Maharashtra Board Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Profit Loss Set 34 Solutions

Profit-Loss Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Practice Set 34 Solutions Maharashtra Board

Std 6 Maths Practice Set 34 Solutions Answers

Question 1. Cost price Rs 1600, selling price Rs 2800. Solution: Sanju bought goods worth Rs 1600 and sold them for Rs 2800. What was his profit in percentage? Cost price = Rs 1600, Selling price = Rs 2800 Profit = Selling price - Cost price = 2800 - 1600 = Rs 1200 Let Sanju make profit of x%. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{1200}{1600} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{1200}{1600} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{1200 \times 100}{1600} = \frac{120000}{1600} = \frac{1200}{16} \)
\( \implies x = 75\% \)
\( \implies \) Sanju made a profit of 75%.
Answer: Sanju made a profit of 75%.
In simple words: To find the profit percentage, first calculate the total profit (selling price - cost price). Then, express this profit as a percentage of the original cost price.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always remember to calculate profit or loss percentage based on the cost price unless specified otherwise. Showing intermediate steps for percentage calculation earns full marks.

Question 2. Cost price Rs 2000, selling price Rs 1900. Solution: Rakhi bought books worth Rs 2000 and sold them for Rs 1900. What was her loss in percentage? Cost price = Rs 2000, Selling price = Rs 1900 Loss = Cost price - Selling price = 2000 - 1900 = Rs 100 Let Rakhi incur a loss of x%. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{100}{2000} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{100}{2000} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{100 \times 100}{2000} = \frac{10000}{2000} = \frac{10}{2} \)
\( \implies x = 5\% \)
\( \implies \) Rakhi suffered a loss of 5%.
Answer: Rakhi suffered a loss of 5%.
In simple words: First find the loss amount (cost price - selling price). Then, calculate this loss as a percentage of the initial cost price.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be careful to distinguish between profit and loss calculations. Loss percentage is calculated as (Loss / Cost Price) * 100.

Question 3. Cost price of 8 articles is Rs 1200 each, selling price Rs 1400 each. Solution: Pallavi bought 8 tables for Rs 1200 each and sold them for Rs 1400 each. What was the percentage of her profit or loss? Cost price of 1 table = Rs 1200
\( \therefore \) Cost price of 8 tables = 1200 x 8 = Rs 9600 Selling price of 1 table = Rs 1400
\( \therefore \) Selling price of 8 tables = 1400 x 8 = Rs 11200 Selling price is greater than the cost price.
\( \therefore \) Pallavi made a profit.
\( \therefore \) Profit = Selling price - Cost price = 11200 - 9600 = Rs 1600 Let Pallavi make a profit of x%. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{1600}{9600} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{1600}{9600} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{1600 \times 100}{9600} = \frac{160000}{9600} = \frac{1600}{96} = \frac{50}{3} \)
\( \implies x = 16 \frac{2}{3}\% \)
\( \therefore \) Pallavi made a profit of \(16 \frac{2}{3}\)%.
Answer: Pallavi made a profit of \(16 \frac{2}{3}\)%.
In simple words: First, calculate the total cost price and total selling price for all articles. Then, determine if it's a profit or loss, find the amount, and express it as a percentage of the total cost price.

🎯 Exam Tip: For multiple items, always calculate the total cost price and total selling price before determining profit or loss. This prevents errors when calculating percentages.

Question 4. Cost price of 50 kg grain Rs 2000, Selling price Rs 43 per kg. Solution: Ramesh bought 50 kg grains for Rs 2000 and sold it at the rate of Rs 43 per kg. Find the percentage of profit or loss. Cost price of 50 kg grains = Rs 2000 Selling price of 1 kg grains = Rs 43
\( \therefore \) Selling price of 50 kg grains = 43 x 50 = Rs 2150 Selling price is greater than the cost price.
\( \therefore \) Ramesh made a profit.
\( \therefore \) Profit = Selling price - Cost price = 2150 - 2000 = Rs 150 Let Ramesh make profit of x%. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{150}{2000} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{150}{2000} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{150 \times 100}{2000} = \frac{15000}{2000} = \frac{15}{2} \)
\( \implies x = 7 \frac{1}{2}\% \)
\( \therefore \) Ramesh made a profit of \(7 \frac{1}{2}\)%.
Answer: Ramesh made a profit of \(7 \frac{1}{2}\)%.
In simple words: Calculate the total selling price for the entire quantity of grain. Compare this with the total cost price to find the profit, then express it as a percentage.

🎯 Exam Tip: When given a per-unit selling price and a total cost price, ensure you convert everything to either total values or per-unit values before calculating profit/loss.

Question 5. Cost price Rs 8600, Transport charges Rs 250, Portage Rs 150, Selling price Rs 10000. Solution: Faruk bought a fridge for Rs 8600. He spent Rs 250 on transport and Rs 150 on portage. If he sold the fridge for Rs 10,000, what was his percent profit or loss? Total cost price of a fridge = Cost of fridge + Transportation cost + Portage = 8600 + 250 + 150 = Rs 9000
\( \therefore \) Selling price = Rs 10,000 Selling price is greater than the total cost price.
\( \therefore \) Faruk made a profit. Profit = Selling price - Total cost price = 10000 - 9000 = Rs 1000 Let Faruk make a profit of x% on cost price. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{1000}{9000} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{1000}{9000} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{1000 \times 100}{9000} = \frac{100000}{9000} = \frac{100}{9} \)
\( \implies x = 11 \frac{1}{9}\% \)
\( \therefore \) Faruk made a profit of \(11 \frac{1}{9}\)%.
Answer: Faruk made a profit of \(11 \frac{1}{9}\)%.
In simple words: The "total cost price" includes the initial purchase price plus all additional expenses like transport and portage. Use this total cost price to calculate the profit percentage.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to include all overhead expenses (transport, installation, etc.) when calculating the "total cost price" of an item before determining profit or loss.

Question 6. Seeds worth Rs 20500, Labour Rs 9700, Chemicals and fertilizers Rs 5600, selling price Rs 28640. Solution: Ramchandra bought sunflower seeds worth Rs 20500. He spent Rs 9700 on labour and Rs 5600 on chemicals and fertilizers. He sold it for Rs 28640. What is the percentage of profit or loss? Total cost price = Cost of seeds + Labour cost + Cost of chemicals and Fertilizers = 20500 + 9700 + 5600 = Rs 35800 Selling price = Rs 28,640 The total cost price is greater than selling price.
\( \therefore \) Ramchandra suffered a loss. Loss = Total cost price - Selling price = 35800 - 28640 = Rs 7160 Let Ramchandra incur a loss of x%. \[ \frac{x}{100} = \frac{7160}{35800} \]
\( \implies \frac{x}{100} \times 100 = \frac{7160}{35800} \times 100 \quad \text{(Multiplying both sides by 100)} \)
\( \implies x = \frac{7160 \times 100}{35800} = \frac{716000}{35800} = \frac{7160}{358} = 20 \)
\( \implies x = 20\% \)
\( \therefore \) Ramchandra incurred a loss of 20%.
Answer: Ramchandra incurred a loss of 20%.
In simple words: Sum up all expenses (seeds, labour, chemicals) to get the total cost. Compare this with the selling price to find the loss, then express it as a percentage of the total cost.

🎯 Exam Tip: When dealing with agricultural or manufacturing scenarios, ensure all input costs (raw materials, labor, processing, etc.) are included in the total cost price for accurate profit/loss calculation.

Maharashtra Board Class 6 Maths Chapter 13 Profit-Loss Practice Set 34 Intext Questions and Activities

Question 1. Maths is fun! (Textbook pg. no. 72)
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र माचिस की तीलियों से बने वर्गों को दर्शाता है। पहले भाग में 4 तीलियों से एक वर्ग बना है। दूसरे भाग में 7 तीलियों से दो जुड़े हुए वर्ग बने हैं। तीसरे भाग में 10 तीलियों से तीन जुड़े हुए वर्ग बने हैं, जो तीलियों की संख्या और वर्गों की संख्या के बीच संबंध को समझाता है। Arpita used 4 matchsticks to make a square. Then she took 3 more sticks and arranged them to make 2 squares. Another 3 sticks helped her to make 3 squares. How many sticks are needed to make 7 such squares in the same way? How many sticks are needed to make 50 squares? Solution: Matchsticks needed to make 7 squares = 4 + (6 × 3) = 22 Matchsticks needed to make 50 squares= 4 + (49 × 3) = 151
Answer: 22 matchsticks are needed for 7 squares; 151 matchsticks are needed for 50 squares.
In simple words: The pattern is that the first square takes 4 sticks, and each additional square takes 3 more sticks. So, for 'n' squares, the total sticks needed is 4 + (n-1) * 3.

🎯 Exam Tip: For pattern-based questions, identify the initial value and the constant increase/decrease. Formulate a general rule or formula to solve for any given number.

Question 2. Project (Textbook pg. no. 72)
(i) Relate instances of profit and loss that you have experienced. Express them as problems and solve the problems.
(ii) Organize a fair. Gain the experience of selling things/trading. What was the expenditure on preparing or obtaining the good to be sold? How much were the sales worth? Write a composition about it or enact this entire transaction. Solution: (Students should attempt the activities on their own.)
Answer: Students should engage in these activities to gain practical understanding of profit and loss concepts.
In simple words: These are practical activities designed to help students apply the concepts of profit and loss to real-life situations and experience business principles firsthand.

🎯 Exam Tip: While direct answers are not expected for project-based questions, understanding the concepts and being able to articulate a relevant experience or scenario can be assessed in viva or related assignments.