximum number of individuals that can be supported by a given environment is called
(a) Environment stress
(b) Environment resistance
(c) Carrying capacity
(d) Human carrying capacity

Answer: C

Question. Who are responsible for the public consultation process of Environmental Impact Assessment
(a) State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)
(b) SPCB and District Collector
(c) SPCB and CPCB Chairman
(d) SPCB and Civil Society

Answer: B

Question. In EIA study, enterpretation and evaluation should consider
(a) Uncertainty of possible impacts
(b) Significance of measured impacts
(c) Comparison of alternatives
(d) All of the options

Answer: D

Question. Which of the following is associated with poverty estimation ?
(a) Tendulkar committee
(b) Lakdawala committee
(c) Saxena committee
(d) All of the options

Answer: A

Fill in the blanks :

Question. ____________is amongst the consequences of population growth that play major role in depleting the environment.
Answer: Poverty

Question. India is having ____of the world’s population.
Answer: 18%

Question. The relationship between environmental quality and economic development is explained in terms of ___________ .
Answer: Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis

Question. The projected population indicates that India will be a first most populous country in the world and __________will be the second country in 2050.
Answer: China

Question. _________is cause and consequence of environmental damage.
Answer: Pollution

Question. Economic development refers to sustainable increase in _____ .
Answer: GNP

Question. The second stage of Demographic Transition is characterised by ______ BR and _______ DR .
Answer: High; Low

Question. Population Explosion occurred during the _______________________of Demographic Transition.
Answer: Second stage

Question. In the first stage of demographic transition, the economy is an _________.
Answer: agrarian

Question. ____________ is called the Father of Demographic Studies.
Answer: Karl Marx

Question. Pollution of environment refers to presence of __________in the environment.
Answer: Pollutants

Question. India’s share of world’s area is __________ .
Answer: 2.4%

Question. World Population Day is celebrated on ______________ .
Answer: 11th July

Question. The population statistics in India indicate the year _________ as the year of Great Divide.
Answer: 1921

Question. ________ means very high growth of population.
Answer: Population Explosion

Question. Sex Ratio means number of females per_________males.
Answer: 1000

Question. The late PM Indira Gandhi once said ‘___________ is the main polluter’.
Answer: Polluter

Question. _________ was the first economist to formulate the Environmental Kuznets Hypothesis.
Answer: Vernon W. Ruttan

Question. One of the major causes of environmental degradation in India could be attributed to rapid growth of ____________ .
Answer: Population

Question. A stationary population is when population growth is __________.
Answer: Zero