Maharashtra Board Class 8 Geography Chapter 8 Industries PDF Download

Industries

What Are Industries?

In figure 8.1 the sequence of two industrial processes has been given. Arrange the pictures in proper sequence and write the sequential number in the box given below.

Name the two industries

Name the raw material and the finished product of both these industries.

How is the raw material converted into the finished product?

Why is it necessary to convert the raw material into finished product?

Geographical Explanation

The process of converting the available raw material into finished products is done in the factories. The finished product is durable, more useful and has an added value. Industries or manufacturing units provide secondary occupation. Due to the availability of resources, development of science and technology and other favourable conditions, there is the development of industries and a boost to industrialization. Industries help in speeding up the economic development of humans and it also helps in achieving the economic development of a country.

Teacher's Note

Industries change raw things into useful products. For example, sugarcane becomes sugar in a sugar factory near your village.

Exam Trick

Remember: Raw material goes in, finished product comes out. Like flour goes into the mill and comes out as bread.

Points to Remember

Industries convert raw materials into finished products.
Finished products are more useful than raw materials.
Industries provide jobs to people.
Industries help countries become rich and strong.

Factors Affecting The Location Of An Industry

Taking into account the above factors, note in different colours the favourable factors required for the factories and given below and the following.

(1) Iron and Steel, (2) Textiles, (3) Sugar.

For each industry prepare a list of the necessary factors.

For each industry give an explanation for the location suggested by you.

In a similar manner for which other industries can you decide a suitable location?

Geographical Explanation

In any given area the development of industries is dependant on several factors such as the availability of raw material, water, labour, transport, capital, market etc. As per the availability of these factors, specific industries develop. Because of the unequal distribution of these factors, industrial development does not take place at the same pace at all places. Some regions are suitable for the development of industries while in other regions, only particular industries develop. Dense forests and desert areas are not conducive to industrial development.

Teacher's Note

Industries need many things to work well. A sugar factory needs sugarcane, water, workers, and roads to send sugar to shops.

Exam Trick

Remember: Location means where to put the factory. Always check for raw material first. If sugarcane is here, put the sugar factory here.

Points to Remember

Raw material is the first thing needed for a factory.
Water and electricity are very important for industries.
Workers and good roads help factories work better.
Markets help sell finished products.
Some areas are good for factories, some are not.

Localization Of Iron And Steel Industry

While looking for answers to the above questions you must have realised that for the localisation of the iron and steel industry, the most important factors are the availability of raw material and energy, both of which are available around Jamshedpur. The raw material is heavy and bulky and it is uneconomical to transport it to a factory far away. Hence it is favourable to establish this industry in the area where the raw material is available. This is the reason for the establishment of the iron and steel industry at Jamshedpur.

Teacher's Note

The iron and steel factory at Jamshedpur works because iron ore is found near there. Moving heavy iron ore costs too much money.

Exam Trick

Remember: Heavy materials stay close. If something is heavy and bulky, the factory must be near the raw material, not far away.

Points to Remember

Jamshedpur has the iron and steel industry.
Iron ore and coal are found near Jamshedpur.
Moving heavy materials is very costly.
Factories are built where raw materials are found.
This saves money and time.

This is a preview of the first 3 pages. To get the complete book, click below.