Maharashtra Board Class 6 Geography Chapter 1 The Earth and the Graticule Solutions

The Earth And The Graticule Class 6 Questions And Answers

A. Place a tick mark (✔) against the correct option:

Question 1. What term is used for the imaginary east-west horizontal lines on the earth?
(i) Meridians
(ii) International Date Line
(iii) Parallels
Answer: (iii) Parallels
In simple words: Imaginary lines that run horizontally around the Earth, parallel to the equator, are called parallels of latitude. They help determine how far north or south a location is.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the basic definitions of geographical lines like parallels and meridians is crucial for foundational knowledge and often appears in multiple-choice questions.

Question 2. What is the shape of the meridians?
(i) Circular
(ii) Semicircular
(iii) Points
Answer: (ii) Semicircular
In simple words: Meridians are imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole, and each one forms half of a circle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between parallels (full circles) and meridians (semicircles) as this is a common point of confusion in geography exams.

Question 3. What do the parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude together form on the globe?
(i) Angular distance
(ii) Hemisphere
(iii) Graticule
Answer: (iii) Graticule
In simple words: The network created by the intersection of parallels (latitude) and meridians (longitude) on a globe is called a graticule, which helps in pinpointing locations.

🎯 Exam Tip: The graticule is fundamental for geographical location; know its definition and components for a strong understanding of coordinate systems.

Question 4. How many parallels are there in the northern hemisphere?
(i) 90
(ii) 89
(iii) 91
Answer: (i) 90
In simple words: There are 90 parallels of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, starting from 1°N up to 90°N (the North Pole).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the equator is 0°, and there are 90 parallels each in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, excluding the poles if counted as points rather than circles.

Question 5. Which circles form the eastern and western hemispheres?
(i) 0° parallel and 180° meridian
(ii) 0° Prime Meridian and 180° meridian
(iii) North and South Polar circles
Answer: (ii) 0° Prime Meridian and 180° meridian
In simple words: The Earth is divided into Eastern and Western Hemispheres by the 0° Prime Meridian and the 180° meridian, which together form a great circle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the lines that divide the Earth into northern/southern (equator) and eastern/western (Prime Meridian/180° meridian) hemispheres.

Question 6. Which circle appears as a point on the globe?
(i) Equator
(ii) North/South Pole
(iii) Prime Meridian
Answer: (ii) North/South Pole
In simple words: The North and South Poles are the extreme points of the Earth's axis, which appear as points on a globe, not as circles.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that while parallels are circles, their appearance diminishes as they approach the poles, eventually becoming points at 90° latitude.

Question 7. How many places on the earth may be located on 45° N parallel?
(i) One
(ii) Many
(iii) Two
Answer: (ii) Many
In simple words: Many places can share the same latitude (like 45° N) because latitude defines a circular line around the Earth, and all points on that circle have the same latitude. To specify a unique location, longitude is also needed.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a single parallel of latitude defines a circular path, meaning countless points share that latitude. Both latitude and longitude are required for a precise location.

B. Observe a globe and examine the following statements. Correct the wrong ones:

Question 1. Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the Prime Meridian,
Answer: Wrong: Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the equator.
In simple words: Parallels of latitude are horizontal lines that run east-west, always parallel to the equator, not the Prime Meridian.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly understand the orientation of parallels (east-west, parallel to equator) versus meridians (north-south, parallel to Prime Meridian) to avoid common mistakes.

Question 2. All parallels of latitude converge at the equator.
Answer: Wrong: All meridians of longitude converge at the poles.
In simple words: Parallels of latitude are parallel to each other and do not converge, whereas all meridians of longitude meet at the North and South Poles.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests a fundamental difference between parallels and meridians; remember that meridians meet at the poles, while parallels are equidistant from each other.

Question 3. Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines.
Answer: Right.
In simple words: Both parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude are invisible, conceptual lines used to create a coordinate system for locating places on Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that these geographical lines are tools for mapping and navigation, not physical markings on the Earth's surface.

Question 4. 8° 4' 65" N is a north meridian.
Answer: Wrong: 8° 4′ 65″ N is a north parallel.
In simple words: A measurement with 'N' (North) indicates latitude, which refers to parallels. Meridians are expressed with 'E' (East) or 'W' (West) for longitude. Also, the seconds unit cannot exceed 60.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the directional indicator (N/S for latitude, E/W for longitude) and the units (degrees, minutes, seconds) when identifying geographic coordinates.

Question 5. Meridians are parallel to each other.
Answer: Wrong: Latitudes are parallel to each other.
In simple words: Meridians converge at the poles, meaning they are not parallel to each other. Only parallels of latitude are truly parallel.

🎯 Exam Tip: This is a key distinction: parallels are parallel, meridians converge. This concept is crucial for understanding the graticule and map projections.

C. Find the correct graticule out of the following and put a tick mark against it.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न है जिसमें पृथ्वी के ग्रेटिक्यूल (जाली) के चार अलग-अलग चित्र दिए गए हैं। प्रत्येक चित्र में उत्तर (N) और दक्षिण (S) ध्रुव तथा ग्रेटिक्यूल रेखाएँ दर्शाई गई हैं। छात्रों को सही ग्रेटिक्यूल मॉडल की पहचान करनी है।

N
a
S
N
b
C
N
S
S
d
N
S

Answer: Figure (a) is correct.
In simple words: Figure (a) correctly depicts the graticule, showing parallels as full circles parallel to the equator and meridians as semicircles converging at the poles, forming a proper grid.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying a correct graticule diagram, look for parallels that are equidistant and concentric circles, and meridians that are semicircles converging at the poles.

D. Answer the following:

Question 1. How will you express the latitude and longitude of the North Pole?
Answer: The latitude of the North Pole would be 90°N. All the meridians of longitudes pass through the North Pole. So the North pole would be 0° longitude.
In simple words: The North Pole is located at 90°N latitude. Since all meridians of longitude meet at the poles, its longitude is not a single value but is often considered as 0° (or all longitudes converge there).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that the poles have a definite latitude (90°N or 90°S) but do not have a specific longitude, as all meridians pass through them.

Question 2. How much is the angular distance between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn?
Answer: The angular distance between the tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn is \(23^\circ 30' + 23^\circ 30' = 47^\circ\)
In simple words: The Tropic of Cancer is at \(23^\circ 30' N\) and the Tropic of Capricorn is at \(23^\circ 30' S\). The total angular distance between them is the sum of their distances from the equator, which is \(47^\circ\).

🎯 Exam Tip: For angular distances between parallels in different hemispheres, add their absolute latitude values. For parallels in the same hemisphere, subtract their latitude values.

Question 3. Using a globe, write down the names of the countries through which the equator passes.
Answer: The countries through which the equator passes are Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Sao tome and Principe, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Maldives, Indonesia and Kiribati.
In simple words: The equator, a major line of latitude, passes through several South American, African, and Asian island nations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorizing the countries on major lines of latitude (equator, tropics, polar circles) is a good way to improve geographical knowledge and score well.

Question 4. Write down the main uses of the graticule.
Answer: Graticules help us to determine the locations on the earth. In the modern age, Geographical Information Systems, Global Positioning System, Google Maps, Wikimapia, Bhuvan of ISRO also make use of graticules.
In simple words: The graticule is essential for precisely locating any point on Earth, forming the basis for navigation and modern digital mapping technologies like GPS and GIS.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on both traditional (location determination) and modern (GIS, GPS, digital maps) applications of the graticule to provide a comprehensive answer.

E. Complete the following table:

Characteristics	Parallels of latitude	Meridians of longitude
Shape
Size	Size of each parallel is different
Distance

Answer:

Characteristics	Parallels of latitude	Meridians of longitude
Shape	Circular	Semicircular
Size	Size of each parallel is different	Size of each meridian is same
Distance	Distance between two parallels is the same everywhere	Distance between two meridians is larger on the equator and the same decreases towards the Poles.

In simple words: This table compares key features of parallels and meridians: parallels are full circles of varying sizes, equidistant from each other, while meridians are semicircles of equal length, converging at the poles.

🎯 Exam Tip: Tables are an excellent way to organize and compare information. Make sure you can accurately fill in all characteristics for both parallels and meridians.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 1 The Earth and the Graticule Textbook Questions and Answers

Think a little!

Question 1. A game of reading the meridians on the world map is going on. Shaheen and Sanket are asking each other to locate places on specific meridians and are making notes of the same. Shaheen asks Sanket to locate Wrangel Island on 180° meridians. Sanket could locate the island in the map but both are confused while making a note of it. They are puzzled whether to write 180° E or 180° W? What would be the precise answer? Please help them. Can we use a similar logic with reference to 0° meridian as well?
Answer: The 0° and the 180° meridians lie opposite to each other and form a circle around the earth. This circle divides the earth in the eastern and western hemisphere. Shaheen and Sanket can write the Wrangled island to be located on 180° meridian.
In simple words: The 180° meridian is unique because it's both 180° East and 180° West; it's the international date line and simply referred to as the 180° meridian without E or W. The same logic applies to the 0° meridian (Prime Meridian).

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the special nature of the 0° (Prime Meridian) and 180° (International Date Line) meridians; they don't have E/W designations because they are the reference points for dividing the hemispheres.

Do it yourself!

Use figure 1.4 of the geography textbook:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक गोलाकार पृथ्वी का क्रॉस-सेक्शन है जिसमें केंद्र X है। एक क्षैतिज रेखा \(V_1 V_2\) है जो केंद्र X से होकर गुजरती है। ऊपर 'North' और नीचे 'South' चिह्नित है, जो पृथ्वी के ध्रुवों को दर्शाते हैं। यह चित्र अक्षांशों और देशांतरों की कल्पना के लिए आधार प्रदान करता है।

North
\(V_1\)
X
\(V_2\)
South

In the upper portion of the circle, at the centre X, draw angles of \(30^\circ\), \(V_1 X K_1\) and \(V_2 X K_2\); \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) being the points on the circle. Draw an ellipse joining \(K_1\) and \(K_2\).
In the lower half of the circle, mark angles of \(60^\circ\) and name the points on the circle as \(P_1\) and \(P_2\).

Question 1. Draw an ellipse joining \(P_1\) and \(P_2\).
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस चित्र में पृथ्वी के एक क्रॉस-सेक्शन को दर्शाया गया है। केंद्र से उत्तर की ओर 20 डिग्री के कोण पर \(K_1\) और \(K_2\) बिंदु जोड़े गए हैं, जिससे एक दीर्घवृत्त बनता है। केंद्र से दक्षिण की ओर 60 डिग्री के कोण पर \(P_1\) और \(P_2\) बिंदु जोड़े गए हैं, जिससे एक और दीर्घवृत्त बनता है। यह अक्षांशों के आकार में भिन्नता को दर्शाता है।

North
\(K_1\)
\(K_2\)
\(V_1\)
\(20^\circ\)
\(20^\circ\)
\(60^\circ\)
\(60^\circ\)
\(V_2\)
\(P_1\)
South
\(P_2\)
In simple words: An ellipse connecting \(P_1\) and \(P_2\) would be drawn below the equator, at a greater angular distance (60°) from the equator, representing a smaller parallel of latitude compared to those closer to the equator.

🎯 Exam Tip: When drawing or analyzing parallels, remember that their size decreases as they move away from the equator towards the poles, appearing as ellipses in cross-sections.

Can you tell?

Question 1. Is the distance between \(K_1 K_2\) and \(P_1 P_2\) the same?
Answer: No, the distance between \(K_1 K_2\) and \(P_1 P_2\) are not the same.
In simple words: The distance between \(K_1 K_2\) (representing a parallel closer to the equator) and \(P_1 P_2\) (representing a parallel farther from the equator) is not the same because parallels of latitude decrease in circumference as they move towards the poles.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question reinforces the concept that the circumference of parallels decreases from the equator towards the poles. Be able to explain why these distances differ.

Question 2. Compare the distances \(XK_1\) and \(XP_2\). Are these distances the same or are they different?
Answer: Yes, the distances are the same.
In simple words: The distances \(XK_1\) and \(XP_2\) are the same because X is the center of the sphere, and \(K_1\) and \(P_2\) are points on the surface of the sphere, meaning both distances represent the Earth's radius.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that all points on the surface of a perfect sphere are equidistant from its center. In this context, \(XK_1\) and \(XP_2\) represent radii, hence they are equal.

Question 3. Now compare the ellipses you have drawn. Which is the larger ellipse? Why?
Answer: The ellipse through \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) is larger than the ellipse through \(P_1\) and \(P_2\). This is because the distance between \(K_1 K_2\) is greater than the distance between \(P_1 P_2\).
In simple words: The ellipse joining \(K_1\) and \(K_2\) is larger because it represents a parallel of latitude closer to the equator (30° from the center), where parallels have a greater circumference compared to parallels further away (60° from the center).

🎯 Exam Tip: A key principle of parallels is that their circumference is greatest at the equator and steadily decreases as one moves towards the poles.

Observe the picture (fig) on page 5 of the textbook and answer the following questions:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह एक गोलाकार पृथ्वी का मॉडल है जिसमें भूमध्य रेखा, उत्तरी और दक्षिणी ध्रुव तथा केंद्र M दिखाया गया है। भूमध्य रेखा पर 0° और बिंदु A, B, C चिह्नित हैं। यह चित्र अक्षांश और देशांतर के निर्धारण के लिए कोणीय दूरियों को समझने में सहायता करता है।

North Pole
Equator
M
B
A
\(0^\circ\)
C
South Pole

Let the line AM be \(0^\circ\).
Draw the line MB. Measure the angle it makes with the line AM and write it near B.
Note the semicircle that passes through B and joins the North and South Poles. Trace it.
Now join MC. Measure \(\angle AMC\) and write it next to C. Draw a semicircle that passes through 'C' and joins the North and South Poles.
Draw a line that passes through point A at \(0^\circ\), and joins the North and South Poles.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस चित्र में पृथ्वी के एक मॉडल को दिखाया गया है जिसमें भूमध्य रेखा (Equator), उत्तरी ध्रुव (North Pole) और दक्षिणी ध्रुव (South Pole) हैं। केंद्र M से भूमध्य रेखा पर बिंदु B और C को कोणीय दूरी पर दर्शाया गया है। बिंदु B से 70° और बिंदु C से 85° की कोणीय दूरी अंकित की गई है। यह देशांतरीय विस्तार को समझने में मदद करता है।

North Pole
Equator
M
\(70^\circ\)
\(85^\circ\)
B
A
\(0^\circ\)
C
South Pole

Answer:
\(\angle AMB = 70^\circ\)
\(\angle AMC = 85^\circ\)
In simple words: When measuring angles from the central meridian (AM), the angle at B is \(70^\circ\) and the angle at C is \(85^\circ\), indicating their respective longitudes relative to the Prime Meridian.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding how to measure angular distances from a central line on a globe helps in grasping the concept of longitude and its measurement.

Use your brain power!

Question 1. How many parallels and meridians can be drawn on a globe at an interval of 10°?
Answer: 19 parallels and 36 meridians can be drawn on a globe at an interval of \(10^\circ\).
In simple words: When drawing parallels at \(10^\circ\) intervals, there are 19 unique circles (excluding the poles as points). For meridians, there are 36 lines at \(10^\circ\) intervals because they cover \(360^\circ\) around the Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: To calculate the number of parallels, consider the range from \(0^\circ\) to \(90^\circ\) in both hemispheres. For meridians, divide \(360^\circ\) by the interval.

Class 6 Geography Chapter 1 The Earth and the Graticule Textbook Questions and Answers

Fill in the blanks choosing the correct options from the brackets:

Question 1. A miniature model of the earth is called a _______. (ball, globe, sphere)
Answer: globe
In simple words: A globe is a small, spherical representation of the Earth, used to visualize geographical features and coordinate systems.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the basic terminology: a globe is the most accurate small-scale model of Earth, representing its spherical shape.

Question 2. The location of any place on the earth is determined with reference to the _______ of the earth. (poles, circle, centre)
Answer: centre
In simple words: Geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) are determined by angular distances measured from the Earth's center.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that latitude and longitude are angular measurements, which inherently refer to the center of the Earth for their calculation.

Question 3. The _______ is considered as \(0^\circ\) parallel.(equator, poles, circles)
Answer: equator
In simple words: The equator is the imaginary line around the middle of the Earth, defined as \(0^\circ\) latitude, dividing it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

🎯 Exam Tip: The equator is the most important parallel, serving as the baseline for all latitude measurements.

Question 4. The _______ bisects the earth into north and south parts. (poles, equator, circles)
Answer: equator
In simple words: The equator divides the Earth into two equal halves: the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of the equator as the primary dividing line for the Earth's hemispheres (north and south).

Question 5. One can draw _______ parallels on the earth at the interval of \(1^\circ\). (90,181,360)
Answer: 181
In simple words: Counting \(90^\circ\) North, \(90^\circ\) South, and the \(0^\circ\) Equator, there are 181 parallels if each degree is drawn as a separate line.

🎯 Exam Tip: The total number of parallels includes the equator (\(0^\circ\)) plus \(90^\circ\) in the Northern Hemisphere and \(90^\circ\) in the Southern Hemisphere (90+90+1=181).

Question 6. The \(0^\circ\) meridian is known as the_______. (Central meridian, Equator, Prime Meridian)
Answer: Prime Meridian
In simple words: The \(0^\circ\) longitude line, which passes through Greenwich, England, is officially called the Prime Meridian and serves as the global reference for longitude.

🎯 Exam Tip: The Prime Meridian is the reference line for longitude, just as the equator is for latitude.

Question 7. Each degree is divided into 60 _______.(minutes, hours, seconds)
Answer: minutes
In simple words: To provide more precise location, each degree of latitude or longitude is subdivided into 60 smaller units called minutes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the hierarchical subdivision of angular measurements: 1 degree = 60 minutes, and 1 minute = 60 seconds, which helps in pinpointing exact locations.

Question 8. One can draw _______ meridians each at a distance of \(1^\circ\). (90,181, 360)
Answer: 360
In simple words: As the Earth is a sphere spanning \(360^\circ\) of longitude, there are 360 meridians if one is drawn for every degree.

🎯 Exam Tip: There are 360 meridians in total, representing each degree from \(0^\circ\) to \(360^\circ\) (or \(180^\circ\) East and \(180^\circ\) West from the Prime Meridian).

Question 9. All meridians are _______ in size.(unequal, equal, uneven)
Answer: equal
In simple words: All meridians of longitude extend from the North Pole to the South Pole, meaning they are all semicircles of the same length.

🎯 Exam Tip: This is a key characteristic of meridians: unlike parallels, they are all of equal length because they all span the distance between the two poles.

Question 10. Exact location of a place on the earth can be located using _______ (equator, latitude and longitude, Prime Meridian)
Answer: latitude and longitude
In simple words: Both latitude (distance north/south from the equator) and longitude (distance east/west from the Prime Meridian) are needed to precisely identify any point on the Earth's surface.

🎯 Exam Tip: Latitude and longitude together form a coordinate pair, which is the universal method for pinpointing exact locations on Earth.

Question 11. The distance between any two adjacent parallels is _______ on the surface of the earth. (111 km, 102 km, 44 km)
Answer: 111 km
In simple words: The distance between any two parallels of latitude that are one degree apart is approximately 111 kilometers.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember this specific value (111 km) as it represents the consistent distance between degrees of latitude, important for calculating distances on maps.

Question 12. The parallels and meridians on the globe form a net that is called a _______. (latitude, graticule, longitude)
Answer: graticule
In simple words: The grid-like pattern formed by the intersection of parallels and meridians on a globe or map is known as the graticule.

🎯 Exam Tip: Reinforce the definition of a graticule as the complete network of latitude and longitude lines, crucial for geographic referencing.

Match the pairs correctly:

Question 1.

Different parallels	Distance between meridians
(1) Poles	(a) 111 km
(2) Tropic of Cancer	(b) 102 km
(3) Polar Circles	(c) 0 km
(4) Equator	(d) 44 km
(5) Meridians	(e) 360
	(f) \(1^\circ\)

Answer:
1-c
2-b
3-d
4-a
5-e
In simple words: This match-the-pairs exercise links specific parallels or geographic features to their corresponding distances between meridians or other relevant numerical values. For example, meridians converge at the poles (0 km distance), and at the equator, meridians are farthest apart (111 km).

🎯 Exam Tip: This type of question requires a detailed understanding of how the distance between meridians varies at different latitudes and other key geographical facts.

Place a tick mark (√) against the correct option:

Question 1. Which meridian is considered as the Prime Meridian?
(i) \(0^\circ\)
(ii) \(80^\circ\)
(iii) \(90^\circ\)
Answer: (i) \(0^\circ\)
In simple words: The Prime Meridian is the longitude line designated as \(0^\circ\), from which all other longitudes are measured.

🎯 Exam Tip: The \(0^\circ\) longitude is universally recognized as the Prime Meridian, a crucial reference point for time zones and global positioning.

Answer the following questions in one sentence:

Question 1. What are parallels of latitudes?
Answer: Ellipses that are created at some angular distance from the centre of the earth and are parallel to one another are called parallels of latitudes.
In simple words: Parallels of latitude are imaginary east-west circles around the Earth, each at a specific angular distance from the center, and they run parallel to each other.

🎯 Exam Tip: When defining parallels, include their direction (east-west), shape (circles/ellipses), and key characteristic (parallel to each other and the equator).

Question 2. How many parallels are there in the northern hemisphere?
Answer: There are 90 parallels in the northern hemisphere.
In simple words: There are 90 parallels of latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, ranging from \(1^\circ\)N to \(90^\circ\)N (the North Pole).

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to specify "in the northern hemisphere" and count from \(1^\circ\) up to \(90^\circ\) N.

Question 3. Which circle divides the earth in the eastern and western hemisphere?
Answer: The Prime Meridian divides the earth in the eastern and western hemisphere.
In simple words: The Prime Meridian (0° longitude) and its opposing 180° meridian together form a great circle that separates the Earth into Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clarify that it is the Prime Meridian *and* the 180° meridian together that form the dividing circle for the eastern and western hemispheres.

Question 4. What is the distance between any two adjacent parallels on the surface of the earth?
Answer: The distance between any two adjacent parallels on the surface of the earth is 111 km.
In simple words: The distance between two latitude lines that are \(1^\circ\) apart is always approximately 111 kilometers.

🎯 Exam Tip: This value is constant across the globe for parallels because they are parallel to each other.

Question 5. What is a graticule?
Answer: The parallels and meridians on the globe form a net that is called a graticule.
In simple words: A graticule is the grid or network formed by the intersecting imaginary lines of latitude and longitude on a globe or map.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define graticule as the combined network of both parallels and meridians, not just one type of line.

Question 6. What is used to determine the location on the earth?
Answer: Latitude and longitude is used to determine the location on the earth.
In simple words: The precise location of any place on Earth is determined using its unique coordinates of latitude and longitude.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always mention both latitude and longitude as the pair required for exact global positioning.

Write the full forms of:

Question 1. GIS
Answer: Geographical Information System
In simple words: GIS stands for Geographical Information System, a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.

🎯 Exam Tip: Know the full forms of common geographical abbreviations as they are frequently asked in exams.

Question 2. GPS
Answer: Global Positioning System
In simple words: GPS, or Global Positioning System, is a satellite-based navigation system used to determine ground position and velocity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that GPS is a satellite-based technology that uses the graticule concept to provide precise location data worldwide.

Question 3. IRNSS
Answer: Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
In simple words: IRNSS, also known as NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), is India's independent regional satellite navigation system.

🎯 Exam Tip: Be aware of regional navigation systems like IRNSS, especially in the context of global geography and technology.

Question 4. ISRO
Answer: Indian Space Research Organisation
In simple words: ISRO is India's national space agency, responsible for space-based research and the development of space technology.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing the full forms of prominent national and international scientific organizations is important for general knowledge and geography.

Give geographical reasons for the following statements:

Question 1. Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines on the earth.
Answer: Parallels and meridians can be drawn on a globe though not on the earth. That is why parallels and meridians are imaginary lines on the earth.
In simple words: These lines are conceptual tools created by geographers to establish a precise coordinate system for Earth, as physically drawing them on the uneven surface of the planet is impossible.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that these lines are conceptual aids for location and navigation, not physical markings on Earth's surface.

Question 2. Geographers developed a miniature model of the earth in the form of a globe.
Answer: Oceanic waters, uneven nature of the land, forest, innumerable islands of different sizes and buildings make it impossible to draw lines on the earth. In order to overcome this difficulty, geographers developed a miniature model of the earth in the form of a globe.
In simple words: A globe was created as a scaled-down, spherical representation of Earth to accurately depict its shape and the graticule, overcoming the impracticality of drawing such lines on Earth's irregular surface.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the practical challenges of mapping Earth's surface directly and how a globe provides an accurate, manageable solution.

Question 3. Latitude and longitudes are expressed into degree, minutes and seconds.
Answer: To locate the places within the distance of 111 km exactly, the unit degree is divided into smaller units. Degrees are divided into minutes and seconds.
In simple words: Latitude and longitude are divided into degrees, minutes, and seconds to allow for highly precise pinpointing of locations, as a single degree covers a significant distance on Earth's surface.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain that smaller units (minutes and seconds) are necessary for higher accuracy in locating places on a large sphere like Earth.

Answer the following questions in short:

Question 1. Explain the meaning of the term 'equator'.
Answer:
• The equator is considered as \(0^\circ\) parallel.
• It is the largest parallel and great circle.
• It bisects the earth into two equal hemispheres viz, the northern and southern hemisphere.
In simple words: The equator is the imaginary \(0^\circ\) latitude line, the longest parallel, which circles the Earth midway between the poles and divides it into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a comprehensive definition of the equator, including its angular value, status as a great circle, and its role in dividing the Earth.

Question 2. What are Poles of the earth?
Answer: On the globe and also on the earth, at the north and south ends of the earth's axis, Poles appear as points. These are called the North Pole and the South Pole respectively.
In simple words: The Earth's poles are the two extreme points (North and South) where the Earth's imaginary axis of rotation intersects its surface.

🎯 Exam Tip: Define poles in relation to the Earth's axis of rotation and their appearance as points on a globe.

Observe a globe and examine the following statements. Correct the wrong ones:

Question 1. Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the Prime Meridian,
Answer: Wrong: Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the equator.
In simple words: Parallels are lines of latitude that run horizontally, always parallel to the equator.

🎯 Exam Tip: This re-emphasizes a common misconception. Parallels are parallel to the equator, not the Prime Meridian.

Question 2. All parallels of latitude converge at the equator.
Answer: Wrong: All meridians of longitude converge at the poles.
In simple words: Parallels remain equidistant and do not converge, but meridians of longitude meet at both the North and South Poles.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the behavior of parallels (non-converging) and meridians (converging at poles).

Question 3. Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines.
Answer: Right.
In simple words: Both types of lines are conceptual constructs used for mapping, not physical marks on the Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: Reinforce that geographical coordinate lines are imaginary tools for human navigation and mapping.

Question 4. 80° 4' 65" N is a north meridian.
Answer: Wrong: 80° 4' 65″ N is a north parallel.
In simple words: The 'N' indicates North latitude, which corresponds to a parallel, and the value of seconds should not exceed 60.

🎯 Exam Tip: Correctly identifying latitude (N/S) versus longitude (E/W) is fundamental. Also, ensure the minute and second values are within 0-59.

Question 5. Meridians are parallel to each other.
Answer: Wrong: Latitudes are parallel to each other..
In simple words: Meridians converge at the poles and are thus not parallel, while parallels of latitude always maintain an equal distance from each other.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests a core distinction; remember that only parallels are parallel, while meridians meet at the poles.

 

Question 6.What is used to determine the location on the earth?
Answer:Latitude and longitude is used to determine the location on the earth.
In simple words: Latitude and longitude are coordinates that pinpoint an exact spot on Earth.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question assesses fundamental geographical knowledge; ensure students understand the basic purpose of latitude and longitude.

Write The Full Forms Of:

 

Question 1.GIS
Answer:Geographical Information System
In simple words: GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data.

🎯 Exam Tip: Knowing full forms of common abbreviations is important for general knowledge and technical vocabulary in geography.

 

Question 2.GPS
Answer:Global Positioning System
In simple words: GPS is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the utility of GPS in daily life and modern technology is crucial.

 

Question 3.IRNSS
Answer:Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
In simple words: IRNSS, also known as NavIC, is India's own satellite navigation system, providing accurate real-time positioning and timing services.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight India's contribution to satellite technology for a broader perspective.

 

Question 4.ISRO
Answer:Indian Space Research Organisation
In simple words: ISRO is the national space agency of India, responsible for space-based applications, space exploration, and related technology development.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connecting these terms to real-world applications helps students grasp their importance.

Give Geographical Reasons For The Following Statements:

 

Question 1.Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines on the earth.
Answer:Parallels and meridians can be drawn on a globe though not on the earth. That is why parallels and meridians are imaginary lines on the earth.
In simple words: These lines are conceptual tools used for mapping and navigation, not physically marked on Earth's surface due to its complex terrain.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that these lines are conceptual aids for understanding Earth's geography.

 

Question 2.Geographers developed a miniature model of the earth in the form of a globe.
Answer:Oceanic waters, uneven nature of the land, forest, innumerable islands of different sizes and buildings make it impossible to draw lines on the earth. In order to overcome this difficulty, geographers developed a miniature model of the earth in the form of a globe.
In simple words: Due to Earth's irregular surface and vast features, a small, spherical model called a globe was created to accurately represent its shape and facilitate the drawing of parallels and meridians.

🎯 Exam Tip: Students should understand the practical reasons behind using a globe as a model of Earth.

 

Question 3.Latitude and longitudes are expressed into degree, minutes and seconds.
Answer:To locate the places within the distance of 111 km exactly, the unit degree is divided into smaller units. Degrees are divided into minutes and seconds.
In simple words: Degrees are subdivided into minutes and seconds to provide a highly precise location for any point on Earth, allowing for more accurate mapping and navigation than just whole degrees.

🎯 Exam Tip: Precision in measurement is key in geography; linking it to real-world applications like pinpointing locations helps students remember.

Answer The Following Questions In Short:

 

Question 1.Explain the meaning of the term 'equator'.
Answer:
• The equator is considered as 0° parallel.
• It is the largest parallel and great circle.
• It bisects the earth into two equal hemispheres viz, the northern and southern hemisphere.
In simple words: The equator is the imaginary line of 0° latitude, circling the Earth halfway between the North and South Poles, dividing it into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is the longest parallel of latitude.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly define the equator by its degree, size, and its role in dividing the Earth.

 

Question 2.What are Poles of the earth?
Answer:On the globe and also on the earth, at the north and south ends of the earth's axis, Poles appear as points. These are called the North Pole and the South Pole respectively.
In simple words: The Poles are the two points on the Earth's surface where its axis of rotation intersects the surface, known as the North Pole and the South Pole.

🎯 Exam Tip: Students should understand the poles as the extreme ends of the Earth's rotational axis.

Observe A Globe And Examine The Following Statements. Correct The Wrong Ones:

 

Question 1.Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the Prime Meridian,
Answer:Wrong: Parallels of latitude lie parallel to the equator.
In simple words: Parallels of latitude are lines that run horizontally around the Earth, always parallel to the equator, not the Prime Meridian.

🎯 Exam Tip: A common mistake is confusing parallels with meridians; always remember parallels are parallel to the equator.

 

Question 2.All parallels of latitude converge at the equator.
Answer:Wrong: All meridians of longitude converge at the poles.
In simple words: Meridians, which are lines of longitude, meet at both the North and South Poles, while parallels of latitude remain parallel to each other.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between parallels (never converge) and meridians (converge at poles) to avoid confusion.

 

Question 3.Parallels and meridians are imaginary lines.
Answer:Right.
In simple words: These lines are abstract concepts, not physical markings on the Earth, used for geographical reference.

🎯 Exam Tip: Reinforce the fundamental nature of these lines as conceptual mapping tools.

 

Question 4.80° 4' 65" N is a north meridian.
Answer:Wrong: 80° 4' 65″ N is a north parallel.
In simple words: A measurement followed by 'N' (North) refers to a latitude, which is a parallel, indicating distance north or south of the equator. Meridians refer to east/west longitude.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the 'N' or 'S' indicator, which always refers to latitude (parallels), while 'E' or 'W' refers to longitude (meridians).

 

Question 5.Meridians are parallel to each other.
Answer:Wrong: Latitudes are parallel to each other..
In simple words: Latitudes (parallels) run parallel to each other and never meet, whereas meridians (longitudes) converge at the North and South Poles.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests a key distinguishing characteristic between parallels and meridians. Latitudes are parallel, meridians are not.

6th Std Geography Questions And Answers:

• The Earth and the Graticule Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Let us Use the Graticule Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Comparing a Globe and a Map; Field Visits Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Weather and Climate Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Temperature Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Importance of Oceans Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Rocks and Rock Types Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Natural Resources Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Energy Resources Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers
• Human Occupations Class 6 Geography Questions And Answers