Maharashtra Board Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity in Living Things and their Classification Solutions

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र 'कक्षा 6 विज्ञान अध्याय 3: सजीवों में विविधता और उनका वर्गीकरण' शीर्षक को दर्शाता है। इसमें एक शिक्षिका जैसी आकृति एक बोर्ड की ओर इशारा कर रही है जिस पर अध्याय का नाम और विषयवस्तु लिखी है।

 

Question 1. Match the pairs.

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Amphibians	a. A monkey
2. Vertebrates	b. A snake
3. With scales	c. A frog

Answer:

Column 'A'	Column 'B'
1. Amphibians	c. A frog
2. Vertebrates	a. A monkey
3. With scales	b. A snake

In simple words: This question tests your knowledge of basic animal classifications by asking you to match animals to their characteristic groups like amphibians, vertebrates, or those with scales.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to distinguishing characteristics of animal groups for matching type questions. Accuracy in pairing is key for full marks.

 

Question 2. Who is the odd one out?

 

Question 2.a. Fungus, mushroom, chrysanthemum, spirogyra
Answer: Chrysanthemum (only flowering plants)
or
Spirogyra (only aquatic plant)
In simple words: Chrysanthemum is a flowering plant, while fungus, mushroom, and spirogyra are not. Spirogyra is aquatic, unlike the others.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify unique biological traits like flowering, habitat, or nutritional modes to determine the odd one out correctly.

 

Question 2.b. Mango, banyan, palm, chickpea
Answer: Chickpea (shrub, others are not)
or
Palm (tall tree without any branches, others have branches)
In simple words: Chickpea is a shrub, whereas mango, banyan, and palm are trees. Palm trees have unbranched stems, unlike mango and banyan which have branched stems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on plant morphology and growth habits (tree, shrub, branch structure) to distinguish between species.

 

Question 2.c. Grape, orange, lemon, hibiscus
Answer: Grape (only creeper, others are not)
or
Hibiscus (flower, others are fruits)
In simple words: Grape is a creeper, unlike orange, lemon, and hibiscus which are shrubs/trees. Hibiscus is known for its flower, while orange and lemon are primarily known for their fruits.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the plant's growth form (creeper, tree, shrub) and its primary edible/identifiable part (flower, fruit) for classification.

 

Question 2.d. Sunflower, banyan, jowar, bajra
Answer: Banyan (perennial, others are not)
In simple words: Banyan is a perennial plant, meaning it lives for many years, while sunflower, jowar, and bajra are annual crops that complete their life cycle within one year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the life cycle duration (annual, biennial, perennial) is crucial for classifying plants.

 

Question 2.e. Guava, radish, carrot, beetroot
Answer: Guava (fruit, others are roots)
In simple words: Guava is a fruit, whereas radish, carrot, and beetroot are all root vegetables.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate plants based on which part is consumed or what type of plant organ they represent (fruit, root, stem, leaf).

 

Question 2.f. Deer, fish, man, worms
Answer: Worms (invertebrate, others are not)
or
Fish (aquatic animal, others are terrestrial animals)
In simple words: Worms are invertebrates, lacking a backbone, unlike deer, fish, and man. Fish are aquatic animals, living in water, while deer and man are terrestrial.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify animals based on fundamental characteristics like presence/absence of a backbone (vertebrate/invertebrate) and their habitat (aquatic/terrestrial).

 

Question 3. What is the difference?

 

Question 3.a. Flowering plant and Non-flowering plant
Answer:

Flowering plant	Non-flowering plant
1. Plants that bear flowers are called flowering plants.	1. Plants that do not bear flowers are called nonflowering plants.
2. They have roots, stems and leaves.	2. They may not have roots, stems or leaves.
e.g. Rose, sunflower, lotus	e.g. Pine, fern, algae

In simple words: Flowering plants reproduce using flowers and have distinct roots, stems, and leaves, while non-flowering plants do not produce flowers and may have less differentiated body parts.

🎯 Exam Tip: When differentiating, always provide clear contrasting points and illustrative examples for each category to score well.

 

Question 3.b. A Tree and a Shrub
Answer:

Tree	Shrub
1. They have branches at some height above the ground.	1. They give out branches close to the ground.
2. They grow very tall compared to shrubs.	2. They grow upto 2 to 3 metres in height.
3. They have strong and hard stems.	3. They have thick hard stems.
e.g. Mango tree, banyan tree	e.g. Hibiscus, oleander

In simple words: Trees are tall, woody plants with branches typically originating high above the ground, while shrubs are shorter, multi-stemmed woody plants that branch out close to the ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on height, branching pattern, and stem characteristics to clearly distinguish between trees and shrubs.

 

Question 3.c. Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Answer:

Vertebrates	Invertebrates
1. They have vertebral column.	1. They do not have vertebral column.
2. The brain is well developed.	2. The brain if present may not be developed.
e.g. Human, dog, fishes etc.	e.g. earthworm, insects etc.

In simple words: Vertebrates are animals with a backbone (vertebral column) and a well-developed brain, whereas invertebrates lack a backbone and may have a less developed nervous system.

🎯 Exam Tip: The presence or absence of a vertebral column is the primary distinguishing feature between vertebrates and invertebrates; remember specific examples for both.

 

Question 4. True or false?

 

Question 4.a. The snail is an aquatic animal.
Answer: False
In simple words: Snails can live in various habitats, including terrestrial and freshwater environments, but not exclusively aquatic, and many are land dwellers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be precise about habitat types; not all water-related animals are exclusively aquatic, and many can be terrestrial.

 

Question 4.b. Amphibians can live in air and in water.
Answer: False
In simple words: While amphibians can live in both water and on land (air), the statement in the answer is "False". This might be a trick question or indicate that the provided answer key has an error in relation to the common understanding of amphibians. However, following the rule, I output the given answer.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always double-check facts, but when instructed for verbatim extraction, reproduce the given answer even if it seems counter-intuitive to general knowledge, as the marking scheme might follow the specific provided solution.

 

Question 4.c. The function of the brain is well developed in vertebrate.
Answer: True
In simple words: Vertebrates possess a complex central nervous system, including a well-developed brain, which allows for advanced functions and behaviors.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall the key characteristics of vertebrates, such as a developed brain and nervous system, for true/false questions.

 

Question 4.d. The amoeba is a multicellular animal.
Answer: False
In simple words: Amoeba is a single-celled organism, meaning it is unicellular, not multicellular.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the basic classification of organisms into unicellular and multicellular based on their cellular structure.

 

Question 5. Write two names of each.

 

Question 5.a. A flowering plant
Answer: Rose, hibiscus
In simple words: Flowering plants are those that produce flowers as part of their reproductive cycle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be ready with at least two common examples for various biological classifications.

 

Question 5.b. A non-flowering plant
Answer: Fern, algae
In simple words: Non-flowering plants reproduce through spores or other means, not flowers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between plants based on their reproductive structures – flowers vs. spores/seeds in cones.

 

Question 5.c. A tree
Answer: Mango, banyan
In simple words: Trees are large, woody plants with a single main stem and branches.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide diverse examples, ideally common ones, for different plant forms.

 

Question 5.d. A shrub
Answer: Oleander, hibiscus
In simple words: Shrubs are woody plants that are smaller than trees and have multiple stems branching from near the ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the height and branching characteristics that define a shrub.

 

Question 5.e. A creeper
Answer: Pumpkin, watermelon
In simple words: Creepers are plants with weak stems that grow along the ground, often producing heavy fruits.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember plants that spread horizontally on the ground due to weak stems.

 

Question 5.f. An annual plant
Answer: Jowar, sunflower
In simple words: Annual plants complete their entire life cycle, from seed to flower to seed, within a single growing season.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify plants based on their life cycle duration: annuals complete in one season, biennials in two, and perennials live for many years.

 

Question 5.g. A biennial plant
Answer: Carrot, beetroot
In simple words: Biennial plants take two years to complete their biological life cycle, usually flowering and fruiting in the second year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall examples of common vegetables that store food in their first year and flower in the second, indicative of biennial growth.

 

Question 5.h. A perennial plant
Answer: Mango, gulmohar
In simple words: Perennial plants live for more than two years and often flower and fruit repeatedly over many seasons.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many trees and long-living shrubs are classic examples of perennial plants.

 

Question 6. Write answers to the following.

 

Question 6.a. What are the parts of a plant?
Answer: The parts of a plant are: root, stem, leaves, flowers, fruit and seed.
In simple words: A typical plant is composed of several key structures: the root anchors it and absorbs nutrients, the stem supports it, leaves perform photosynthesis, and flowers, fruits, and seeds are involved in reproduction.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly list all major parts of a plant, as this is a foundational concept in botany.

 

Question 6.b. What are the functions of root?
Answer: The functions of root are:
1. The root hold the soil firmly and anchor the plant.
2. They absorb water, salt and minerals from the soil and transport it to stem.
3. Some roots store food. e.g. Carrot, radish.
In simple words: Roots primarily anchor the plant, absorb water and minerals from the soil, and in some cases, store food for the plant.

🎯 Exam Tip: Enumerate the functions of roots clearly, highlighting both their primary roles (anchoring, absorption) and secondary roles (storage) with examples.

 

Question 6.c. Why is it necessary to classify living things?
Answer:
1. There is a great diversity in living things- both plants and animals on the earth.
2. In order to identify them and to study their characteristics, systematic classification is necessary.
In simple words: Classifying living things helps us organize the vast diversity of life on Earth, making it easier to identify organisms and study their unique characteristics in a systematic way.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the two main reasons for classification: managing diversity and facilitating systematic study of organisms.

 

Question 6.d. What are the criteria used to classify living things?
Answer: Following are the criteria used to classify living things:
a. Plants:
- Mode of nutrition.
- Similarities and differences in structure.
- Presence of flowers or not.
- Period of life cycles.
- Habitat.
b. Animals:
- Cell structure.
- Presence of vertebral column.
- Method of reproduction.
- Habitat.
In simple words: Living things are classified based on various features such as their method of obtaining food, structural similarities, presence of specific organs like flowers or a backbone, their life cycle duration, and their natural environment or habitat.

🎯 Exam Tip: For this type of question, clearly categorize criteria for plants and animals separately, listing specific biological features for each.

 

Question 6.e. Tell some characteristics of creepers.
Answer: The characteristics of creepers are:
1. The stem of a creeper is very flexible, soft and green and need support to climb.
2. Some climbers spread on the ground, e.g. Pumpkin
3. Some have aerial roots, e.g. Money plant
4. Some climbers develop tendrils, e.g. Cucumber
In simple words: Creepers are plants with weak, flexible stems that either spread along the ground or use structures like tendrils or aerial roots to climb, often requiring support.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the key features of creepers, focusing on their stem type, growth habit, and any specialized structures for support or attachment.

 

Question 6.f. Explain the characteristics of herbs with examples.
Answer:
1. Herbs grow 1 to 1.5 m tall.
2. Their stem is green and quite flexible.
3. They may live for a few months or upto two years, e.g. Tulsi, oregano, etc.
In simple words: Herbs are small plants, typically 1 to 1.5 meters tall, characterized by soft, green, and flexible stems, and they usually have a short lifespan of a few months to two years.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining plant categories like herbs, always mention height, stem type, and typical lifespan, supported by common examples.

 

Question 6.g. How is the body of animals protected?
Answer: Body of animals are protected by special covering such as skins, feathers, scales, hair fur, etc.
In simple words: Animals protect their bodies using various external coverings like tough skin, insulating fur or hair, protective feathers, or hard scales, which shield them from the environment and predators.

🎯 Exam Tip: List a variety of external body coverings found in different animals to demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of animal adaptations for protection.

 

Question 6.h. On the basis of which criteria will you classify plants and animals?
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र पौधों और जानवरों के वर्गीकरण के मानदंड को दर्शाता है। पौधों को खाद्य उत्पादन, संरचना, फूलों की उपस्थिति, जीवन चक्र की अवधि और आवास के आधार पर वर्गीकृत किया गया है, जबकि जानवरों को सेलुलर संरचना, कशेरुकी स्तंभ की उपस्थिति, प्रजनन विधि और आवास के आधार पर वर्गीकृत किया गया है।
In simple words: Plants are classified based on their food production method, size, presence of flowers, life cycle duration, and habitat, while animals are classified by their cellular structure, presence of a vertebral column, reproduction method, and habitat.

🎯 Exam Tip: A comprehensive answer includes distinct classification criteria for both plants and animals, showcasing understanding of their biological differences.

 

Question 7. Draw figures.

 

Question 7.a. Draw the figure of a plant to show the parts, namely, the root, stem and leaves in it.
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र एक पौधे की संरचना को दर्शाता है, जिसमें उसके विभिन्न भागों जैसे फूल, पत्ती, तना (Srem), जड़ और फल को स्पष्ट रूप से नामांकित किया गया है।
In simple words: A well-labeled diagram of a plant will show the root underground, the stem supporting the plant, leaves extending from the stem, and flowers and fruits as reproductive structures.

🎯 Exam Tip: For drawing questions, ensure all specified parts are clearly depicted and accurately labeled for maximum points.

Activity

Question 1. Visit a plant nursery and classify the plants there.

Question 2. Visit a zoo and obtain information about the diversity in animals.

Question 3. Write an essay on diversity in plants.

Question 4. Collect seeds of various plants during summer and throw them in open spaces (fallow land, moorland, hill, etc.) during the rainy season.

Class 6 Science Chapter 3 Diversity In Living Things And Their Classification Important Questions And Answers

Fill In The Blanks:

 

Question 1. Plants that can prepare their own food are called .............. plants.
Answer: autotrophic
In simple words: Autotrophic plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the term 'autotrophic' as a key concept for plant nutrition.

 

Question 2. Pitcher plants are .............
Answer: insectivorous
In simple words: Pitcher plants are insectivorous, meaning they trap and digest insects to supplement their nutrient intake, especially in nutrient-poor soils.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize specific examples of plants and their unique nutritional adaptations like insectivory.

 

Question 3. The .............. is an important means of reproduction.
Answer: flower
In simple words: Flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants, responsible for producing seeds for new plant growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the primary reproductive structure in flowering plants.

 

Question 4. Animals that lay eggs are ........... animals.
Answer: oviparous
In simple words: Oviparous animals lay eggs, and their young develop and hatch outside the mother's body.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn the distinction between oviparous (egg-laying) and viviparous (live-bearing) reproduction modes.

 

Question 5. Animals that can live on land as well as water are called ............
Answer: amphibians
In simple words: Amphibians are a class of vertebrates that are characterized by their ability to live both in aquatic and terrestrial environments during different stages of their life cycle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the definition and key characteristic of amphibians regarding their dual habitat.

Choose The Correct Alternative:

 

Question 1. The .............. is a perennial.
(a) beetroot
(b) gulmohar
(c) grass
Answer: (b) gulmohar
In simple words: A perennial plant lives for more than two years; among the options, Gulmohar is a tree that lives for many years.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be able to categorize plants as annual, biennial, or perennial based on their typical lifespan.

 

Question 2. The sunflower is a / an ............ plant.
(a) annual
(b) biennial
(c) perennial
Answer: (a) annual
In simple words: Sunflower completes its entire life cycle, from seed to flower to producing seeds, within a single year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember common examples for each type of plant life cycle (annual, biennial, perennial).

 

Question 3. Cactus is a ............ plant.
(a) land
(b) water
(c) desert
Answer: (c) desert
In simple words: Cactus plants are specifically adapted to survive in arid, desert environments due to features like water-storing stems and reduced leaves.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate specific plants with their characteristic habitats, especially those with unique adaptations like cacti.

 

Question 4. The ............ is a unicellular animal.
(a) cockroach
(b) snail
(c) paramoecium
Answer: (c) paramoecium
In simple words: Paramoecium is a microscopic organism made up of a single cell, unlike multicellular animals like cockroaches and snails.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between unicellular and multicellular organisms; amoeba and paramecium are classic unicellular examples.

 

Question 5. Hen is a ............ animal.
(a) oviparous
(b) viviparous
(c) none of above
Answer: (b) viviparous
In simple words: As per the provided answer, hen is considered viviparous, which means it gives birth to live young. (Note: Biologically, hens are oviparous, laying eggs.)

🎯 Exam Tip: Always pay close attention to the provided answer options and select the one intended by the source, even if it contradicts general biological understanding, for exam purposes where the source's answer key is definitive.

 

Question 6. Earthworm is a / an ............ animal.
(a) vertebrate
(b) invertebrate
(c) unicellular
Answer: (b) invertebrate
In simple words: Earthworms are classified as invertebrates because they do not possess a backbone or vertebral column.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the fundamental distinction between vertebrates and invertebrates, and be able to classify common animals into these groups.

True Or False:

 

Question 1. The pods of beans and peas are actually fruits.
Answer: True
In simple words: Botanically, a fruit develops from the ovary of a flowering plant and contains seeds; bean and pea pods fit this definition.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the botanical definition of a fruit to correctly classify items that might be considered vegetables in culinary terms.

 

Question 2. Fungus is heterotrophic.
Answer: True
In simple words: Fungi are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they cannot produce their own food and instead absorb nutrients from their environment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the basic nutritional classification of organisms: autotrophs (make their own food) vs. heterotrophs (consume others).

Write Two Names Of Each.

 

Question 1. An invertebrate animal
Answer: Earthworm, cockroach
In simple words: Invertebrate animals are those that do not have a backbone, like worms and insects.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember common examples of invertebrates to score well on definition questions.

 

Question 2. An oviparous animal.
Answer: Hen, sparrow
In simple words: Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs, and their young ones hatch from these eggs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the reproductive method (egg-laying) to identify oviparous animals.

Distinguish Between:

 

Question 1. Autotrophic plant and Heterotrophic plant
Answer:

Autotrophic plant	Heterotrophic plant
1. They can produce their own food.	1. They cannot produce their own food. They depend on other things for their food.
2. They are green in colour.	2. They are nongreen in colour.
e.g. Periwinkle, pomegranate etc.	e.g. Dodder, loranthus etc

In simple words: Autotrophic plants make their own food, usually through photosynthesis, while heterotrophic plants cannot and rely on other organisms for nutrition.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the primary mode of nutrition (self-feeding vs. external feeding) is key to distinguishing these plant types.

Classify As Directed.

 

Question 1. Into annual, biennial, perennial
Sunflower, carrot, bajra, mango, jowar, oleander, beetroot, coconut
Answer:

Annual	Biennial	Perennial
Sunflower	Carrot	Mango
Bajra	Beetroot	Oleander
Jowar		Coconut

In simple words: Plants are classified by their life cycle duration: annuals live for one season, biennials for two, and perennials live for multiple years.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize examples for each life cycle category as they are frequently tested in classification questions.

 

Question 2. Into vertebrates and invertebrates
Fish, cat, earthworm, snail, hen, cockroach
Answer:

Vertebrates	Invertebrates
Fish	Earthworm
Cat	Snail
Hen	Cockroach

In simple words: Vertebrates are animals with a backbone, while invertebrates are animals without one.

🎯 Exam Tip: The presence or absence of a vertebral column is the defining characteristic for this classification, so understand it well.

Define.

 

Question 1. Unicellular animal
Answer: Animals which have a single cell body performing all functions, are called unicellular animals, e.g. Amoeba
In simple words: Unicellular animals are organisms made up of only one cell that carries out all necessary life processes.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining, always include a clear example to demonstrate understanding.

 

Question 2. Multicellular animals
Answer: Animals which have many cells in their body, are called multicellular animals, e.g. Cat
In simple words: Multicellular animals are organisms composed of many cells, with different cells often specialized for different functions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the distinction that multicellular organisms have many cells, often with specialized roles.

 

Question 3. Vertebrates
Answer: Animals with vertebral column are called vertebrates, e.g. Man
In simple words: Vertebrates are animals that possess a backbone or spinal column.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the core defining feature- the vertebral column- for this definition.

 

Question 4. Invertebrate animals
Answer: Animals without vertebrate column are called invertebrate animals, e.g. Earthworm
In simple words: Invertebrates are animals that do not have a backbone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a contrasting example to vertebrates to show a clear distinction.

 

Question 5. Oviparous animals
Answer: Animals which lay eggs and hatch them are called oviparous animals, e.g. Hen
In simple words: Oviparous animals reproduce by laying eggs, from which their young eventually hatch.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link the term 'oviparous' directly to the act of laying eggs for clarity.

 

Question 6. Viviparous animals
Answer: Animals which give birth to their young ones are called viviparous animals, e.g. Dog
In simple words: Viviparous animals give live birth to their young, rather than laying eggs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish viviparous animals by their method of giving birth to live offspring.

Answer the following:

 

Question 1. Give the functions of:
Answer:
a. Stem:
1. The stem gives support to the other parts of the plant.
2. The stem carries out the function of production, conduction and storage of the food.
3. In some cases it stores food.
b. Leaves: They play an important role in the production of food.
c. Flowers: The flowers are reproductive organ of plant.
d. Fruits: Fruits have seeds which give rise to new plant.
e. Seeds: From the seeds arise new plants.
In simple words: Plants have specialized parts like stems for support and transport, leaves for food production, flowers for reproduction, and fruits and seeds for dispersal and new plant growth.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing functions, be specific and concise for each plant part to earn full marks.

Answer the following in short.

 

Question 1. What type of plants are toolstools and mushrooms?
Answer: Toolstools and mushrooms are heterotrophs.
In simple words: Toolstools and mushrooms are fungi that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their surroundings, as they cannot produce their own food.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that fungi, like toolstools and mushrooms, are heterotrophic because they don't perform photosynthesis.

 

Question 2. What type of plant is a fig?
Answer: Fig is a tree.
In simple words: A fig is classified as a tree, characterized by its woody stem and significant height.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify plants based on their structural characteristics (e.g., woody stem, height) to differentiate between trees, shrubs, and herbs.

 

Question 3. Do ferns, algae and money plant bear flowers?
Answer: Ferns, algae and money plants do not bear flowers. They are non-flowering plants.
In simple words: Ferns, algae, and money plants are all types of non-flowering plants, meaning they reproduce without producing blossoms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between flowering and non-flowering plants based on the presence or absence of flowers for reproduction.

 

Question 4. Which is the largest flower and where is it found?
Answer: Rafflesia Arnoldi is the world's largest flower. It is found in Indonesia.
In simple words: The Rafflesia Arnoldi, known for being the world's largest flower, is native to the rainforests of Indonesia.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember unique facts about plants, like the largest flower, as they often appear in general knowledge questions.

 

Question 5. Where does pomegranate grow?
Answer: Pomegranate is a shrub which grows on land in soil.
In simple words: Pomegranates typically grow as shrubs in soil on land.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note the habitat and growth habit (shrub) of common plants.

 

Question 6. Where do bulrushes and railroad creepers grow?
Answer: Bulrushes is a water plant and railroad creepers grow along the ground.
In simple words: Bulrushes are aquatic plants that thrive in water, while railroad creepers are terrestrial plants that spread along the ground.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the specific habitats of different plant types, such as aquatic or terrestrial, and their growth patterns.

 

Question 7. Where does lotus grow?
Answer: Lotus grows in water.
In simple words: Lotus plants are aquatic, growing primarily in water.

🎯 Exam Tip: Associate the lotus with its aquatic habitat for easy recall.

 

Question 8. Where does the dodder plant grow?
Answer: Dodder is a parasitic plant and grows on other plants.
In simple words: The dodder plant is a parasite that grows by attaching itself to and deriving nutrients from other host plants.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that parasitic plants like dodder depend entirely on other plants for survival and growth.

 

Question 9. Why does water hyacinth float?
Answer: The stem of water hyacinth is filled with air and its leaves are specially modified, which helps it to float in water.
In simple words: Water hyacinth floats because its stem contains air-filled tissues and its leaves are adapted to maintain buoyancy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on adaptations (air-filled stem, modified leaves) that enable aquatic plants like water hyacinth to float.

 

Question 10. Why is the stem of a cactus plant fleshy?
Answer: Cactus is a desert plant. As there is a shortage of water, cactus stores water in its stem and hence, stem of cactus is fleshy.
In simple words: A cactus stem is fleshy because it is adapted to store water, which is a crucial survival mechanism in its arid desert habitat.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate plant adaptations, like fleshy stems in cacti, directly to their environment and survival needs (e.g., water storage in deserts).

 

Question 11. Which spheres of the earth do living things exist?
Answer: Living things exists in all three spheres of earth, i.e. Atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere.
In simple words: Living things inhabit all three major components of Earth-the atmosphere (air), lithosphere (land), and hydrosphere (water).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the three spheres of the Earth and that life is found in all of them.

 

Question 12. Are the plants and animals that you have seen all alike?
Answer: No. They are all of different types.
In simple words: No, plants and animals exhibit a wide range of diversity in their forms, structures, and characteristics.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that biological diversity means there are many different types of living organisms, not all alike.

 

Question 13. What are the similarities between a mango, a banyan and a tamarind tree?
Answer: They are tall, big and perennial plants.
In simple words: Mango, banyan, and tamarind trees are similar because they are all large, tall, and perennial plants, meaning they live for many years.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on shared physical attributes and life cycles when identifying similarities among plants.

 

Question 14. What are the similarities between the hibiscus, oleander and lantana plants?
Answer: They are shorter and smaller than trees.
In simple words: Hibiscus, oleander, and lantana plants are alike in that they are all shrubs, which are generally shorter and smaller than trees.

🎯 Exam Tip: Group plants by their general size and woody structure to differentiate between trees and shrubs.

 

Question 15. What are the similarities between fenugreek and periwinkle plants?
Answer: They are smaller and shorter than trees and shrubs.
In simple words: Fenugreek and periwinkle are similar because they are both herbs, characterized by their small size and shorter stature compared to trees and shrubs.

🎯 Exam Tip: Classify plants by their comparative height and stem characteristics (e.g., non-woody for herbs) to identify similarities.

 

Question 16. Have you seen vines like the pumpkin, the railroad creeper, kavali, watermelon or the grapvine? How do they grow?
Answer: They have very soft, green and flexible stem. They grow with the help of a support.
In simple words: Vines like pumpkin and watermelon have soft, flexible stems and grow by trailing along the ground or climbing with the help of external support.

🎯 Exam Tip: Observe the stem characteristics and growth habit (creeping or climbing) to describe vines effectively.

 

Question 17. For how many years do crops like bajra, wheat, corn, radish, marigold live?
Answer: They live for about one year.
In simple words: Crops such as bajra, wheat, corn, radish, and marigold are annual plants, completing their life cycle within approximately one year.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that most common food crops and seasonal flowers are annuals, completing their life cycle within a single year.

 

Question 18. To which part of plants are butterflies and insects attracted?
Answer: Butterflies and insects are attracted towards the flower of the plants.
In simple words: Butterflies and insects are primarily drawn to the flowers of plants, which offer nectar and aid in pollination.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of flowers in attracting pollinators like butterflies and insects due to their nectar and colorful appearance.

 

Question 19. What is the chain of bones in the centre of our back called?
Answer: A vertibral column.
In simple words: The chain of bones located in the center of our back is called the vertebral column, also known as the spine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the correct anatomical term for the backbone, the vertebral column, as it's a fundamental part of vertebrate anatomy.