Maharashtra Board Class 12 Organization of Commerce and Management Chapter 1 Principles of Management PDF Download

Question 4. Answer In Brief

1) Explain any five principles of management of Henry Fayol.

2) Describe any four techniques of scientific management.

Teacher's Note

Henry Fayol's principles help managers work better in any company. In India, even small shops use these principles to manage their business well.

Exam Trick

Remember: Fayol gave 14 principles. You need to know any 5 of them. Write them clearly with examples from your school or home.

Points to Remember

Henry Fayol was a famous manager.
His principles help in running any business.
Scientific management uses time study and motion study.
Taylor was the father of scientific management.
These principles are used in all companies.

Question 5. Justify The Following Statements

1) Principles of management are flexible in nature.

2) Management principles are helpful in optimum utilization of resources.

3) Principle of equity is important.

4) Taylor emphasized on standardization of tools and equipment.

5) Differential piece wage rate plan is necessary.

Teacher's Note

Management principles are not hard rules. They can change based on the situation. Like in your school, rules are strict but the principal can change them when needed.

Exam Trick

When you justify, always give reasons and examples. Never just say yes or no. Write one reason, then one example from real life.

Points to Remember

Flexible means we can change the rules.
Resources means money, people, and machines.
Optimum means using things in the best way.
Equity means being fair to all workers.
Standardization means making things the same.

Question 6. Attempt The Following

1) Explain in detail any five Henry Fayol's principles of management given by Henry Fayol.

2) Describe different techniques of scientific management.

3) Elaborate principles of scientific management.

4) Explain nature of principles of management.

Teacher's Note

When you explain in detail, write long answers with many points. Think about how your school principal uses these principles every day.

Exam Trick

For "in detail" questions, write at least 5 to 7 lines. Give definition, importance, and 2 to 3 examples. This will get you more marks.

Points to Remember

Detail means write a long answer, not short.
Principles are the rules of good management.
Scientific management uses science and facts.
Time study means measuring how long work takes.
Motion study means watching how people work.

Question 7. Answer The Following

1) What are the techniques of scientific management? Explain in detail.

2) Explain 14 principles of Henry Fayol in detail.

Teacher's Note

These are the hardest questions. They need very long and detailed answers. Take time to think and write clearly with examples.

Exam Trick

These questions have high marks. Write very long answers with headings and sub-headings. Never write short answers for these questions.

Points to Remember

Techniques mean the methods or ways to do something.
Scientific means using facts and numbers, not guessing.
The 14 principles cover all areas of management.
Division of work means different people do different jobs.
Authority means the power to give orders.

Answer Key

Q.1. (A) 1. F W Taylor 2. order 3. one superior 4. authority 5. eight.

(B) A-10, B-6, C-4, D-2, E-1.

(C) 1. Motion Study 2. Time Study 3. Work Study 4. Principle of Initiative 5. Principle of Order

(D) True-1,2,6 False-3,4,5

(E) 1. motion study 2. Principle of Unity of Command

(G) 1. Insecurity 2. Unity 3. Superior 4. Centralization 5. principles

Teacher's Note

Always check your answers with the answer key. If you get wrong answers, read that part again. Learning from mistakes helps you remember better.

Exam Trick

In the exam, solve questions first, then match with answer key at home. This helps you know what you did wrong.

Points to Remember

F W Taylor started scientific management.
Order means everything has a right place.
Unity of command means one boss for each worker.
Authority is the power to make decisions.
Always check your answers after solving.

References

1. Management Principles and Practices, N.K.Sharma, MANGAL DEEP PRAKASHANS, JAIPUR

2. Management, James A. F. Stoner, R. Edward Freeman, Daniel R. Gilbert, JR, PEARSON

3. Principles and Practice of Management, T.N.Chhabra, S.CHAND & COMPANY LTD., NEW DELHI

4. Principles of Management, R.N. Gupta, S.Chand.

5. yourarticlelibrary.com

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