Maharashtra Board Class 5 EVS Part I Chapter 5 Family Values PDF Download

Family Values

Role In Decision-Making

We live together in a family. Every person's likes and dislikes are different. Thoughts and opinions can also differ. We ourselves are different from others. Even so, our thoughts and opinions can match those of others on various topics. We have love and affection for each other. We take care of each other and are concerned about other people's well-being. We talk to each other before making decisions about anything in the house. We consult each other and make decisions that everyone agrees with. In this way, we are part of the decision-making in the family.

What Happens When Everyone Has A Role In Decision-Making?

Each person gets the opportunity to say what they think.

By asking everyone's opinions, the subject is thoroughly discussed from every aspect.

We feel like a more important part of the family when we see that our opinion is valued.

Teacher's Note

In your home, you can help decide what food to cook or where to go for a holiday. This makes everyone happy and feel important.

Exam Trick

Remember: When everyone gives their opinion in a family meeting, everyone feels valued and important. This is like a team game where every player matters.

Points to Remember

We must talk to each other before making decisions.
Each person's opinion is important in the family.
When we listen to others, we learn new things.
Everyone should get a chance to share their ideas.

Just as we have a role in making decisions in our family, we also have a role in public decision-making. In newspapers, we read about matters requiring public participation. A few examples of such news have been summarized below.

Citizens participate in municipal budget planning. Citizens to decide the matters on which to spend money.

Citizens crowd to suggest improvements to city development plan.

Inauguration of road joining six villages: Joint effort by six villages bears fruit.

We feel the need for minor changes in our environment. It is to our advantage that everyone has a role in making decisions about changes in our surroundings. The government we elect makes decisions regarding public matters. If we feel that a decision made by the government is wrong, we can register our opinion. In this way, we can be a part of the decision-making process.

Teacher's Note

In India, citizens vote to choose their leaders. This is how we participate in public decisions. Your vote matters just like in a family meeting.

Exam Trick

Remember: Public decision-making = everyone gets a say in big decisions. Like a family decides together, a country decides through voting and public meetings.

Points to Remember

The government makes big decisions for the country.
We can give our opinion about government decisions.
Voting is a way to participate in public decisions.
Everyone's voice is important in a democracy.

Effects Of Honest And Dishonest Behaviour

We do many different things every day. Sometimes we make mistakes. When we realise that we have made a mistake, we should talk about it openly with our friends and family. By doing this, we learn to be honest and find a way to correct our mistakes.

It is also necessary to be honest and sincere in our work. We must try hard to keep the trust in any relationship and never cheat. If we are honest, we do not have to be afraid. But if we are dishonest, we lose our self-confidence. We must be honest at home as well as in public. Everyone respects an honest person. Honesty is our strength.

Note the following situations carefully. State which of the children show honest behaviour.

Afreen borrowed a pencil from Meenu. After she finished using it, she returned it.

Shama fell from her bicycle. However, she told her mother, "Neha pushed me off the bicycle".

Mary took the bag she found in a rickshaw to a police station.

Teacher's Note

Honesty means telling the truth even when it is difficult. Like Afreen returning the pencil, we should always return borrowed things.

Exam Trick

Remember: Honest = tell the truth. Mary returned the lost bag to police. This is honesty. It helps others and makes people trust you.

Points to Remember

Tell the truth always, even when it is hard.
Do not blame others for your mistakes.
Return things that are not yours.
Honesty makes people respect you.
Being dishonest makes you lose confidence.

Honesty In Public Life

If we are honest in our public life, we will get better public services and facilities. What happens if we travel on a train or bus without a ticket? Our public transport system will run at a loss and would soon have to shut down. If each person buys a ticket honestly, this problem will not arise.

Honesty can increase efficiency in public life. Honesty is the best way to increase discipline and efficiency in public life.

Teacher's Note

When you buy a bus ticket instead of travelling without one, you help the bus driver get paid. This keeps the bus service running for everyone.

Exam Trick

Remember: No ticket = bus company loses money = bus service shuts down. One ticket = one person helps. Many tickets = many people help = good service.

Points to Remember

Buying tickets honestly helps public services.
Without honesty, public transport fails.
Each person's honesty matters in public life.
Honesty saves money and time.
Good public services need honest citizens.

Advantages Of Co-Operation

In a family, we co-operate with each other. Similarly, in team sports, the more the players co-operate with one another, the better is their game. Instead of keeping the feeling of co-operation restricted to sports, we should bring it into public life as well. Everyone needs co-operation in public life. We, too, need the help of others. Fairs, rallies and other such gatherings can only be arranged successfully if we co-operate with one another. In 2011, during a cricket match between India and the West Indies, a bowler caught Sachin Tendulkar right at the beginning of the match. The bowler appealed to the umpire. Thinking that the ball had not touched the bat, the umpire declared Tendulkar not out. However, knowing that the ball had touched his bat, Tendulkar returned to the pavilion though he was declared not out.

Teacher's Note

Sachin Tendulkar is a famous cricket player. He chose to follow the rules even though no one would have known. This shows real honesty.

Exam Trick

Remember: Sachin could have stayed but left anyway. This teaches us that honesty matters more than winning. Follow rules even when no one is watching.

Points to Remember

Co-operation means working together.
Team sports teach us to co-operate.
Public events need co-operation to work.
Honesty is important even when you can win without it.
Great players follow the rules always.

Tolerance

We all have some faults. We can improve on these faults with the help of our family and friends. We may not agree with each other every time. Sometimes, there are disagreements even between friends. At such times, we must try to understand the point of view of others instead of insisting that only our point of view is correct. On such occasions, we must listen to the other person. In this way, we learn to be tolerant. Respecting opinions which are different from our own is called tolerance or broadmindedness.

Tolerance has a special significance in our country. People from various religions, creeds, cultures and following different customs live here. That is why, it is necessary for everyone to be tolerant or broadminded. Diversity can be preserved through tolerance. Diversity enriches our social life. It encourages us to think about others with concern. We can solve problems in our environment by being broadminded.

Teacher's Note

India has Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs and many other religions living together. We must respect each other's beliefs. This is tolerance.

Exam Trick

Remember: Tolerance = listen to others even if you do not agree. India is diverse = many religions. Tolerance keeps everyone happy and safe.

Points to Remember

Tolerance means respecting different opinions.
We must listen to people who think differently.
India has many religions and cultures.
Tolerance keeps our country united.
Diversity makes our country beautiful.

Gender Equality

Boys and girls or men and women are equal as human beings. Considering boys and girls to be equal without discrimination is called gender equality. Boys and girls must respect one another. In the company of our friends, we consider all of them to be our equals. We must maintain this sense of equality as citizens when we grow up.

By developing this sense of equality, everyone gets to learn and make progress. Food, clothing, shelter, health and education are the common needs of men and women. For the purpose of equality, each of these needs must be fulfilled properly. Men and women have equal rights to facilities such as these. Similarly, men and women must get equal opportunities of progress.

Read the dialogue given below. Discuss the problem stated and its solution.

Our teacher's taking us to see a fort. It will be a lot of fun! But let us not include Savita and Sameer in our group. Savita talks too much and Sameer is always playing pranks.

So what? Savita sings well. Sameer tells jokes. Let's talk to them. They will understand. Let's not leave them out.

Yes, Gayatri's right. Let us learn new songs from Savita and new jokes from Sameer.

That's true! I didn't think of that. Let us prepare for the trip together.

Teacher's Note

Boys and girls can play together and help each other. Girls are not weaker and boys are not stronger. Everyone has different talents to share.

Exam Trick

Remember: Gender equality = boys and girls are equal. Girls can play sports, boys can cook. Anyone can do anything if they work hard. No work is only for boys or only for girls.

Points to Remember

Boys and girls are equal as human beings.
Both need food, clothes, shelter, and education.
Both should get equal chances to learn and grow.
Girls can do what boys do and boys can do what girls do.
We must not treat boys and girls differently.

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