Maharashtra Board Class 4 EVS Chapter 7 Food and Nutrition PDF Download

Food And Nutrition

Can You Recall?

Why do we need food?

What is meant by diet?

What are the reasons for variations in diet?

Can You Tell?

Some of the food items in our everyday meals are given below. Read their names: rice, moong dal, chawali, chapatis, jowar bhakari, cabbage, bhaji, pumpkin raita, carrot salad, onion pakodas, garlic chutney, lemon pickle, yoghurt, papad.

Which of these dishes are served with large spoons or ladles and which ones with very small spoons?

Now divide these food items into two groups: those which are eaten in large quantities and those which are eaten in very small quantities.

Staple Food

Chapati, bhakari or rice form a part of every meal we have. We eat more of these foods than of the others. Therefore, wheat, jowar, rice are said to be our staple foods.

However, with chapatis, bhakaris or rice, we eat several other items which make our meals tastier. Besides, for reasons of good health, it is important to include these food items in our meals.

Teacher's Note

Staple food means the main food we eat every day. In India, rice is staple food in South, while wheat is staple in North.

Exam Trick

Remember: Staple = main food we eat most. Chapati, rice, and bread are staple foods in India.

Points to Remember

Staple foods are eaten in large quantities every day.

Wheat, rice, and jowar are staple foods in India.

We also eat other foods with staple foods to make meals tasty.

Good health needs different types of foods in our meals.

Variety In Foodstuffs

What foodstuffs are used to prepare the other items in our meals? Some of these foodstuffs and their names are shown in the box on page 43. Which ones are you familiar with? If there are some which you have not seen, try to get a look at them.

Teacher's Note

Foodstuffs are things we use to make food. Like lemon, garlic, and spices are foodstuffs. We mix them to make our meals tasty and healthy.

Exam Trick

Remember: Foodstuff = things we use to cook. Rice, lentils, salt, and spices are all foodstuffs.

Points to Remember

There are many different foodstuffs we use in cooking.

Some foodstuffs give flour, some give oil, and some give taste.

We use different foodstuffs for different purposes.

Some foodstuffs we use in small amounts, like spices.

Some foodstuffs we use in large amounts, like rice and wheat.

Can You Tell?

Look at the foodstuffs in the box.

From which ones do we get flour?

From what do we get butter, ghee and yoghurt?

From which ones do we get oil?

Which of these do we get from animals?

Which ones give a sweet, sour, bitter taste or are spicy hot?

Which ones do we eat raw?

Which ones do we use in small quantities?

Which ones are used in larger quantities?

You have seen what a wide variety there is in our foodstuffs. We use different foodstuffs for different purposes. We use milk to get butter. We get flours from jowar, bajra to make bhakaris. To add a sour taste, we may use lemons or tamarind or raw mangoes. When making sweets, we may use either sugar or jaggery which we get from sugarcane.

Teacher's Note

Different foodstuffs give us different things. Milk gives us butter and yoghurt. Sugarcane gives us sugar and jaggery. Sesame and groundnut give us oil.

Exam Trick

Remember: Learn which food gives what. Milk = butter and yoghurt. Jowar and bajra = flour. Lemon and tamarind = sour taste.

Points to Remember

We use different foodstuffs for different purposes in cooking.

Milk gives us butter, ghee, and yoghurt.

Jowar and bajra give us flour for making bhakaris.

Lemon, tamarind, and raw mango give us sour taste.

Sesame and groundnut give us oil.

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