Maharashtra Board Class 12 English Chapter 1.4 Big Data Big Insights Textbook PDF Download

Ice Breakers

Give business suggestions to the respective industry or company for the following situation. One is done for you.

You have received data that:

(a) Many passengers prefer morning flights between 7 am and 9 am from Mumbai to Delhi.

Suggestion: Increase the number of flights between 7 am and 9 am.

(b) Many students are opting for UPSC or MPSC Exams.

Suggestion:

(c) Many people go for morning walk to Kamla Nehru Park.

Suggestion:

(d) Many people buy clothes from miracle.com an online shopping site.

Suggestion:

(e) The viewership on television is more between 8 pm and 10 pm.

Suggestion:

People get information from various sources. Can you name a few?

Sources of information include Facebook.

Teacher's Note

Big Data is all around us. When you like a video on YouTube or search for school projects online, that is big data being collected.

Exam Trick

Remember: Big Data means very very large amount of information. Think of a huge library with millions of books stored in a computer.

Points to Remember

Big Data is very large information collected from many sources.
Whatever we do online is recorded and watched.
This information helps companies and industries.
The data is so big that computers need special ways to study it.
What matters is what we do with the data, not how much it is.

Big Data – Big Insights

What Is Big Data?

There is a revolution in the life style of people which has been affected by Big Data. Our food habits, our health care, our travelling, our scientific pursuits, you name it and everything has changed 360 degrees. The massive data available with us can really work wonders. Friends, do you know what happens when we like a post on Facebook or share a post on WhatsApp, visit any website, make online purchases, or watch videos? Yes, whatever activity we do online is recorded, monitored and analysed. So a huge amount of data is collected. Let me give you an idea of how huge the data might be. Big Data can be petabytes or exabytes of data consisting of billions to trillions of records of millions of people- all from different sources, for example web, sales, customer contact centre, social media, mobile data and so on. The data available to industries and companies is enormously increasing in volume, variation, velocity, veracity and value. Such a Big Data is easy to obtain but so massive that it challenges the current computing technologies and hence Big Data analytics is used to give insights that were previously incomprehensible. Big Data analytics is the complex process of examining large and varied data sets or Big Data to uncover information- such as hidden patterns, unknown correlations, market trends and customer preferences. With such a huge data available with the industries they can have innumerable advantages hence all the industries are trying to reap the maximum benefit from it. Many industries have advanced by miles from their competitors. It's not the amount of data that is important but what the organizations do with the data is what matters.

Teacher's Note

When you buy something online from Flipkart or Amazon, all your information is stored. This is Big Data helping the company.

Exam Trick

Remember: Petabytes and exabytes are just fancy names for very very big amounts of data. Think of it as the difference between one apple and one million apples.

Points to Remember

Big Data changes how people live their lives.
Everything we do online is saved and studied.
Big Data comes from websites, shopping, social media, and mobile phones.
Companies use Big Data to find hidden patterns and trends.
What matters is not how much data, but what we do with it.

Uses Of Big Data

1. Location Tracking

Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact location of a place. Your GPS and Google Maps make use of Big Data. With geographic positioning and radio frequency identification sensors we get the real-time data about traffic, congestion on a particular route, information if the route is closed or if it is a one-way route, understanding accident prone areas etc. You can plan your own route according to the travel time and the transportation of goods. If you have ordered something online you can track the location of your goods in transit, you can also track the condition of the goods. This has immensely helped the logistics companies to reduce risks in transport, improve speed and reliability in delivery.

Teacher's Note

When you track your Flipkart delivery on your phone and see exactly where the delivery boy is, that is Big Data and location tracking working together.

Exam Trick

Remember: GPS = can see where you are. Just like your mother knows where you are in the house, GPS knows where vehicles and deliveries are.

Points to Remember

GPS and Google Maps use Big Data for tracking.
Big Data helps us understand traffic and road conditions.
You can track where your online order is.
Delivery companies use Big Data to deliver things faster.
Big Data helps reduce problems and risks in transport.

2. Understanding The Weather Patterns

There are weather sensors and satellites set-up all around the globe. Huge amount of data is continuously being received from them. They help us to understand the weather and help in weather forecasting. Weather patterns give us warnings of the impending natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, tsunami etc. Necessary preparations to combat them can be made well in advance. We can study global warming, predict availability of natural resources like water.

Teacher's Note

In India, the Indian Meteorological Department uses Big Data to predict if it will rain in your city so farmers know when to plant crops.

Exam Trick

Remember: Weather sensors collect data like your thermometer at home. But instead of one thermometer, there are thousands around the world collecting data together.

Points to Remember

Satellites and sensors send weather information all the time.
Big Data helps predict rain, storms, and earthquakes.
We get warnings about floods and tsunamis early.
Scientists can study global warming with Big Data.
We can predict if water will be available in future.

3. Health Care Industry

Today, we see that people have become health conscious. The smart watches, other wearable, health apps in our phone keep on collecting data. We can say that they are our own mini biomedical research devices. They detect our heart rate, monitor the patient's sleep pattern, keep a record of his exercise, the distance walked etc. The analysis of this data collected can give new insights and provide a personalized, individual feedback to each and every person. Nowadays we have gadgets to monitor blood sugar, blood pressure etc. at home; 24 x 7 monitoring can be provided to patients in hospitals too. With the help of Big Data the doctors can now have better diagnosis of any ailment, the effect of any drug etc. Unnecessary guesswork can be significantly reduced. Past records of the patients can be maintained and better analysis of the health can be obtained. Big Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of epidemics and diseases. Just when you post your message, 'I'm down with flu' on WhatsApp or Facebook it will be monitored and the areas affected by 'flu' can be easily located and necessary precautions can be taken. Pharmaceutical companies would pay huge amount to receive the health data of people to promote research in the particular area. With the help of the data gathered, individuals are often given suggestions and solutions for the problems they are encountering.

Teacher's Note

Your smartwatch tracks how many steps you walk and your heart rate. Doctors in hospitals use this information to keep you healthy.

Exam Trick

Remember: Smart watches on your wrist are like small doctors watching you all day and night. They collect information about your health continuously.

Points to Remember

Smart watches and health apps collect health information about you.
Doctors can now make better decisions about your health.
Hospitals can watch patients 24 hours a day with Big Data.
Big Data helps track diseases like flu across cities.
Medicine companies use health data to make better medicines.

This is a preview of the first 3 pages. To get the complete book, click below.