Maharashtra Board Class 11 Home Management Chapter 6 Family Housing PDF Download

Family Housing

Can You Recall?

1. What are the basic needs of a human being?

2. Which of the basic needs fulfilled by a house?

You have learnt in your school days that all human beings share some basic physical needs. These are essential for survival of a human being and are listed as food, clothing and shelter. Apart from these many more have now been added to the list like education, clean and healthy environment etc. But the basic needs remain unchanged. A house fulfils the need of shelter.

Pay Attention To The Following:

The house describes a particular building. It is a materialistic possession and an important investment of the family.

Home is a place where a person lives and belongs to. The family members have a lot of emotional attachment to their home.

A house can be acquired by buying a readymade flat, purchasing a plot and getting a house built on it or by renting a house. This decision depends on the family needs and the financial capacity of the family.

6.1 Concept And Importance Of Housing

Do You Know?

What does a house provides for?

1. Physical Facilities

Complete the following table in respect to physical facilities by elaborating the given points in one sentence:

Provision of shelter

Protection from natural elements

Protection from anti social elements

Taking care of physical and personal needs

An ideal housing provides a physical shelter to family members. Family needs protection from the environment elements such as the sun, wind, rain, noise and pollutants. Family also needs protection from anti-social elements causing theft and nuisance. A house is a place that helps to fulfil physical needs like taking rest, sleeping, eating, dressing up, taking care of personal needs etc. This helps to maintain the health, comfort and safety of family members.

2. Emotional Environment

A house is a place that provides good emotional climate where family members come together and share their day to day experiences, feelings, emotions like happiness, sadness etc.

Always Remember That:

Some of the basic values like cooperation, support, encouragement, respecting individual differences etc. get developed in the family which help in the emotional development of an individual.

Teacher's Note

A house gives your family a safe place to live together and love each other. Just like a nest is home for birds, your house is home for your family.

Exam Trick

Remember: House = shelter + safety + family. Think of it like how your school protects you from rain and sun, your house does the same for your family.

Points To Remember

A house provides shelter from rain, sun, wind and bad people.
A house helps family members spend time together and share feelings.
A good house keeps your family healthy, safe and comfortable.
A house is the most important thing a family buys.

3. Providing Intellectual Environment

Home is a place where an individual gets motivation, support, encouragement and guidance for the development of intellectual abilities. For example, in a family, a child may be given motivation to train in classical music, dance or in skills like drawing and painting etc to develop such abilities.

Can You Recall?

Give another example from your family life?

4. Providing Social Climate

Man is a social animal and cannot live in isolation. A house is a place where social development begins. Family is the first social group for a child to learn how to interact with others.

Let's Discuss:

How the social development takes place in the family.

Gradually, the child learns to interact with neighbours, relatives and friends visiting the house. Children learn socially accepted behaviour patterns through these interactions and from good social habits. Participation in social activities and festivals in the community and nearby areas help in the social development of a person.

5. Providing Economic Security

Owning a house is a good investment for a family. The value of property grow with time depending on the locality and amenities available. It gives more returns than other forms of investments in banks or post office. In times of crisis, some part of the house can be rented out to earn money. It can be mortgaged for taking loan from any financial agency.

Teacher's Note

A house becomes more valuable over time. Buying a house is like planting a tree - it grows in value as the years pass, just like your grandmother's old house is worth more money now than when she bought it.

Exam Trick

Remember: House = investment for life. It grows in value like your bank savings, but you also get to live in it and enjoy it.

Points To Remember

A house helps a child learn music, dancing and art skills.
A house teaches children how to talk and behave with others.
A house teaches children about our traditions and community activities.
A house value increases with time and helps families earn money.
A house can be rented out to earn money when needed.

6.2 Types Of Housing

Do You Recall Seeing Various Types Of Houses?

All over the world, various types of houses are observed. The commonly used terminology like cottages, studio flats, flats, row houses, bungalows, pent houses, etc. connote different meaning in different countries. In this unit, we shall discuss the terms with reference to Indian scenario.

A) Cottages

Cottage is a concept which is used commonly in our country. It originated in England. It indicates a structure having a living space on the ground floor and one or two bedrooms on the upper floor. Generally, it is a small single-storied house but sometimes larger structures are also found and termed as cottages. In modern times, the old-fashioned, modest, cosy houses generally found in rural or semi rural areas are indicated by using this term. Historically, it is a small house having a roof that is made from straw or other plant material. It is a house having thick walls and is generally constructed by using stones or bricks. Nowadays a small vacation house is indicated by the term cottage.

Teacher's Note

A cottage is a small, cosy house found in villages. Just like you see small farm houses near your grandparents' village, cottages are similar small and beautiful houses.

Exam Trick

Remember: Cottage = small + village + cosy. Like the small houses you see in Himachal or Uttarakhand hill stations.

Points To Remember

A cottage is a small single-story house with one or two bedrooms.
Cottages are made with thick walls and stone or brick.
Cottages are found in rural and semi-rural areas.
A cottage has a roof made from old plant materials like straw.

B) Studio Apartment

Studio apartment or studio flat is a very small flat having no separate bedrooms. Now a day this term is becoming popular among the young individuals who are working and living away from their families. Many such flats fulfil the wish of these people to have a cozy house along with all the necessary amenities provided in the same place. Such flats are taken by these individuals on rent. The studio flat consists of a single room with various sections which does not have barrier of walls or any other type of divisions. An individual thus can use this room, for carrying out various activities like sleeping, entertaining, cooking etc. as a bedroom, a living room or kitchen.

Teacher's Note

A studio flat is one room where young people live alone far from their families. It is like having your own small home with a kitchen and bed in the same room, just like some hostel rooms.

Exam Trick

Remember: Studio flat = one room only, no bedrooms. The room does everything - you sleep, cook, and sit all in the same space.

Points To Remember

A studio flat has no separate bedrooms or rooms.
One room has sections for sleeping, cooking and sitting.
Studio flats are popular with young working people.
Studio flats are usually rented, not bought.

C) Flat/Apartment

The simplest meaning of the term flat can be stated as a self contained housing unit occupying only a part of a building. In India, a building that has a number of flats is termed as an apartment building. It is an area in a building used by a family for living. This living area is divided into number of areas for the family members to carry out various activities comfortably like entertaining the guests, sitting together as a family group, taking care of personal needs, sleeping (taking rest), getting ready, studying, cooking, eating etc. Considering these needs we find that a flat has a living room, bedroom, kitchen, study room, toilets etc. The family may go in for a one bed room, two room or three bed room flat depending on the factors like income, the number of family members, type of family (nuclear or joint) etc.

D) Row Houses

Row houses are single family housing units that are attached to each other by common walls. These are generally found in urban areas. They may be single storied or multi storied in nature and may be found in twin or multiple units. The design, appearance and the structure of all such houses may not be identical but it is very similar. These houses have open area in the front and back side which may be used as garden, parking area or any other purpose found suitable by the family members.

E) Pent Houses

The term pent house reflects an independent and a separate small house which is constructed on the roof of an apartment building. This simply means that it is constructed on the highest floor of an apartment building. In architecture, it indicates a structure constructed on the roof of a building that is not attached to the parapet walls. Such houses do not occupy the entire roof space which can be used as sit out, placement of potted plants etc. It generally has high ceilings, an independent access to the terrace through a separate elevator and the most expansive views of the

Teacher's Note

A flat or apartment is a home in a big building with many families. It is like having your own space in a building with many other families, similar to your school having many classrooms.

Exam Trick

Remember: Flat = apartment = part of a big building. Row house = houses in a line attached to each other like train coaches holding hands.

Points To Remember

A flat is one home in a big apartment building.
A flat has separate rooms for different activities.
Families choose 1, 2, or 3 bedroom flats based on their needs.
Row houses are attached to each other by walls.
Row houses have front and back open space for gardens.

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