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MSBSHSE Class 11 Food Science and Technology Chapter 4 Macro and Micro Nutrients Digital Edition
For Class 11 Food Science and Technology, this chapter in Maharashtra Board Class 11 Food Science and Technology Chapter 4 Macro and Micro Nutrients PDF Download provides a detailed overview of important concepts. We highly recommend using this text alongside the MSBSHSE Solutions for Class 11 Food Science and Technology to learn the exercise questions provided at the end of the chapter.
Chapter 4 Macro and Micro Nutrients MSBSHSE Book Class 11 PDF (2026-27)
Macro And Micro Nutrients
How are foodstuffs and nutrients useful for body?
What happens when people consume too little food?
How can people get vitamin from sunlight?
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for human being. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.
Food Is Composed Of Nutrients
Nutrients are chemical components present in food that supply nourishment to the body. A nutrient must accomplish at least one of the following three functions:
Supply energy to the body.
Build, repair and maintain body tissues.
Regulate body processes.
There are six main nutrients which perform specific function in our body: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals and Water.
Teacher's Note
Nutrients help our body grow and stay healthy. Just like a plant needs soil and water, our body needs nutrients from food.
Exam Trick
Remember: Six nutrients = Carbs, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water. Think of them as six friends that help your body.
Points to Remember
Food gives our body nutrients.
Nutrients help us grow, get energy, and stay healthy.
There are six main nutrients.
Each nutrient does different work in the body.
A-Z Of Nutrients
4.1 Classification Of Nutrients
Nutrients are classified into two main groups according to the amount required.
Macronutrients are required in relatively large amounts. These include carbohydrate, protein and fat.
Micronutrients are required in smaller amount by the body. These include vitamins and minerals etc.
Macro-Nutrients Vs Micro-Nutrients
| Macro-Nutrients | Micro-Nutrients |
|---|---|
| 1. Macronutrients are required in large amounts. | 1. Micronutrients are required in small amounts. |
| 2. Carbohydrates, proteins, fat, and water are examples of macronutrients. | 2. Vitamins and minerals are examples of micronutrients. |
| 3. Macronutrients contribute to the bulk energy needed for the metabolic system. | 3. Micronutrients assist in various functions of metabolic activities of body, growth and disease prevention. |
| 4. Cereals, legumes, meat, fish, roots and tubers, nuts, oilseeds are rich in macronutrients. | 4. Mainly, fruits, vegetables (green leafy vegetables) germinated food, fermented foods, etc are rich in micronutrients. |
Teacher's Note
Macronutrients are needed in big amounts, micronutrients in small amounts. Like rice and dal are macronutrients, but vitamins from spinach are micronutrients.
Exam Trick
Remember: Macro = large amount (like a big cup). Micro = small amount (like a spoon).
Points to Remember
Macronutrients are needed in large quantities.
Micronutrients are needed in small quantities.
Both are important for health.
Macronutrients give energy and build body.
Micronutrients help body work properly.
4.2 Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are main source of energy and present in major quantity in our foods. Carbohydrate is a chemical compound made up of elements-carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical building blocks units of carbohydrates are given below.
Classification Of Carbohydrates
| Monosaccharides | Disaccharides | Oligosaccharides | Polysaccharides |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-6 Carbon units Glucose Fructose Galactose | Made up of 2 Monosaccharides Sucrose Maltose Lactose | 3-9 Monosaccharides Raffinose Stachyose | 10 or More Monosaccharide Dextrin Starch Cellulose Hemi Cellulose Pectin Gums |
| Sources | Functions | Deficiency Disease |
|---|---|---|
| Plant Sources: 1. Cereals and Millets 2. Pulses and Legumes 3. Vegetables 4. Fruits and dry fruits 5. Sugar Animal Sources: 1. Milk (Lactose) 2. Muscles and Liver (Glycogen) | 1. To provide energy 2. Protein sparing action 3. Utilization of fat 4. Role in gastrointestinal function 5. Energy for brain | Marasmus Symptoms: 1. Insufficient energy 2. Loss of weight in adults |
Teacher's Note
Carbohydrates give us energy to play, study, and run. Rice, bread, and potatoes have lots of carbohydrates.
Exam Trick
Remember: Carbs = Energy. 1 gram gives 4 kilocalories. Like fuel for a car, carbs are fuel for your body.
Points to Remember
Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
They give energy to the body.
They come from plants mostly.
They are divided into four types.
Too little carbohydrates cause marasmus disease.
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MSBSHSE Book Class 11 Food Science and Technology Chapter 4 Macro and Micro Nutrients
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