Maharashtra Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Quadrilateral Constructions and Types Set 8.1 Solutions

Step-by-Step Textbook Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Quadrilateral Constructions and Types Set 8.1

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Construct the following quadrilaterals of given measures.

 

Question 1. In ΔMORE, l(MO) = 5.8 cm, l(OR) = 4.4 cm, m∠M = 58°, m∠O = 105°, m∠R = 90°.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख चतुर्भुज MORE के निर्माण को दर्शाता है। इसमें पहले एक कच्चा चित्र दिखाया गया है जिसमें दी गई भुजाओं (MO = 5.8 cm, OR = 4.4 cm) और कोणों (∠M = 58°, ∠O = 105°, ∠R = 90°) को दर्शाया गया है। उसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण चरणबद्ध तरीके से प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जिसमें रेखाखंड MO को आधार के रूप में खींचकर और फिर दिए गए कोणों तथा भुजाओं का उपयोग करके बिंदुओं R और E को सटीक रूप से निर्धारित किया गया है ताकि पूर्ण चतुर्भुज बन सके।
In simple words: To construct ΔMORE, first draw side MO. Then, use a protractor to draw angles at M and O. Mark the length OR on the ray from O and then construct the angle at R to find point E.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always start with a rough figure to visualize the quadrilateral and plan your construction steps, ensuring all given measurements are used accurately.

 

Question 2. Construct ADEFG such that l(DE) = 4.5 cm, l(EF) = 6.5 cm, l(DG) = 5.5 cm, l(DF) = 7.2 cm, l(EG) = 7.8 cm.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख चतुर्भुज DEFG के निर्माण को प्रदर्शित करता है। इसमें एक प्रारंभिक कच्चा चित्र शामिल है जो दी गई भुजाओं (DE = 4.5 cm, EF = 6.5 cm, DG = 5.5 cm) और विकर्णों (DF = 7.2 cm, EG = 7.8 cm) को दर्शाता है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण प्रक्रिया को विस्तार से दिखाया गया है, जहाँ पहले आधार DE खींचा जाता है, और फिर दिए गए भुजाओं और विकर्णों की लंबाई का उपयोग करके त्रिभुजों का निर्माण करते हुए बिंदुओं F और G को निर्धारित किया जाता है ताकि चतुर्भुज पूर्ण हो सके।
In simple words: For quadrilateral DEFG, construct triangles using the given side lengths and diagonals. First, form triangle DEF using DE, EF, and DF. Then, use DG and EG to locate point G relative to D and E, completing the quadrilateral.

🎯 Exam Tip: When constructing a quadrilateral with given sides and diagonals, break it down into constructing two triangles that share a common side or diagonal.

 

Question 3. In ∆ABCD, l(AB) = 6.4 cm, l(BC) = 4.8 cm, m∠A = 70°, m∠B = 50°, m∠C = 140°.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख चतुर्भुज ABCD के निर्माण को दर्शाता है। इसमें पहले एक कच्चा चित्र दिखाया गया है जिसमें दी गई भुजाओं (AB = 6.4 cm, BC = 4.8 cm) और कोणों (∠A = 70°, ∠B = 50°, ∠C = 140°) को दर्शाया गया है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण को चरणबद्ध तरीके से प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जिसमें रेखाखंड AB को आधार के रूप में खींचकर और फिर दिए गए कोणों तथा भुजाओं का उपयोग करके बिंदुओं C और D को सटीक रूप से निर्धारित किया गया है ताकि पूर्ण चतुर्भुज बन सके।
In simple words: Construct quadrilateral ABCD by drawing side AB, then angles at A and B. Mark length BC on the ray from B. From C, draw the given angle and from A, draw a ray to complete point D.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure precise angle measurements with a protractor. Errors in angle measurement can significantly distort the final shape of the quadrilateral.

 

Question 4. Construct LMNO such that l(LM) = l(LO) = 6 cm, l(ON) = l(NM) = 4.5 cm, l(OM) = 7.5 cm.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख चतुर्भुज LMNO के निर्माण को दर्शाता है, जो एक पतंग (kite) के समान है क्योंकि इसमें आसन्न भुजाओं के दो जोड़े बराबर हैं। एक प्रारंभिक कच्चा चित्र दिखाया गया है जिसमें दी गई भुजाओं (LM = LO = 6 cm, ON = NM = 4.5 cm) और विकर्ण (OM = 7.5 cm) को दर्शाया गया है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण प्रक्रिया को दर्शाया गया है, जिसमें पहले विकर्ण OM को आधार के रूप में खींचकर, फिर दी गई भुजाओं का उपयोग करके बिंदुओं L और N को निर्धारित किया जाता है ताकि चतुर्भुज पूर्ण हो सके।
In simple words: To construct LMNO, first draw the diagonal OM. Then, using compasses, draw arcs from O and M with radii 6 cm to find L, and with radii 4.5 cm to find N, completing the kite-shaped quadrilateral.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognizing specific quadrilateral types (like a kite in this case) can simplify construction, as it implies certain symmetry or properties that can be exploited.

 

Maharashtra Board Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Quadrilateral: Constructions And Types Practice Set 8.1 Intext Questions And Activities

 

Question 1. Construction of a triangle: Construct the triangles with given measures. (Textbook pg. no. 41)
(i) ∆ABC: l(AB) = 5 cm, l(BC) = 5.5, l(AC) = 6 cm.

Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख त्रिभुज ABC के निर्माण को दर्शाता है। इसमें पहले एक कच्चा चित्र दिखाया गया है जिसमें दी गई भुजाओं (AB = 5 cm, BC = 5.5 cm, AC = 6 cm) को दर्शाया गया है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण प्रक्रिया को चरणबद्ध तरीके से प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जिसमें रेखाखंड BC को आधार के रूप में खींचा जाता है, और फिर दिए गए भुजाओं की लंबाई के अनुसार बिंदुओं B और C से चाप (arcs) खींचकर बिंदु A को निर्धारित किया जाता है ताकि त्रिभुज पूर्ण हो सके।
Steps of construction:
Step 1 : As shown in the rough figure, draw seg BC of length 5.5 cm as the base.
Step 2 : By taking a distance of 5 cm on the compass and placing the metal tip of the compass on point B, draw an arc on one side of BC.
Step 3: By taking a distance 6 cm on the compass and placing the metal tip of the compass on point C and draw an arc such that it intersects the previous arc. Name the point as A.
Step 4: Draw segments AB and AC to get the triangle. ΔABC is the required triangle.
In simple words: To construct a triangle given three sides, draw one side as the base. Then, from each end of the base, draw arcs with the lengths of the other two sides. The intersection of these arcs gives the third vertex.

🎯 Exam Tip: Accuracy in drawing arcs with the correct radii from the respective vertices is crucial for the precise construction of a triangle when three sides are given.

 

(ii) ADEF: m∠D = 35°, m∠F = 100°, l(DF) = 4.8 cm.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख त्रिभुज DEF के निर्माण को प्रदर्शित करता है। इसमें एक प्रारंभिक कच्चा चित्र शामिल है जो दी गई एक भुजा (DF = 4.8 cm) और दो कोणों (∠D = 35°, ∠F = 100°) को दर्शाता है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण प्रक्रिया को दर्शाया गया है, जहाँ पहले आधार DF खींचा जाता है, फिर बिंदुओं D और F पर दिए गए कोणों के अनुसार किरणें (rays) खींची जाती हैं। इन किरणों का प्रतिच्छेदन बिंदु E को निर्धारित करता है, जिससे त्रिभुज पूर्ण होता है।
Steps of construction:
Step 1: As shown in the rough figure, draw seg DF of length 4.8 cm as the base.
Step 2 : Placing the centre of the protractor at point D, mark point P such that m∠PDF = 35°.
Step 3: Placing the centre of the protractor at point F, mark point Q such that m∠QFD = 100°.
Step 4: Draw ray DP and ray FQ. Name their point of intersection as E.
ADEF is required triangle.
In simple words: Construct triangle DEF by drawing side DF. Then, use a protractor to draw angles at D and F. The point where the rays from these angles intersect will be the third vertex, E.

🎯 Exam Tip: When constructing a triangle with two angles and the included side (ASA criterion), ensure the protractor is precisely aligned at each vertex for accurate angle drawing.

 

(iii) ∆MNP: l(MP) = 6.2 cm, l(NP) = 4.5 cm, m∠P = 75°.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख त्रिभुज MNP के निर्माण को दिखाता है। इसमें एक कच्चा चित्र दिया गया है जो दी गई दो भुजाओं (MP = 6.2 cm, NP = 4.5 cm) और उनके बीच के कोण (∠P = 75°) को दर्शाता है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण चरणों को प्रस्तुत किया गया है, जहाँ पहले आधार NP खींचा जाता है, फिर बिंदु P पर दिए गए कोण को मापा जाता है, और फिर बिंदु P से भुजा MP की लंबाई के अनुसार बिंदु M को चिह्नित किया जाता है ताकि त्रिभुज MNP पूरा हो सके।
Steps of construction:
Step 1 : As shown in the rough figure, draw seg PN of length 4.5 cm as the base.
Step 2: Placing the centre of the protractor at point P, mark point Q such that m∠QPN = 75°.
Step 3: By taking a distance of 6.2 cm on the compass and placing the metal tip at point P, draw an arc on ray PQ. Name the point as M.
Step 4: Draw seg MN to get the triangle. ΔMNP is the required triangle.
In simple words: To construct triangle MNP, draw side NP. At point P, draw an angle of 75°. Along the ray of this angle, mark point M at a distance of 6.2 cm from P. Connect M and N to complete the triangle.

🎯 Exam Tip: For SAS construction, ensure that the angle drawn is precisely between the two given sides. Any error in angle placement will result in an incorrect triangle.

 

(iv) ΔXYZ: m∠Y = 90°, l(XY) = 4.2 cm, l(XZ) = 7 cm.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख समकोण त्रिभुज XYZ के निर्माण को दर्शाता है। इसमें एक कच्चा चित्र दिखाया गया है जिसमें समकोण (∠Y = 90°), एक भुजा (XY = 4.2 cm) और कर्ण (XZ = 7 cm) को दर्शाया गया है। इसके बाद, वास्तविक निर्माण के चरण प्रस्तुत किए गए हैं, जहाँ पहले आधार XY खींचा जाता है, फिर बिंदु Y पर 90° का कोण बनाया जाता है, और फिर बिंदु X से कर्ण XZ की लंबाई (7 cm) के अनुसार एक चाप खींचकर बिंदु Z को निर्धारित किया जाता है ताकि समकोण त्रिभुज पूर्ण हो सके।
Steps of construction:
Step 1: As shown in the rough figure, draw seg XY of 4.2 cm as the base.
Step 2 : Placing the centre of the protractor at point Y, mark point Q such that m∠QYX = 90°.
Step 3: By taking a distance of 7 cm on the compass and placing the metal tip on point X, draw an arc on ray YQ. Name the point as Z.
Step 4: Draw seg XZ to get the triangle. ΔXYZ is the required triangle.
In simple words: To construct right-angled triangle XYZ, draw side XY. At Y, construct a 90° angle. From X, draw an arc with radius 7 cm (hypotenuse) to intersect the ray from Y, marking point Z. Connect XZ.

🎯 Exam Tip: When constructing a right-angled triangle with a hypotenuse and one side, ensure the right angle is formed correctly. The hypotenuse arc should start from the vertex opposite the right angle.

MSBSHSE Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Quadrilateral Constructions and Types Set 8.1

Official MSBSHSE Solutions for Chapter 8 Quadrilateral Constructions and Types Set 8.1

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