Maharashtra Board Class 11 Food Science and Technology Chapter 4 Macro and Micro Nutrients PDF Download

Macro And Micro Nutrients

How are foodstuffs and nutrients useful for body?

What happens when people consume too little food?

How can people get vitamin from sunlight?

Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for human being. It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.

Food Is Composed Of Nutrients

Nutrients are chemical components present in food that supply nourishment to the body. A nutrient must accomplish at least one of the following three functions:

Supply energy to the body.

Build, repair and maintain body tissues.

Regulate body processes.

There are six main nutrients which perform specific function in our body: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals and Water.

Teacher's Note

Nutrients help our body grow and stay healthy. Just like a plant needs soil and water, our body needs nutrients from food.

Exam Trick

Remember: Six nutrients = Carbs, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water. Think of them as six friends that help your body.

Points to Remember

Food gives our body nutrients.
Nutrients help us grow, get energy, and stay healthy.
There are six main nutrients.
Each nutrient does different work in the body.

A-Z Of Nutrients

4.1 Classification Of Nutrients

Nutrients are classified into two main groups according to the amount required.

Macronutrients are required in relatively large amounts. These include carbohydrate, protein and fat.

Micronutrients are required in smaller amount by the body. These include vitamins and minerals etc.

Macro-Nutrients Vs Micro-Nutrients

Teacher's Note

Macronutrients are needed in big amounts, micronutrients in small amounts. Like rice and dal are macronutrients, but vitamins from spinach are micronutrients.

Exam Trick

Remember: Macro = large amount (like a big cup). Micro = small amount (like a spoon).

Points to Remember

Macronutrients are needed in large quantities.
Micronutrients are needed in small quantities.
Both are important for health.
Macronutrients give energy and build body.
Micronutrients help body work properly.

4.2 Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are main source of energy and present in major quantity in our foods. Carbohydrate is a chemical compound made up of elements-carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The chemical building blocks units of carbohydrates are given below.

Classification Of Carbohydrates

Teacher's Note

Carbohydrates give us energy to play, study, and run. Rice, bread, and potatoes have lots of carbohydrates.

Exam Trick

Remember: Carbs = Energy. 1 gram gives 4 kilocalories. Like fuel for a car, carbs are fuel for your body.

Points to Remember

Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
They give energy to the body.
They come from plants mostly.
They are divided into four types.
Too little carbohydrates cause marasmus disease.

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