Maharashtra Board Class 12 Education Chapter 5 Educational Management and Administration PDF Download

Educational Management and Administration

What We Will Learn

What is Educational Management?

What are the functions of Educational Managers?

Explain the need and importance of Educational Management.

In the previous standard, we have studied about the meaning, nature, objectives, need, importance and functions of educational management. The process of education includes aims, planning, organization, direction, control and evaluation of educational activities. It also involves human factors such as government, society, teacher, educationist, parents and students etc. Various physical resources like school complex, textbooks, laboratories are also important in the educational process.

All these components need to be managed properly and efficiently. Modern technological advancements demand the need of proper management in all the fields and education is no exception. The scope of management is widening day-by-day due to continuous changes occurring in educational, social, financial and political fields. Each day is marked with new challenges and problems related to the education process. The only solution to these challenges and problems is Effective Management. The nature of problems in the field of education are ever changing and thus to improve and maintain quality in education, management is important.

5.1 Qualities Of A Good Educational Manager

Education is a comprehensive process and it consists of main processes such as Teaching, Learning and Evaluation. Teachers, Students, Schools, Textbooks, Educational Materials, Evaluation Tools play very important role in fulfilling the objectives of Education. To bring the permanent change in student's behaviour, classroom teaching needs efficient use of educational resources. Role of a good educational manager is quite important in co-ordinating among human and physical resources for effective use of education. Only a good educational manager can perform this task well with his educational planning, organizing, directing, communicating, controlling and motivating skills. A good educational manager helps in achieving aims and objectives of education. A good educational manager should have following qualities:

Educational Manager should be a good planner.

Educational Manager should have good leadership qualities.

Educational Manager decides objectives for an educational task and fulfils it by organizing and coordinating among all the components.

Educational manager should be a good mentor in educational management and he should motivate various factors to get the work done effectively.

Educational Manager should be a skilled, knowledgeable and studious person.

Educational Manager must be aware of various educational administrative policies and procedures for their smooth implementation.

Educational Manager should follow the democratic principles.

Educational Manager should be able to adapt with new and innovative ideas, thoughts and reforms in the field of Education.

Educational Manager should be accountable not only for the success but also failure in his task.

Self-discipline is an important quality of Educational Manager.

Educational Manager should be able to evaluate every aspect of educational process in an appropriate manner.

Educational Manager should be a good communicator and should be able to deliver his ideas, thoughts, goals and instructions in an effective manner.

Teacher's Note

A good headmaster is like a captain of a school ship. Just like a captain manages the ship and crew well, a headmaster manages all teachers, students and school work smoothly.

Exam Trick

Remember: A good manager has 12 qualities. The first is planning, the last is communication. In exam, write them in order from 1 to 12 and you will not forget any.

Points to Remember

A good educational manager must be a good planner and leader.

The manager must have knowledge about all education policies and rules.

Self-discipline is very important for a manager.

A manager must be able to communicate well with all people.

The manager must be able to evaluate and check all educational work.

5.2 Functions Of The Teacher As A Classroom Manager

Classroom management is an art as well as a science. Other skills are of no use, if a teacher is not able to manage the classroom properly and effectively. Teacher shoulders the responsibility of developing future responsible citizens of a country. In order to develop who is capable of facing the challenges of future, teacher should perform the following roles:

Teacher should look after the attendance of the students in schools and make sure for further improvement in it.

He should use variety of teaching methods and educational materials as per the nature of the content.

Teacher should take student's active participation in the teaching-learning process.

Teacher should create a democratic environment in the classroom rather than dictatorship. It will help to inculcate democratic values among the students.

Good behaviour of the students should be reinforced. Teacher should make them realize about their faults and weaknesses, in a sympathetic manner.

Self–discipline should be stressed in the classroom. Intrinsic discipline should be developed in the students, because discipline under compulsion is not sustainable.

Through teaching and learning, the teacher should motivate the students to gain new knowledge and improve or change the wrong or unwanted behaviour.

Teacher should develop conducive classroom environment because entire success of teaching-learning process depends on classroom environment.

Teacher should assume role of Counsellor and a guide for the students having problems.

As a classroom manager, time planning should be done for activities to be organized.

Through classroom teaching teacher, should channelize students' thoughts, capabilities and interests in a proper direction.

As an expert of classroom management, teacher should be able to form groups, choose a leader, to get the work done through the team, according to variety of the activities.

Various educational aids and resources are required during classroom teaching. As a facilitator, teacher should make available all the required educational aids at the required time, in the required number and in the required medium.

Teacher should strictly adhere to the discipline, rules and imbibe the same in the students.

Teacher should act as a good communicator between administration and students. He should be able to communicate students' problems to management and vice versa.

Teacher's Note

A good teacher is like a good cricket captain. Captain makes sure all players play well and team wins together. Similarly, a teacher manages the class so all students learn and do well in exams.

Exam Trick

Remember: A teacher has 15 jobs to do in class. First job is checking attendance, last job is talking to parents and head teacher. Write 1 to 15 and remember each job one by one.

Points to Remember

A teacher must check student attendance every day.

Teachers must use many different ways to teach children.

Teachers must make a friendly and happy classroom, not a scary one.

Teachers must help students learn on their own without beating them.

Teachers must help students who have problems at home or in studies.

5.3 Functions Of State Level Main Educational Administrators

5.3.1 The Secretary Of Education

The main function of Secretary of Education is to decide about the educational policies of the State, understand and solve problems related to education and to give advice about educational matters to the Education Minister. The Secretary of Education acts as a link between the Minister for School Education and the Director of Education.

Major Functions of the Secretary of Education

To give advice to the Minister for school education about policies, resolutions and laws related to education.

To prepare the rough draft, framework and details of educational resolutions and laws.

To prepare the final draft and plan about the educational matters as decided in the Ministry.

To give proper advice regarding the recommendations made by the Directorate of Education to the Government.

To think about available resources in the State and study the related financial and administrative problems for effective implementation of recommendations.

Teacher's Note

The Secretary of Education is like the top teacher in the whole state. He gives advice to the Minister on how to run all schools in Maharashtra like a manager.

Exam Trick

Remember: Secretary gives advice, makes drafts, and solves problems. So Secretary = Advice + Drafts + Problem Solving.

Points to Remember

Secretary of Education gives advice to the Education Minister.

Secretary prepares plans and drafts for new education rules.

Secretary acts as a link between the Minister and Director.

Secretary checks if enough money and teachers are there to run schools.

Secretary solves problems related to schools and education in the state.

5.3.2 Commissioner Of Education

This post is created in order to bring proper co-ordination in the regionwise work of various departments of school education, including all Directorates, effectively implement all schemes of the departments and take remedial measures, in order to improve the quality of education.

Major Functions of Commissioner of Education

To bring co-ordination among all directors of education.

Effective implementation of all programmes.

To implement integrative measures to enhance quality of education.

To give permission to fill the vacant seats of D.El.Ed.

To give permission to last chance for admission to D.El.Ed by correspondence.

To give permission to any change in medium to the divisions of Arts, Commerce and Science streams in granted/non-granted higher Secondary schools.

To give permission to show educational movies to the school children in the State.

To give permission for co-education to secondary or higher secondary schools for girls.

To issue NOC and approval of renewal to the schools other than those following government curriculum such as CBSE, ICSE and IB schools.

Teacher's Note

The Commissioner of Education is like a referee in a football match. He makes sure all teams follow the same rules and play fair. He coordinates all directors to improve school quality across the state.

Exam Trick

Remember: Commissioner = Coordinator. He coordinates all directors and gives permissions for many school things like movies, co-education, and admissions.

Points to Remember

Commissioner brings all directors together to work as one team.

Commissioner gives permission for many school activities and changes.

Commissioner approves CBSE, ICSE and IB schools.

Commissioner wants to improve the quality of education in all schools.

Commissioner checks that all education programs are done properly.

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