Maharashtra Board Class 12 English Section 3 Writing Skills Chapter 3.1 Summary Writing Solutions

Class 12 English Chapter 3.1 Summary Writing Question Answer Maharashtra Board

12th Std English Chapter 3.1 Brainstorming Question Answer

Yuvakbharati English Navneet 12th Digest PDF Free Download Maharashtra Board

Discuss in pairs and guess the correct alternative for the following:

Question 1. To summarize means ...........
(a) Put information in chronological order.
(b) To recapitulate the main points in the selection
(c) To introduce new information
(d) To write one's opinion about selection
Answer: (b) To recapitulate the main points in the selection
In simple words: Summarizing means to restate the main ideas of a text in your own words, focusing only on the essential information. It helps to grasp the core message without needing all the details.

🎯 Exam Tip: For MCQs on definitions, choose the option that most accurately and comprehensively describes the concept. Understanding key terms is crucial for scoring well.

Question 2. The type of summary that consists of a paragraph to express the main idea is
(a) Outline
(b) Report
(c) Synopsis
(d) Written summary
Answer: (d) Written summary
In simple words: A written summary concisely presents the main idea of a larger text in a single paragraph or a brief written form, making it easy to understand the core content.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between various forms of summarization. A "written summary" is the most direct term for a paragraph expressing the main idea. This highlights specific terminology knowledge.

Question 3. There are various ways of incorporating other writers' works into your own writing. They differ according to the closeness of your writing to the source writing. Match the ways of writing in brief given in column (A) with their descriptions in column (B):

Sr. no	(A) Ways of writing		(B) Descriptions
1	Summarizing	a	It includes not just the main idea but every detail expressed clearly and to the point.
2	Paraphrasing	b	It includes selection of proper lines from the given text for correction, condensation and organization.
3	Précis writing	c	It includes the most essential part or the crux of the matter.
4	Quoting	d	It includes taking broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.
5	Editing	e	It includes main ideas into one's own words.
6	Gist writing	f	It must be identical to the original and match the document word by word.

Answer:
1. Summarizing - (e) It includes main ideas into one's own words.
2. Paraphrasing - (f) It must be identical to the original and match the document word by word.
3. Precis writing - (d) It includes taking broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.
4. Quoting - (a) It includes not just the main idea but every detail expressed clearly and to the point.
5. Editing - (b) It includes selection of proper lines from the given text for correction, condensation and organization.
6. Gist writing - (c) It includes the most essential part or the crux of the matter.
In simple words: This question differentiates various writing techniques, from exact quotation to summarizing the main idea in one's own words, explaining how each method relates to the original source text.

🎯 Exam Tip: For matching questions, carefully read both columns. Understand the nuances of each term (e.g., summarizing vs. paraphrasing) to make accurate pairings. This tests your vocabulary and comprehension of writing styles.

(A1)
Question 1. Complete the following as instructed:
Read the passage and write its summary according to the given steps:
Answer:
Use the following steps for summary writing:
Step 1: Read the article twice.
Step 2: The purpose of writing - To tell the reader about the interesting communication methods among birds and mammals.
Step 3: Identify the main idea - Surprising examples of communication methods among birds and mammals.
Steps 4 and 5: Write the first draft: Revise your first draft and edit it. (Students may attempt this on their own.)
Step 5: Write the final draft (Given overleaf.)
In simple words: This task requires students to apply a five-step process to summarize a passage, which involves thorough reading, identifying purpose and main idea, drafting, and revising the summary.

🎯 Exam Tip: Following structured steps in summary writing, like reading multiple times and identifying the core purpose and main idea, ensures accuracy and completeness, which are key for evaluation.

(A2)
(ii) Avoid adverbs:
Delete the adverbs in italics and rewrite:

Question (a)
"That's usually a good thing to do."
Answer: "That's a good thing to do."
In simple words: This exercise demonstrates how to make sentences more concise and direct by removing unnecessary adverbs like "usually."

🎯 Exam Tip: Eliminating redundant or weak adverbs strengthens writing. Focus on using strong verbs and nouns to convey meaning clearly, enhancing your sentence construction for higher scores.

Question (b)
"That's fairly good coffee."
Answer: "That's good coffee."
In simple words: This shows how to simplify a sentence by removing adverbs such as "fairly" that add little to the core meaning, resulting in clearer and stronger expression.

🎯 Exam Tip: Being concise is a valuable writing skill. Practice identifying and removing adverbs that don't add essential meaning to improve the impact of your statements.

Question (c)
"I totally agree.”
Answer: "I agree."
In simple words: The example illustrates that adverbs like "totally" can often be removed without losing the sentence's meaning, making the statement more direct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on direct communication. Often, simple verbs carry enough weight, making intensifiers like 'totally' unnecessary. Directness can improve clarity and conciseness.

Question (d)
"Actually I disagree.”
Answer: "I disagree."
In simple words: This example highlights how removing adverbs like "actually" can make a statement more straightforward and less conversational, improving its formal tone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Avoid conversational adverbs in formal writing to maintain a professional tone. Practice self-editing to identify and remove words that weaken your argument or clarity.

Question (iii)
One word substitution:
Find examples similar to those given in the textbook and make a list:
Answer:
1. friendly relationship in which people understand well : rapport (pronounced as 'rappo')
2. able to cause death: fatal
3. seize by way of penalty: confiscate
4. someone who goes into buildings in order to steal: burglar
5. the principal character in a play or a story: protagonist
6. the path described by an object moving in air: trajectory
7. a person regarded as a symbol: icon
8. a person who knows many languages: polyglot
9. a badly behaved child: brat
10. a period of ten years: decade
11. a persistent increase in the general level of prices: inflation
12. organisation of supplies and services for any, complex operation : logistics
13. extremely careful about details: meticulous
14. not harmful or offensive: innocuous
15. present, appearing or found everywhere: ubiquitous
In simple words: This list provides common one-word substitutions for various phrases, enhancing vocabulary and conciseness in writing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Mastering one-word substitutions is essential for improving vocabulary and writing efficiency. Regularly review such lists to easily recall appropriate replacements during exams.

(ii) Change the following sentences into simple:

Question (a)
Mr. Rohit is the member and he is also the director.
Answer: Mr. Rohit is the member and also the director.
In simple words: This transformation simplifies the sentence by combining two clauses with a shared subject into a single, more concise statement using "and also."

🎯 Exam Tip: To simplify sentences, identify redundant words or phrases. Combining related ideas concisely improves clarity and sentence flow, which are key for good writing scores.

Question (b)
The room is so small that it cannot accommodate many people.
Answer: The room is too small to accommodate many people.
In simple words: The sentence is simplified by replacing the "so...that not" structure with the more direct "too...to" construction, making it more concise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice converting complex sentence structures into simpler forms. Understanding phrases like "so...that" and "too...to" helps in precise and effective communication, essential for grammar scores.

Question (c)
You have to prove that you are innocent.
Answer: You have to prove your innocence.
In simple words: The sentence is simplified by converting the clause "that you are innocent" into a noun phrase, "your innocence," making it more direct.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for opportunities to replace clauses with noun phrases or gerunds to make sentences more compact. This skill is vital for achieving grammatical precision and conciseness.

Question (d)
He was late so he walked in a great hurry.
Answer: Being late, he walked in a great hurry.
In simple words: The sentence is simplified by using a participial phrase ("Being late") to express the cause, making the sentence more fluid and concise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Using participial phrases (e.g., 'Being', 'Having') is an effective way to combine sentences and simplify complex ideas, enhancing both conciseness and flow in your writing.

(A4)
Question (i)
Read any book of your choice and write its summary according to the steps explained in the chapter.
Answer: (This is an activity for students to perform on their own, applying the summary writing steps learned in the chapter.)
In simple words: This question asks students to apply summary writing techniques to a book of their choice, practicing the steps like reading, identifying main ideas, drafting, and revising.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practical application of concepts, like writing summaries, reinforces learning. While not directly graded, preparing for such tasks develops analytical and writing skills crucial for exams.

Question (ii)
Find some professions that require the skill of summary writing and editing. Write them in your notebook.
Answer: (This is an activity for students to research and list professions that utilize summary writing and editing skills, such as journalism, content creation, research analysis, legal work, etc.)
In simple words: Students are tasked with identifying careers where summary writing and editing are essential skills, demonstrating the real-world relevance of these competencies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connecting academic skills to real-world applications deepens understanding. While listing professions, consider *why* these skills are important in each, which can enrich your insights for essays or discussions.

Yuvakbharati English 12th Digest Chapter 3.1 Summary Writing Additional Important Questions And Answers

Question (i)
Cut redundant words:
Write five examples of redundant words:
Answer:
1. puzzling mystery = 'mystery'
2. connect together = 'connect'
3. divide into two equal halves = 'divide into halves`
4. surrounded on all sides = 'surrounded'
5. return back = 'return'
In simple words: This exercise provides examples of redundant phrases where one word can effectively convey the meaning of two, promoting concise and clear writing.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying and eliminating redundant words is crucial for clear and impactful writing. Focus on the core meaning to choose the most efficient expression, improving your language precision scores.

12th Std English Questions And Answers: