Maharashtra Board Class 9 Geography Chapter 11 Transport and Communication PDF Download

11. Transport And Communication

Let's Recall

Complete the following table:

Teacher's Note

Different routes carry different things. For example, trucks carry vegetables on roads, but trains carry many vegetables at one time on railways.

Exam Trick

Remember: Each transport has its own job. Planes are fast but costly. Trains are slow but cheap. Choose what suits best.

Points To Remember

Roadways carry passengers and goods on land roads.
Railways carry many goods and people at low cost.
Airways are fast but very costly.
Waterways are cheap for carrying heavy goods.
Pipelines carry oil and gas under the ground.

Can You Tell?

We have given some specific conditions. In this context, tell with reasons which means of transport and route will you take?

You have to reach Bhopal from Nagpur due to some emergency.

You have to reach Kanyakumari carrying the message of cleanliness. There is no time limit for it.

Send the Alphonso mangoes from Konkan to Arab countries.

Indrayani variety of rice has to be exported from Pune to Cape Town of South Africa at low cost.

Large-scale production of vegetables in Nandurbar has taken place but is not fetching a good price. The Nagpur-Surat National Highway and the Surat-Bhusawal Railway line passes through the district.

Geographical Explanation

You must have realised that while travelling or transporting goods, we have to consider many things. If there are many ways and means of transport available, then we can think about those alternatives. There are roadways, railways, waterways, airways and pipelines by which transportation can be done.

Following factors should be kept in mind while selecting the routes and the means of transport.

Distance, duration, routes and means, cost, time, products, climate, market, and physiography are factors to be considered for transportation.

If we consider the above mentioned factors, then our time and money is saved during the journey or transport. Travelling becomes comfortable. Transport is done without any damage to the goods. The selling price to be paid by the customer is not decided by the cost of production only. It is decided by the transport cost and the production cost. The transport of freight should be done rapidly and safely. The price of the good can be kept low if the transportation is affordable.

Transportation is a basic infrastructure. Development of transportation infrastructure is an indicator of the development of the country or that region. The reforms in transport sector enhance the dynamicity of freight and passengers in a region. Also, industries and markets develop.

Teacher's Note

Transport helps goods reach shops near your home. Without transport, a tomato from a farm cannot reach your kitchen.

Exam Trick

Remember: Good transport = cheap goods in your market. Bad transport = expensive goods. Think about roads when prices go up.

Points To Remember

We must choose transport by looking at distance and cost.
Fast transport is good for fruit and vegetables.
Cheap transport is good for heavy goods like rice and coal.
Good roads mean good business for farmers and traders.
Transport makes a country develop fast.

Geographical Explanation

When you study the maps of physical structure, main roads and railways of the Satara district, you will understand the following issues.

The western part of the Satara district is occupied by the Sahyadris and its offshoots and its elevation is higher. Its topography is undulating. In this region, lies the extensive Shivsagar reservoir of the Koyna Dam.

The central and the eastern parts of the district are comparatively of lower and medium elevations.

Considering the physiography of the Satara district, the transport network is sparse in the west, whereas its density on the eastern side is medium. Comparatively, the central part of the district has a dense transport network. You may have noticed that a National Highway and a railway route pass through this part of the district. There are many road networks connecting the highway. You will realise that the physiography i.e. hills, valleys, rivers, etc. of a region affects its transport routes.

There is a correlation between transport routes and the physiography of a region. By studying the physiography of a region, we understand its accessibility and remoteness. Transport facilities can develop well in plains while areas with higher relief have limits on the development of transport routes.

Do You Know?

Green Corridor: It happens that sometimes a dead person has donated his organs. In such cases, such organs need to be transported from the donor's location to the receiver urgently. For this organ transfer, all types of routes are cleared of all obstacles. This is called Green Corridor. Consequently, rapid transport of the organ can save the receiver's life.

Do You Know?

RoRo (Roll-on Roll-off) Transport: Transportation can be done from one station to another station using railways. Freight transport is carried out on a large scale on national highways. The freight transport by trucks is costlier than railways. As a solution or via media the RoRo transport system has started being used in India. In this system, the trucks loaded with goods are transported to desired stations through a goods train. From there, the trucks take the goods ahead to desired locations. As railways are used for part of the distance cost of transport is reduced. Thus, cost of fuel and pollution caused by trucks can be reduced. The use of RoRo services started in Konkan railway for the first time in India.

Teacher's Note

Mountains and hills make transport hard and expensive. Plains make transport easy and cheap. This is why cities grow in plains.

Exam Trick

Remember: Hills = sparse roads. Plains = dense roads. Always link geography with transport when you see a map.

Points To Remember

Mountains have few transport routes because roads are hard to build.
Plains have many roads because they are flat and easy to build.
Rivers can stop road building so roads must go around them.
Good geography helps towns grow with good transport.
Transport networks show us where people live and work.

While reading a map, we can easily see the patterns of transport routes. We can see the distribution of transport routes in the form of dense network at some places and sparse networks at others. In some places, there are no transport routes at all. For what reasons does a region become devoid of any transport route? Why does a dense network develop in some regions? These questions can arise in our minds. To answer these, we need to see the physical map of the region too along with the transport map. When we read both the maps simultaneously, we get the answers to those questions.

Read the maps given in fig. 11.1 and fig. 11.2 and answer the following questions in your notebook:

In which region do you find a dense network of transport routes in the map?

How is the physiography of the region with dense network?

Which region has a sparse network of transport routes?

How is the physiography of this region?

Look for the region lacking transport routes.

What kind of obstruction can you find there?

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